新概念英语第二册第16课.doc

精品教育Lesson 16 A polite request 彬彬有礼的要求If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. You will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket. However, this does not always happen. Traffic police are sometimes very polite. During a holiday in Sweden, I found this note on my car: Sir, we welcome you to our city. This is a No Parking area. You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street signs. This note is only a reminder. If you receive a request like this, you cannot fail to obey it!New words and expressions 生词和短语park v. 停放（汽车） traffic n. 交通 ticket tikit n. 交通违规罚款单 note nut n. 便条area ri n. 地段 sign sain n. 指示牌 reminder rmand n. 提示 fail feil v. 无视，忘记 obey bei v. 服从参考译文 一旦你把汽车停错了地方，交通警很快就会发现。如果他没给你罚单就放你走了，算你走运。然而，情况并不都是这样，交通警有时也很客气。有一次在瑞典度假，我发现我的车上有这样一个字条：“先生，欢迎您光临我们的城市。此处是禁止停车区。如果您对我们街上的标牌稍加注意，您在此会过得很愉快的。谨此提请注意。”如果你收到这样的恳求，你是不会不遵照执行的！1. A polite request 彬彬有礼的要求1) polite plait adj. (politer, politest) more polite和most polite亦常见1. having or showing good manners and respect for the feelings of others有礼貌的；客气的；儒雅的 synonym: courteous k:tis有礼貌的；客气的；(尤指) 恭敬的，谦恭的e.g. 请礼貌待客。Please be polite to our guests.2. socially correct but not always sincere 应酬的；礼节性的；客套的：e.g. 我不晓得怎么说应酬话。I dont know how to make polite conversation.3. only before noun from a class of society that believes it is better than others上流社会的adv. politely n. u politeness2) request rikwest n., v.n. (for sth.) / (that)1. the action of asking for sth. formally and politely(正式或礼貌的)要求，请求：e.g. 他们要求再给一些帮助。They made a request for further aid.他按照经理的要求到了那里。He was there at the request of his manager/at his managers request.(=because his manager had asked him to go)2. a thing that you formally ask for要求的事 e.g. 广播点播节目 a radio request programme (=a programme of music, songs, etc. that listeners have asked for)v. sth. (from sb.) (formal) to ask for sth. or ask sb. to do sth. in a polite or formal way(正式或礼貌地)请求；要求e.g. vn 你可以索要一份免费的宣传单。You can request a free copy of the leaflet.(copy n. c 1. (书、报纸等的一本，一册，一份) 2. c (of sth.) 复印件，复制品)(leaflet li:flit n. 散页印刷品；传单；宣传手册；广告手册) vn to inf 请不要在餐馆里吸烟。You are requested not to smoke in the restaurant.他们要求他离开。They requested him to leave. v that 她要求下次开会前不要向任何人透露她的决定。 She requested that no one be told of her decision until the next meeting. 她要求不要向任何人谈起她的决定。She requested that no one should be told of her decision.2. If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. 一旦你把汽车停错了地方，交通警很快就会发现。1) 英语中指每个人/任何人的不定代词通常是one:e.g. 一个人永远不会知道明天将会发生什么事。(即大家都不知道)One can never know what will happen tomorrow.但在日常会话中，非正式的you则更为常用：e.g. 如果你进行一次环球旅行的话，你就会看到许多风景胜地。(you为泛指)If you make a journey around the world, youll see many beauty spots.2) park p:k v., n.v. 1. to leave a vehicle that you are driving in a particular place for a period of time.停(车)；泊(车)e.g. v 此处不准停车。You cant park here. vn 此处禁止停车。You cant park the car here.2. vn.+adv./prep. yourself (informal) to sit or stand in a particular place for a period of time坐下(或站着) e.g. 她坐在床沿上。She parked herself on the edge of the bed.n. 1. c an area of public land in a town or a city where people go to walk, play and relax公园e.g. 我们去公园散了散步。We went for a walk in the park.2. (in compounds构成复合词) an area of land used for a particular purpose专用区；园区e.g. 商业/科学园区 a business/science park 野生动物园 a wildlife park ( wildlife n. u 野生动物；野生生物)3. c (in Britain) an enclosed area of land, usually with fields and trees, attached to a large country house(英国)庄园；庭院4. c (AmE) a piece of land for playing sports, esp. baseball 运动场；(尤指)棒球场5.(the park) (BrE) a football or rugby field 足球场；橄榄球场(rugby rbi n. u 橄榄球运动)3) 句尾的it代指的是句子的整个if从句，即你把汽车停错了地方这件事。parking n. u1. the act of stopping a vehicle at a place and leaving it there for a period of time停车；泊车e.g. 上午九时至下午六时此处禁止停车。There is no parking here between 9 a.m. and 6 p.m.2. a space or an area for leaving vehicles 停车场；停车位parking lot n. (AmE) an area where people can leave their cars 停车场(lot lt n. c (作某种用途的)一块地，场地)parking ticket (also ticket) n. 违章停车传票3) traffic trfik n., v.n. u 1. the vehicles that are on a road at a particular time路上行驶的车辆；交通e.g. 繁忙的/高峰时刻的交通 heavy/rush-hour traffic 交通警察 traffic police 2. the movement of ships, trains, aircraft, etc. along a particular route (沿固定路线的)航行，行驶，飞行 e.g. 空中交通管制 air traffic control 横渡大西洋的航行 transatlantic traffic (transatlantic trnstlntk adj. obn 1. 横渡大西洋的；横越大西洋的 2. 大西洋两岸国家的 3.在大西洋彼岸的；来自大西洋彼岸的)3. the movement of people or goods from one place to another运输；人流；货流：e.g. 一国与另一国间的货物运输 the traffic of goods between one country and another 4. (in sth.) illegal trade in sth.(非法的)交易，买卖 e.g. 毒品的非法交易 the traffic in drugs verb. (-ck-) phr.v. traffic in sth. to buy and sell sth. illegally(非法)进行交易，做买卖e.g. 从事毒品非法交易 to traffic in drugs trafficker trfik n. 从事违法勾当者e.g. 毒品贩子 a drugs trafficker trafficking n. u 非法交易e.g. 被控贩毒 to be accused of drug trafficking traffic jam n. a long line of vehicles on a road that cannot move or that can only move very slowly堵车；交通阻塞(jam dm n. 1. u, c 果酱 2. c 拥挤；堵塞)e.g. 我们遇上了交通阻塞。We were stuck in a traffic jam.(stick v. (stuck, stuck) vi.(in sth.) (在某物中)卡住，陷住，动不了)traffic light n. c (also traffic lights pl.) (AmE also stoplights pl.) 交通信号灯4) police pli:s n. 警察部门，警方(与the连用)：e.g. 警车 a police car 一名男子被警方逮捕。A man was arrested by the police. 警方总是为治安操心。The police always care for public order. 你如果再不放开我，我就要叫警察了。If you dont let me go, Ill call the police.警察们正在盘问一名外国游客。The police are questioning a foreign tourist.vt. 1. (of the police, army, etc. 警察、军队等) to go around a particular area to make sure that nobody is breaking the law there 巡查；维护治安 e.g. 边境将由联合国官员巡查。The border will be policed by UN officials.(official n. (often in compounds)要员；官员；高级职员 adj. ubn 正式的；官方的；官方授权的)2. (of a committee kmiti , etc. 委员会等) to make sure that a particular set of rules is obeyed监督；管制police dog n. 警犬 police force n. (国家、地区或城镇的)警力，警察部队police officer n. (also officer) 警察 police station (AmE also station house) n. 警察局；警察分局；派出所如果要单指一名警察，可以用policeman或policewoman:e.g. 那边有一位交通警。你可以向他打听去车站的路怎么走。There is a traffic policeman over there. You can ask him the way to the station.汤姆的姐姐是位(女)警察。Toms sister is a policewoman. 3. You will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket. 如果他没给你罚单就放你走了，算你走运。1) let sb. go 1. to allow sb. to be free 放，释放(某人)e.g. 他们是否会释放人质？Will they let the hostages go? (hostage hstid n. 人质)2. to make sb. have to leave their job解雇；开除：e.g. 由于利润下降他们将不得不解雇100名员工。Theyre having to let 100 employees go because of falling profits. prftlet sb./sth. go / let go (of sb./sth.)1.to stop holding sb./sth. 放开；松手e.g. 那人抓住我的胳膊不放。The man wont let go (of) my arm.别松开绳子。Dont let go of the rope. / Dont let the rope go. 放手！你把我弄疼了。Let go! Youre hurting me!2. to give up an idea or an attitude, or control of sth. 放弃，摒弃(想法、态度或控制)e.g. 该忘掉过去了。Its time to let the past go. / Its time to let go of the past.let yourself go 1. to behave in a relaxed way without worrying about what people think of your behaviour 放松；随心所欲：e.g. 来吧！尽情地玩，玩个痛快吧！Come on, enjoy yourself, let yourself go!2. to stop being careful about how you look and dress, etc. 不注重仪表；不修边幅：e.g. 他失业后就不修边幅了。He has let himself go since he lost his job. let me see/think used when you are thinking or trying to remember sth.让我想一想；让我思考一下 e.g. 现在让我想想-他说他住在哪里呢？Now let me see-where did he say he lived?let sb. down to fail to help or support sb. as they had hoped or expected不能帮助，不能支持(某人)；使失望：e.g. 很遗憾，她让我们大失所望。Im afraid she let us down badly.你尽管放心，这台机器不会出毛病。This machine wont let you down.let sb. off (with sth.) to not punish sb. for sth. they have down wrong, or to give them only a light punishment不惩罚；放过；宽恕；从轻处罚e.g. 她没被处罚，只是受了个警告。She was let off with a warning.let sb. off sth. to allow sb. not to do sth. or not to go somewhere允许(某人)不做；准许(某人)不去(某处) e.g. 他今天免了我们的家庭作业。He let us off homework today.let sth. off to fire a gun or make a bomb, etc. explode放(枪等)；使爆炸e.g. 那些男孩在放花炮。The boys were letting off fireworks.2) without a ticket 在这里指without giving you a ticket.3) ticket tikit n., v. n. 1.(for/to sth.) a printed piece of paper that gives you the right to travel on a particular bus, train, etc. or to go into a theatre, etc. 票；券；车票；戏票；入场券e.g. 公共汽车/戏/飞机票 a bus/theatre/plane ticket 演出的免费入场券 free tickets to the show售票处；自动售票机 a ticket office/machine2. a label leibl that is attached to sth. in a shop/store giving details of its price, size, etc.(商店中标明货物价格、尺码等的)标签3. an official notice that orders you to pay a fine because you have done sth. illegal while driving or parking your car (交通违章)通知单，罚款单e.g. 违章停车/超速驾驶罚款单 a parking/speeding ticket4. usually sing. (esp. AmE) a list of candidates that are supported by a particular political party in an election(政党在选举中所支持的)候选人名单e.g. 他计划继续代表共和党参加 11 月份的选举。He plans to remain on the Republican ticket for the November election.IDM: just the ticket (AmE, BrE)=just the job (BrE) (spoken, approving) exactly what is needed in a particular situation 正需要的东西；求之不得的东西e.g. 那杯茶来得正好。That cup of tea was just the job.Vt. 1. (technical术语) to produce and sell tickets for an event, a trip, etc.; to give sb. a ticket售票；给门票；送票e.g. 旅客现在可以电子购票。Passengers can now be ticketed electronically.(electronic ilektrnik adj. ubn 1. (of a device装置)电子的；电子器件的 2. 电子设备的；电子器件的 electronically adv. 用电子方法；用电子装置 )2. usually passive (esp. AmE) to give sb. an official notice that orders them to pay a fine because they have done sth. illegal while driving or parking a car发出交通违章通知单e.g. 违章停车就可能收到罚款单。Park illegally, and youre likely to be ticketed.Phr.v. be ticketed for sth. (esp. AmE) to be intended for a particular purpose被指定为；被委派为ticketing n.u the process of producing and selling tickets售票 e.g. 售票系统 ticketing systems4. However, this does not always happen. Traffic police are sometimes very polite. 然而，情况并不都是这样，交通警有时也很客气。this 代指上句话所说的情况，即交通警一般都会给你罚款单。5. During a holiday in Sweden, I found this note on my car: Sir, we welcome you to our city. This is a No Parking area. You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street signs. This note is only a reminder. 有一次在瑞典度假，我发现我的车上有这样一个字条：“先生，欢迎您光临我们的城市。此处是禁止停车区。如果您对我们街上的标牌稍加注意，您在此会过得很愉快的。谨此提请注意。”1) note nut n., v.n.1. c a short piece of writing to help you remember sth 笔记，记录e.g. 请记下日期。 Please make a note of the dates.2. c a short information letter短笺；便条e.g. 她在厨房的餐桌上给杰克留了个便条。She left a note for Jack on the kitchen table.3. c a piece of paper money纸币e.g. 一张面值为5英镑的纸币 a 5 note4. c a short comment (n. kment 评论；注释；说明)on a word or passage in a book注释；按语批注 e.g. 参见第223页的注释16。 See Note 16 on p. 223.IDM: of note (formal) 1. of fame or importance 著名的，重要的 e.g. 有些(很有)知名度的作家 a writer of (some/great) note2. worth noticing or paying attention to 值得注意：e.g. 会上有值得注意的事情发生吗？Did anything of note happen at the meeting?take note (of sth.) to pay attention to sth. and be sure to remember it注意到；将铭记在心e.g. 牢记他说的话。Take note of what he says.留心一下天气状况。Take note of the weather conditions.v. (rather formal)1. to notice or pay careful attention to sth.注意；留意e.g. vn 请注意这位作家为达到戏剧效果而使用一般现在式的手法。 Note the way this writer uses the present tense for dramatic effect. ifekt（n. 结果；效果；作用；）v.+that 请注意，票的数量有限。Please note that there are a limited number of tickets.请注意这张账单必须在10天内付清。Please note that this bill must be paid within ten days. v+wh- 注意看他怎样操作这台机器，并想法子照他那样做。Note how he operates preitthe machine and try to copy him. (copy vt. 模仿；效法；仿效)2. to mention sth because it is important or interesting指出；特别提到e.g. 值得指出的是最成功的公司价格最低。It is worth noting that the most successful companies had the lowest prices.Phr. v. note sth. down to write down sth. important so that you will not forget it记录；记下notebook nutbuk n. 1笔记本(簿) 2.(also notebook computer)笔记本(电脑)；笔记本计算机laptop lptp n. 膝上型计算机；便携式电脑 noted adj. (for/as sth) well known because of a special skill or feature(以)见称，闻名，著名synonym: famous e.g. 著名的舞蹈演员 a noted dancer他没什么幽默感。He is not noted for his sense of humour.这个湖作为许多鸟类的栖息地遐迩闻名。The lake is noted as a home to many birds.notepaper (also writing paper) n. u 信纸；便笺notable nutbl adj. (for sth) 值得注意的；显著的；重要的e.g. 他的早期作品和后期作品之间有明显的差异。 There is a notable difference between his earlier and later writings. n. usually pl. 名人；重要人物e.g. 许多著名人士参加了招待会。 Many notables attended the reception risepn. (n. 1. 接待,接见;欢迎 2. 接待会;欢迎会;宴会C) notably adv. 1. 尤其；特别 synonym: especiallye.g. 这房子有很多缺陷，尤其是它的地点和价格。 The house had many drawbacks, most notably its location (lukein n. 位置；场所) and price.(drawback dr:bkn. 缺点；缺陷；不利条件)2.极大程度上；非常 synonym: remarkablye.g. 这个项目没有取得很大的成功。This has not been a notably successful project.2) No Parking原来是交通标牌上的一句话，在句中作area的定语。类似的由若干个词合成的词组型定语还有：a never-to-be-forgotten day (一个永远也不能忘掉的日子)，a well-to-do family(一个富裕的家庭)等。well-to-do adj. having a lot of money; rich 有钱的；富有的；富裕的e.g. 他们很阔绰。They are very well-to-do.3) area ri n. 1. c part of a place, town, etc., or a region of a country or the world(地方、城市、国家、世界的)地区，地域 e.g. 荒漠地区 desert dezt areas 农村/城市地区 rural/urban areas 内城区 inner-city areas(rural rurl adj. 乡下的;乡村的;农村的 urban :bn adj. 城市的；城镇的；都市的)60年前有一半法国人仍然生活在乡村地区。Sixty years ago half the French population still lived in rural areas.2. c a part of a room, building or particular space that is used for a special purpose(房间、建筑物、处所划为某用途的)地方，场地，区e.g. 旅馆接待处 the hotel reception area游戏场地；停车场 a play/parking area 3. c a particular place on an object (物体上的)区，部位：e.g. 你会注意到你的宝宝头顶上有两处柔软的地方。You will notice that your baby has two soft areas on the top of his head.4. c (of sth.) a particular subject or activity, or an aspect of it 领域；方面：e.g. 健身俱乐部是近年来发展迅速的领域。The big growth area of recent years has been in health clubs.语言教学领域的发展 developments in the area of language teaching5. c, u the amount of space covered by a flat surface or piece of land, described as a measurement 面积e.g. 三角形的面积the area of a triangle (trail n. 三角形)这个房间面积是12平方米。The room is 12 square metres in area.(square adj. 1. 正方形的；四方形的2. (用于数字后表示面积)平方)前花园的面积是多少？Whats the area of the front garden?4) sign n., v1. c, u (of sth) / (that) an event, an action, a fact, etc. that shows that sth. exists, is happening or may happen in the future迹象；征兆；预兆synonym: indication ,ndikein n. c, u (of sth/of doing sth / ( that) 表明；标示；显示；象征)e.g. 头疼可能是紧张的迹象。Headaches may be a sign of stress.(n. 1. u, c 精神压力；心理负担；紧张 2. u, c (on sth.) 压力) 哪儿都没有约翰的影子。There is no sign of John anywhere.她的工作出现了一些改进的迹象。Her