在RedHat9上构建小型的入侵检测系统.doc

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在RedHat9上构建小型的入侵检测系统

     日期：2005-9-14    浏览次数：
作者：Patrick S.Harper    出处：赛迪网
Snort+Apache+PHP4+MySQL+Acid

一.系统平台

Redhat9.0发行版， 安装gcc 及相关库文件，建议不要安装

Apache,PHP,MySQL,我们将用源码编译安装。基于安全方面的

考虑，可以设置一下iptables只允许SSH和WWW访问。

二.软件

MySQL4.0.12 http://mysql.secsup.org

Snort2.0.0 http://www.snort.org

Apache2.0.45 http://www.apache.org

PHP4.3.1

ADODBv3.30

Acid0.9.6b23

Zlib1.1.4

JPGraph1.11

LibPcap0.7.2 http://www.tcpdump.org

建议到这个站点下载

也可以到下载相关的xx.src.rpm编译安装。如若安装了rpm包，可以强行将其反安装

rpm -e -nodeps xx.xx
三.安装(建议将所有的包文件考到同一目录)

1.安装zlib1.1.4

tar -xzvf zlib-xx.tar.gz

cd zlib-xx

./configure;make test

make install

cd ..

2.安装LibPcap0.7.2

tar -xzvf libpcap.tar.gz

cd libpcap-xx

./configure

make

make install

cd ..

3.安装MySQL4.0.12

3.1创建mysql组和mysql用户

groupadd mysql

useradd -g mysql mysql

修改/root下的.bash_profile的这一行：

$HOME/bin 为$PATH:PATH=

$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin$PATH:PATH=

3.2安装mysql

tar -xzvf mysql-xx.tar.gz

cd mysql-xx

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql

make

make install

cd scripts

./mysql_install_db

chown -R root /usr/local/mysql

chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/var

chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql

cd ../support-files/my-f /etc/f

向/etc/ld.so.conf中加入两行：/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql

/usr/local/lib

载入库，执行

ldconfig –v
3.3测试mysql是否工作：

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/

./mysqld_safe --user=mysql&

#ps -ef |grep mysql

看mysql_safe是否工作

3.4设置mysql为自启动：

将mysql安装目录下的support-files目录中的

mysql.server文件拷到/etc/init.d目录

cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql

创建硬链接:

cd /etc/rc3.d（文本方式启动)

ln -s /etc/init.d/mysql S85mysql

ln -s /etc/init.d/mysql K85mysql

cd /etc/rc5.d (图形方式启动）

ln -s /etc/init.d/mysql S85mysql

ln -s /etc/init.d/mysql K85mysql

4.安装Apache2.0.45和PHP4.3.1

tar -zxvf httpd-2.0.xx.tar.gz

cd httpd_2.xx.xx

./configure --prefix=/www --enable-so

注：apache根目录为 /www

make

make install

cd ..

tar -zxvf php-4.3.x.tar.gz

cd php-4.3.x

./configure --prefix=/www/php --with-apxs2=/www/bin/apxs --with-config- filepath=/www/php --enable-sockets --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-zlibdir=/

usr/local --with- gd

注意：这些为一行，中间不要有回车。

cp php.ini-dist /www/php/php.ini

编辑httpd.conf(/www/conf):

加入两行

LoadModule php4_module modules/libphp4.so

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

httpd.conf中相关内容如下：

#

# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so

LoadModule php4_module modules/libphp4.so

# $AddType allows you to tweak mime.types without actually editing it, or

# make certain files to be certain types.

#

AddType application/x-tar .tgz

AddType image/x- icon .ico

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

设置Apache为自启动：

cp /www/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd

cd /etc/rc3.d

ln -s /etc/init.d/httpd S85httpd

ln -s /etc/init.d/httpd K85httpd

cd /etc/rc5.d

ln -s /etc/init.d/httpd S85httpd

ln -s /etc/init.d/httpd K85httpd

测试一下 PHP:

cd /etc/init.d

./httpd start

在/www/htdocs下建立文件 test.php

cd /www/htdocs

vi test.php

加入

lt;?php

hpinfo();

?>

用浏览器访问http://IP_address/test.php,成功的话，出现一些系统,apache,php信息
5.安装 Snort2.0

5.1建立snort配置文件和日志目录

mkdir /etc/snort

mkdir /var/log/snort

tar -zxvf snort-2.x.x.tar.gz

cd snort-2.x.x

./configure --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql

make

make install

5.2安装规则和配置文件

cd rules (在snort安装目录下）

cp * /etc/snort

cd ../etc

cp snort.conf /etc/snort

cp *.config /etc/snort

5.3修改snort.conf(/etc/snort/snort.conf)

var HOME_NET 10.2.2.0/24 (修改为你的内部网网络地址，我的是

192.168.0.0/24)

var RULE_PATH ../rules 修改为 var RULE_PATH /etc/snort/

改变记录日志数据库：

output database: log, mysql, user=root password=your_password

dbname=snort host=localhost

5.4设置snort为自启动：

在snort安装目录下

cd /contrib

cp S99snort /etc/init.d/snort

vi /etc/init.d/snort

修改snort如下：

CONFIG=/etc/snort/snort.conf

#SNORT_GID=nogroup (注释掉）

$CONFIG -i#8194;$SNORT_PATH/snort -c $OPTIONS$IFACE

$SNORT_GID )(去掉原文件中的 -g

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/snort

cd /etc/rc3.d

ln -s /etc/init.d/snort S99snort

ln -s /etc/init.d/snort K99snort

cd /etc/rc5.d

ln -s /etc/init.d/snort S99snort
ln -s /etc/init.d/snort K99snort
四.在mysql中建立数据库

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql

mysql>SET PASSWORD FOR root@localhost=PASSWORD('your_password');

mysql>create database snort;

mysql>grant INSERT,SELECT on root.* to snort@localhost;

mysql>quit;

进入snort安装目录：/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -p <./contrib/create_mysql snort

gt;Enter password:

安装DB表：(在contrib目录）

zcat snortdb-extra.gz | /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -p snort

进入mysql数据库，看看snort数据库中的表：

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -p

gt;Enter password:

mysql>show databases;

+------------+

| Database

+------------+

| mysql

| snort

| test

+------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>use snort;

mysql>show tables; 将会有这些：

+------------------+

| Tables_in_snort |

+------------------+

| data

| detail

| encoding

| event

| flags

| icmphdr

| iphdr

| opt

| protocols

| reference

| reference_system

schema

| sensor

| services

| sig_class

| sig_reference

| signature

| tcphdr

| udphdr

+------------------+

19 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>exit
五.安装配置Web接口

安装JPGraph1.11

cp jpgraph-1.11.tar.gz /www/htdocs

cd /www/htdocs

tar -xzvf jpgraph-1.xx.tar.gz

rm -rf jpgrap-1.xx.tar.gz

cd jpgraph-1.11

rm -rf README

rm -rf QPL.txt

安装ADODB:

cp adodb330.tgz /www/htdocs/

cd /www/htdocs

tar -xzvf adodb330.tgz

rm -rf adodb330.tgz

安装配置Acid:

cp acid-0.0.6b23.tar.gz /www/htdocs

cd /www/htdocs

tar -xvzf acid-0.9.6b23.tar.gz

rm -rf acid-0.9.6b23.tar.gz

cd /www/htodcs/acid/

编辑acid_conf.php,修改相关配置如下：

#8194;$DBlib_path = "/www/htdocs/adodb";

/* The type of underlying alert database

*

* MySQL : "mysql"

* PostgresSQL : "postgres"

* MS SQL Server : "mssql"

*/

#8194;$DBtype = "mysql";

/* Alert DB connection parameters

$alert_dbname : MySQL database name of Snort* - alert DB

$alert_host : host on which the DB is stored* -

* - $alert_port : port on which to access the DB

$alert_user : login* - to the database with this user

$alert_password : password of the DB* - user

*

* This information can be gleaned from the Snort database

* output plugin configuration.

*/

#8194;$alert_dbname = "snort";

#8194;$alert_host = "localhost";

#8194;$alert_port = "";

#8194;$alert_user "root";

#8194;$alert_password = "Your_Password";

/* Archive DB connection parameters */

#8194;$archive_dbname = "snort";

#8194;$archive_host = "localhost";

#8194;$archive_port = "";

#8194;$archive_user = "root";

#8194;$archive_password = "Your_Password ";

And a little further down

#8194;$ChartLib_path = "/www/htdocs/jpgraph-1.11/src";

/* File format of charts ('png', 'jpeg', 'gif') */

#8194;$chart_file_format = "png";
进入web界面：

http://yourhost/acid/acid_main.php

点"Setup Page"链接 ->Create Acid AG

访问http://yourhost/acid将会看到ACID界面。

六.测试系统

重启系统或者直接启动相关后台程序：

/etc/init.d/mysql restart

/etc/init.d/snort start

/etc/init.d/httpd start

利用nmap,nessus,CIS或者X-scan对系统进行扫描， 产生告警纪录。

http://yourhost/acid 察看纪录。
至此，一个功能强大的IDS配置完毕。各位可以利用web界面远程登陆，监控主机所处局域网，同时安装phpMyAdmin对mysql数据库进行操控。