英语标点符号的使用(共40张)PPT课件.ppt

数字的写法数字的写法一、一、10以上的数目最好用阿拉伯数字。以上的数目最好用阿拉伯数字。二、二、不定数量、近似值不定数量、近似值用英语用英语单词单词表示较表示较恰当。恰当。Nearly thirty thousand voters took part in this election.about five miles per hour at least ten yards away I have warned you a hundred times 1.三、遇到日期、百分比、三、遇到日期、百分比、带单位的特带单位的特殊数字殊数字，通常用阿拉伯数字。通常用阿拉伯数字。a discount of 5 percent purchased 7 yards of carpet（买（买7码地毯）；码地毯）；most people can safely lose 2 pounds per week.2.四、句首和句末要尽量避免用阿拉伯数字不用四、句首和句末要尽量避免用阿拉伯数字不用阿拉伯数字阿拉伯数字。4thJulyisanimportantdateinAmericanhistory.ThefourthofJuly.19couplestookpartintheballroomdancingcompetition.Nineteencouplestook.60profitwasareportedSixtypercentprofit.五、遇到分数，可用带连字符的单词表示或者五、遇到分数，可用带连字符的单词表示或者直接用单词表示。直接用单词表示。One-half two thirds 3.How to listen to and write down numbers 1，000onethousandtenhundred4，500fourthousandfivehundredforty-fivehundred500，000fivehundredthousandhalfmilliononefourthpercent0.25%4.1,031,882,511onebillionthirty-onemillioneighthundredeighty-twothousandfivehundredelevenonethousandthirty-onemillion1,000,000,000onebilliononethousandmillionthefourandonehalfpercent4.5%sixteenandonehalfpercent16.5%onehalfofonepercent1/2*1%=0.5%5.Onefourthoftwopercent1/4*2%=0.5%6.NotesPunctuation7.Contents:句号（句号（Full Stop/Period）问号（问号（Question Mark）感叹号（感叹号（Exclamation Mark）逗号（逗号（Comma）冒号（冒号（Colon）分号（分号（Semicolon）连字符（连字符（Hyphen）破折号（破折号（Dash）引号（引号（Quotation Mark）8.句号（Full Stop/Period1.停顿前后的意群皆为独立的主谓宾结构，且停顿前后的意群皆为独立的主谓宾结构，且两个句子是意思不同的意群。两个句子是意思不同的意群。YettheInternethasthepotentialforgoodandbad./Onecanfindwell-organized,information-richwebsites.062.若前后两个分句在意思上是独立的，但两句若前后两个分句在意思上是独立的，但两句中间有连词连接，连词前仍然要用逗号。中间有连词连接，连词前仍然要用逗号。And,but,thus,so,yet,becauseThismadedoingbusinessmucheasier,/butpeoplestillfoundcoinsinconvenienttocarry.049.3.若两个小节虽然朗读上有停顿，但意思上却属若两个小节虽然朗读上有停顿，但意思上却属于完整的一句话，则停顿出没有标点，此情况一于完整的一句话，则停顿出没有标点，此情况一般出现在固定搭配，时间或条件从句以及定语从般出现在固定搭配，时间或条件从句以及定语从句等中。句等中。Theyalwayshavetoremindtheircustomers/ofthenameandqualitiesoftheirproductsbyadvertising.0710.用于陈述句、祈使句或用于陈述句、祈使句或表示客气的表示客气的问句后。问句后。用于某些缩略语、小数点之后。用于某些缩略语、小数点之后。Maywehearfromyousoon.Pleasetellmewhatyourfatheris.Prof.E.D.JohnsonwasgrantedPh.D.inDec.,2009.January/JanFebruary/FebMarch/MarApril/AprAugust/AugSeptember/SeptOctober/OctNovember/NovDecember/Dec11.1.逗号逗号（Comma）1）用在并列连词连接的两个并列词句之间，连词可）用在并列连词连接的两个并列词句之间，连词可说出，也可省略。说出，也可省略。Eg.I can read light,serious,amusing,or profound works of English authors.(词词)You can meet him at church,at school,or on the street.（短语）（短语）He was tired,so he took a rest.（并列分句）（并列分句）12.2）在复合句中，如果分句在前，主句在后，用）在复合句中，如果分句在前，主句在后，用在分句之后。在分句之后。WhileIwasmakingatelephonecall,someoneknockedatmydoor注意：如果主句在前，则不用逗号.3.用以分开非限制性定语从句与主句。用以分开非限制性定语从句与主句。Herfather,whoisafamousscholar,teachesEnglish.13.4.句首的的副词、时间状语、地点状语、不定时句首的的副词、时间状语、地点状语、不定时等形式后面一般需要逗号。等形式后面一般需要逗号。Intodaysbusinesswork,Inthepast,.5.小节内的插入语也需要用逗号，小节内的插入语也需要用逗号，Theidea,forexample,ofbeingapainteroramusicianmayseemveryattractive14.4.用在插入语前后。用在插入语前后。a.用在用在yes,no,sure,personally,probably,certainly,usually 或或in general,in the first place,in my opinion,in any case,as a matter of fact,strictly speaking 这类修饰语之后。这类修饰语之后。b.用在用在furthermore,similarly,accordingly,anyway,otherwise,above all,in the same way,in other words,in contrast 之后。之后。15.Eg.The thief,seeing the police,began to run away Plants,with enough water and sunshine,will grow fast.16.5）用在句末非限制性（解释性）分词（带状语）用在句末非限制性（解释性）分词（带状语性质）前面。性质）前面。Eg.He sat in a chair,reading papers.6）用在呼语后面或前面（呼语在句中时，前后）用在呼语后面或前面（呼语在句中时，前后都要用）都要用）Eg.John,come here./Come here,John.What,John,are you doing?17.6.用以分开星期，月日，年份。用以分开星期，月日，年份。OnSunday,May28,1989,herfirstchildwasborn.7.用以分开地名、省名、国名、街道名、巷弄名用以分开地名、省名、国名、街道名、巷弄名等。等。Candylivesat4Alley10,Lane76,ChingHuaStreet,Section4,Taipei,Taiwan.18.问号（Question Mark）用于疑问句或语气较委婉的祈使句之后。用于疑问句或语气较委婉的祈使句之后。用来表示存疑或无把握。用来表示存疑或无把握。用于陈述句之后表示用于陈述句之后表示疑问疑问。用于插入式问句表示用于插入式问句表示强调强调。Imtheonetobeblameforthemess?Hewassotiredisthattrue?thathewontcome.19.感叹号（Exclamation Mark）表示感慨、惊讶、命令、哀怨、赞赏、决心等。表示感慨、惊讶、命令、哀怨、赞赏、决心等。Howtimeflies！Bequiet!Oh!Fire!Pleaseleavealone!God,youvefinishedyourtask!20.冒号（Colon）1）.用在一个用在一个严肃的长的引语严肃的长的引语前（短的、及非正式的前（短的、及非正式的文体里，引语一般用逗号）文体里，引语一般用逗号）Eg.Bacon said:“Reading makes a full man.”2）.用在用在正式信函的称呼语正式信函的称呼语后（非正式信函称呼后用后（非正式信函称呼后用逗号）逗号）21.3）.用在用在总称总称之后，后面跟列举。之后，后面跟列举。Eg.He has many books:Hamlet,Paradise Lost,Gone with the Wind,and others.Weneedsevenpeople:threestudents,threeengineers,andaprofessor.22.2.用在较长的引用句或正式问句之前。(a)Thisismyfavoritequotation:“Itisdifficulttosaywhatisimpossible,forthedreamofyesterdayisthehopeoftodayandrealityoftomorrow.”(b)Thequestionis:Whatcanwedoforourcountry?23.分号（Semicolon）1）把没有连词连接而意思上都有联系的句子）把没有连词连接而意思上都有联系的句子连接起来。连接起来。Eg.He is a clever fellow;even his enemy admits it.2）把每部包含有逗号的两个句子连在一起。）把每部包含有逗号的两个句子连在一起。（此时不宜用逗号）（此时不宜用逗号）Eg.Dick is a generous,large-hearted person;but John,Mary and some of his friends are selfish people.24.3）用在连接两个主要子句的连接副词用在连接两个主要子句的连接副词(consequently,however,moreover,nevertheless,so,still,then,therefore,thus,etc.)之前。Eg.Hedidnotpasstheexamination;therefore,hewasunhappy.He studies hard;moreover,he has to work for his living.25.连字符（Hyphen）1）下面的合成词需用连字符。）下面的合成词需用连字符。a.合成名词合成名词 adj.+n.sick-pay,deaf-aid adj.+n.+er left-hander,two-timer v.+adv.Walk-up.Look-in n.+n.poet-artist,fellow-traveler26.b.合成形容词合成形容词 adj.+n.+ed good-natured,one-sided adj.+adj.red-hot,stony-cold adj.+pp.private-owned,new-made n.+pp.time-honoredc.包含两个词以上的合成形容词包含两个词以上的合成形容词 seven-year-old,science-fiction-like27.2）较长前缀后常加连字符，如）较长前缀后常加连字符，如 anti-,counter-.但要注意，但要注意，return,recover,reform 与与re-turn,re-cover,re-form 意思不同。意思不同。28.破折号（Dash）1）用来表示）用来表示句子没说完句子没说完。Eg.I think so,but.2）用在列举后面及总括性词如（）用在列举后面及总括性词如（these,such,all）之前。）之前。Eg.Corn,fruits,vegetablesthese are daily food.3）用来表示）用来表示不同的人说话不同的人说话。29.4）用在一个重复性同位语（又加上修饰语的前面）用在一个重复性同位语（又加上修饰语的前面或后面）或后面）Eg.It was a racea race against time.His sonhis only sondied.5）用在一个）用在一个名词及其同位语从句名词及其同位语从句之前。之前。Eg.Nobody can answer his questionwhen can we be happy and free?30.引号（Quotation Marks）引用事物的名称。引用俚语、反语、定义、词形等。引用对话。表示强调。Haveyoureadthenovel“Flying”?“Didyouhaveagreattimelastnight?”31.6.大写大写 1）句子的大写。）句子的大写。a.完整句子第一个词的首字母大写。完整句子第一个词的首字母大写。b.直接引语中第一个词的首字母大写。直接引语中第一个词的首字母大写。c.在动词在动词be后的完整句子的第一个词要大写。后的完整句子的第一个词要大写。Eg.The rule is:Start where you are and begin with what you have.d.在一系列问题中，如每个问句都有问号，则每句在一系列问题中，如每个问句都有问号，则每句开头都大写；如只有最后一句有问号，则只有开开头都大写；如只有最后一句有问号，则只有开头一句大写。头一句大写。Eg.What is it?Where does it come from?How can we get it?32.6）专有名词及组织机构的名称要大写。）专有名词及组织机构的名称要大写。7）著名事件（历史上或现代的）名称。）著名事件（历史上或现代的）名称。the Second World War8）时间名称）时间名称 Eg.Moday,September 26,200933.中英文标点符号的差异汉语中的某些标点符号为英语所没有。英语中没有顿号，分割句中的并列成分用逗号。如：Sheslowly,carefully,deliberatelymovedthebox.34.2.书名号（）：英文中书名、报刊名用斜体或者下划线表示。如：Hamlet 哈姆雷特Winters Tale/WintersTale冬天的童话The New York Times/TheNewYorkTimes纽约时报35.某些符号在汉英两种语言中的形式不同。某些符号在汉英两种语言中的形式不同。中文的句号是空心圈（。）中文的句号是空心圈（。）英文的句号是实心点（英文的句号是实心点（.）。）。英文的省略号是三个点（英文的省略号是三个点（.），位置在行底；），位置在行底；中文的为六个点（中文的为六个点（.），居于行中。），居于行中。英文的破折号是（英文的破折号是（）中文的是（中文的是（）36.相关练习相关练习1.My opinion is Nobody thinks himself a bad man2.To work to sleep and to play-all these are essential things in life3.Yiching the Philosophy of Change4.He is content he lives happily5.He has three wives one who married him 20 years ago a second who was a rich widow the third who has already married five times:.,.:;.:,;,;,.37.相关练习相关练习11.They ignored his request that everyone must be punctual12.He wrote a letter spoke with John listened to the report all at the same time13.He likes books travels pictures and money14.To be or not to be that is the question.Hamlet.15.Jimmy I must say shouldnt listen to the rumour-.,-.,.,-,.38.16.I do everything in addition I must not complain17.To earn more money the boy worked harder18.That city has been lost to the enemy was true19.John my brother William Shakespeare the greatest poet of England London the capital of England20.Outside the streets are wet;,.,.,.,;,;,.,.39.21.Such boys as you are not to be found elsewhere22.The war is over I am glad to say23.John is a young man honest kind and intelligent24.I asked a boy who kept silent25.I asked the boy who kept silent,.,.,.,.40.