高频短语（阅读课后用）.doc

II. 考试高频短语动词
高频词：break, bring, call, come, get, hold, pull, go, keep, look, make, put, run, set, take, turn;
次高频：cut, draw, fall, hand, leave, pick, give;
高频词
（1） break-phrases
●break away 突然离开，强行逃脱：
break away from the British Empire and become an independent country 摆脱大英帝国而成为一个独立的国家
●break down ★★
1. 损坏：Our car broke down.我们的车抛锚了。
2.（健康等）垮掉，崩溃：His health has broken down completely.他的健康已经完全垮了。
●break in/into
1.非法闯入，强行进入：
The burglars broke in and stole my money.窃贼破门而入偷走了我的钱。/ break into the room闯进房间
2.打断，插嘴：He broke in with some ideas of his own.他插话说明自己的观点。
●break off 中断，突然停止★：
He broke off to answer the telephone.他停下来去接电话。
●break out 爆发，突然出现★★：
The American Civil War broke out in 1861.美国内战于1861年爆发。
●break through★★
1.突围，冲破：It was a cloudy, but the sun broke through at last.原来是个阴天，不过最后太阳终于出来了。
2.取得突破性成就：We hope to break through soon in the fight against cancer.我们希望在与癌症斗争中很快有所突破。
●break up
1.打碎，粉碎： break up that box for firewood 把那个箱子劈开当柴烧
2.散开，驱散★★；分手：The crowd broke up.人群散开了。
3.中止，结束★：Meeting have been broken up.会议被迫终止。
（2）bring-phrases
●bring about 导致，引起★★：
his efforts to bring about a reconciliation between the two parties 他调和两党的努力
●bring around/round
1.说服，使信服： bring around a sizable majority of the committee说服委员会相当多的成员
2.使恢复知觉（健康）（同bring to）：It took a long time to bring him around.花了很长时间才使他恢复知觉。
●bring down ★★
1.使落下，打倒： bring down the enemy plane 击落敌机
2.降低，减少： bring down the temperature in the room 降低室内温度
●bring forth 产生，提出： bring forth good fruit 产生良好的结果
●bring forward ★★★
1.提前： bring the date of the congress forward a few months.将代表大会的日期提前几个月
2.提出，提议：bring forward a feasible proposal提出一项切实可行的建议
●bring off 使实现，做成：
bring a difficult task off 完成一件困难的工作
●bring on 引起，助长，促进：
More study should bring on your English.多花点时间定能使你的英语进步。
●bring out★★
1.出版，推出： bring out his works next month.下个月出版他的作品
2.使显出; 激起，引起：：Difficulties and hardships have brought out the best qualities of the young geologist.这个年轻的地质学家在艰难困苦中表现出卓越的品质。
Difficult conditions will sometimes bring out a man’s best qualities.困难的条件有时能把一个人最优良的品质发挥出来。
●bring through 使（病人）脱险，使安全度过(比come/pull through )：
He was very ill, but the doctor brought him through.他病得很厉害，但经医生治疗他已转危为安。
●bring to 使恢复知觉:
They poured water over her to bring her to.他们向她身上浇水，使她苏醒过来。
●bring up ★
1.养育，教养：be brought up in the city 在城市中长大
2.提出：bring up fresh evidence 提出新的证据
（3） callphrases
●call for
⒈ 邀约，叫（某人）来：John called for Mary to take her to the dance.约翰约玛丽到她家接她参加舞会。
⒉ 要求，需要★★★★call for immediate action 需要立即采取行动
●call in 叫…进来，招来:
I waited only two minutes before I was called in.我只等了两分钟，就被叫进去了。
●call off 取消★★：
The baseball game was called off because of rain.棒球赛因雨而取消。
●call on/upon★
1.访问，拜访： call on an old friend 拜访一个老朋友
2.号召，要求：call on the workers of the country to support the strike 号召全国工人支持罢工
●call up
⒈ 打电话： call up a friend just for a chat 打电话给朋友只为聊天
⒉ 召集：He was called up right at the beginning of the war.他在战争一开始就被征召入伍。
⒊ 使人想起★：The picture called up memories of our trip.这个照片使我们想起我们的旅行。
（4） come-phrases
●come about★★ 发生，产生：
Can you tell me how the accident come about？你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？
●come across ★★偶然遇见，碰上：
come across an old school friend in the street 在街上遇见一位老校友
●come along
1.出现，发生：“Is she married? ”“No, she says she is waiting for the right man to come along. ”“她结婚了吗？”“她说她在等待着意中人的出现。”
2.进步，进展：The work is coming along quite well.工作进展得相当顺利。
●come apart 破碎，崩溃：
The pot just came apart in my hand. 茶壶就在我手中裂开了。
●come around/round★
⒈苏醒,复原：Pour some water on his face--he'll soon come round.往他脸上泼些水——她很快就能醒过来。
⒉ 顺便来访：Do come round and see us some time..务必顺便来家坐坐。
●come by
1.得到，获得：Jobs are hard to come by these days.近来找工作很难。
2.访问，看望
●come down
1.（物价）下跌（见bring down）★★：The price of petrol is coming down.汽油价格在下跌。
2.落魄，潦倒：He had come to begging.他已沦为乞丐。
●come down to ★★可归结为：
It comes down to two choices: you either improve your work, or you leave.归结起来有两条出路：你或者改进工作，或者辞职。
●come in for 受到，遭到：
The government's economic policies have come in for much criticism in the newspapers.政府的经济政策遭到报纸的多方抨击。
●come off
⒈ 脱落，分开：When I tried to lift the jug, the handle came off.我刚一提这个罐，把儿就掉了。
⒉ 结果，表现★★★：The film doesn't quite come off.这部电影很不成功。
●come out
⒈ 出现，显露：The rain stopped and the sun came out.雨停了，太阳出来了。
⒉ 出版，发表★★★★：When is her new novel coming out? 她的新小说何时问世？
⒊ 结果是★★：Everything will come out all right.到头来一切都会好的。
●come through 经历…仍活着，安然度过：
He has come through two world wars.他经历过两次世界大战。
●come to
⒈ 苏醒 The doctor applied some medicine and he began to come to. 医生用药后,他恢复了知觉。
⒉ 总数为，结果是：I never expected those few items to come to so much.我想不到就那么几项合计起来竟要这么多钱。
3.涉及，谈到★★★★：When it comes to politics I know nothing.关于政治我一窍不通。
●come up
1. 出现，发生：A light breeze came up.一阵微风吹来。
2.走上前来：While we were talking a man came up. 我们正在谈话时,一个男人走了过来。
●come up against ★★偶然遇到，突然（意外）碰到（困难、反对等）(另见run up against)：
We expect to come up against a lot of opposition to the scheme.我们预计这个计划要遭到很多人的反对。
●come up to 等于，比得上，达到（标准）：
His performance didn't really come up to his usual high standard.他没有真正发挥出他平日具有的高水平来。
●come up with ★★★★提出，提供，想出：
She came up with a new idea for increasing sales.她想出了增加销售量的新注意。
（5） get-phrases
●get about (消息等)传开(同get (a)round) ★：
The word soon got about that George was going to England. 乔治要去英国的消息很快传开了。
●get across 解释清楚 ，使人了解★：
He got his meaning across. 他把意思讲清楚了。
●get along / on （with）
1.进展：How are you getting along with your job?你的工作进展如何？
2．与…相处（融洽）：They can’t get along together? 他们就是合不来。
3.生活，过活：get along on a small income 靠微薄的收入过活
●get around / round
1.（消息）传开：When word about this got around, people quickly headed for the spot. 当消息一传开，人们都上这个地方来。
2．（to）抽出时间来做（考虑）★★★★：I only got around to doing this a few days ago. 几天前我才抽出时间做这件事。
●get at
1.够得着，触及：Put the food where the cat can’t get at it. 把食物放在猫够不着的地方。
2.意指，意思是(同drive at)：What are you getting at when you look at me like that? 你那样看着我是什么意思？
3．查明，发现：get at the causes of crime找出犯罪的原因
4．指责：Who are you getting at? 你在攻击谁？
●get by
1.通过：I didn’t do too well on the exam, but I think I got by. 我考得不怎么好，不过我想可以勉强及格。
2.过得去,勉强过活：He gets by on very little money. 他靠着很少的钱过日子。
●get down
1.写下：get a message down把口信记下来
2.使沮丧：The wet weather is getting me down.这种阴湿天气使我打不起精神。
3.(to)开始认真处理，着手做★★★★：Let’s get down to the problem. 让我们开始解决这个问题吧。
●get into
1. 对…发生兴趣：I’m really getting into Jazz these days. 近来我喜爱上了爵士乐了。
2.卷入：get into trouble 陷入麻烦
3.(使)进入：get into a rage 勃然大怒
●get off
1.(从…)下来：She got off her bicycle and went into the house. 她下了自行车，走进了那所房子。
2.动身，出发：We got off immediately after breakfast. 我们吃完早餐就动身了
3.结束(工作),下班：Could you get off early tomorrow？明天你能早点下班吗？
4.逃脱惩罚：A good lawyer might be able to get you off. 一个好的律师有可能使你免受惩罚。
●get on
1.登上(车、船、飞机等)，骑上（马、自行车等）：I’ll hold your horse while you get on.你上马时我来牵住他。
2.（to）转入（某一话题）：Somehow, we got on to grandparents. 不知怎么的，我们谈起祖父母来。
3.（with）与…相处（融洽）：Our new manager is very easy to get on with. 我们的新经理非常随和。
4.进展，过活：How are you getting on these days？近来生活如何？
5.（with）继续：Get on with your homework.继续做你的作业。
●get out
1.(使)离开,退出,(使)逃脱，改掉：get out of a bad habit 改掉一个坏习惯
2.(消息等)泄露：Their secret got out. 他们的秘密泄露了。
●get over
1.克服，(从疾病、失望 )中恢复过来★★★★：get over a difficulty 克服困难/It took me a long time to get over my cold 过了好久我的感冒才好。
2．克服，解决（问题）★★★★：You will soon get over your shyness. 你会很快克服羞怯心理的。
●get through
1. 干完，结束，完成★★：I wish to get through the business quickly. 我希望赶快把这件事情办完。
2 .度过(时间)：She hardly knew how to get through the rest of the day. 她不知道怎样度过这一天的剩余时间。
3.(使)通过(客使),(使议案等)获得通过：The new law will never get through. 这项新法律永远通不过。
4.(将)讲清楚★：It’s difficult to get through to students who don’t want to learn. 要不愿学的孩子听懂是困难的。
5.接通电话：I rang you several times, but couldn’t get through. 我给你打了几次电话，但都没打通。
（6） go-phrases
●go about
1.着手做,处理,忙于★★：If you go about it in the right way, you’ll soon get it finished.你假如用正确的方法着手去做,很快就会完成。
2.(with)常…与交往：He goes about with a bunch of thugs. 他经常和一帮流氓厮混。
●go after 追赶， 追求：
Beware of men who go after fame and wealth.提防那些追逐名利的人。
●go against
1.反对，违背★★：I wouldn’t advise you to go against your father. 我劝你不要忤逆你的父亲。
2.对…不利：The case may go against you. 这案件可能对你不利。
●go ahead
1.进行：You go ahead and tell them that we will be there shortly. 你先走一步，告诉他们我们随后就到。
2.开始：Go ahead，we’re all listening. 开时讲吧，我们都听着呢。
●go around / round
1.流传：The infection went round the whole city. 这种传染病传遍了全市。
2.足够分配：Are there enough chairs to go round？ 椅子够坐吗？
3.(with)常…与交往：Why do you go round with such disreputable people? 你为什么和这些声名狼藉的人混在一起？
●go at
1.攻击：He went at a dog with a stick.他拿棍朝狗打去。
2.着手做,努力做：How are you going to go at the job？这项工作你将怎样着手进行？
●go back on 违背(诺言等) ★★：
Don’t go back on your words. 可别说了不算。
●go by 遵守,遵循,依据：
Mother goes by a pattern when she makes a dress. 母亲总是按照纸样缝制连衣裙。
●go down
1. 下降，减少,降低(同come down)：Prices are going down in the market. 市场价格在下降。
2. (船)沉没, (日)落：We sat and watched the sun go down. 我们坐着看日落。
3. (with)生…病：go down with flu 患流感
4. (well, badly)(不)受欢迎,(不)被接受：His joke went down badly with the audience.他的笑话不受听众的欢迎。
●go for
1.竭力想取得,选择：That’s the very book I was going for. 那正是我要找的书。
2.袭击：She went for him with a carving knife.她持切肉刀攻击他。
3.喜爱：I don’t go much for modern art. 我不很欣赏现代艺术。
4.适用于：What I said about him goes for you， too. 我说的关于他的话，也适用于你。
●go in for
1.从事，参加,致力于★★★★：The firm goes in exclusively for this class of goods. 该公司专门经营此类产品。
2.爱好,追求，沉湎于：Mary goes in for blue rather a lot. 玛丽很喜欢兰色。
●go into
1.进入,参加：go into a temper发脾气
2.开始从事：go into politics投身政治
3.研究，调查(look into)★★：We’ll need to go into the problem in more detail before we make any decision. 我们有必要在作出决定之前对这一问题做进一步的研究。
●go off
1.爆炸，开火,突然响起,发射★★：The gun went off by accident. 枪偶然走火。
2.(电等)中断,停止：Suddenly the lights went off. 灯光突然熄灭了。
3.不再喜欢：I’ve gone off beer.我不爱喝啤酒了。
●go on
1.继续，接着：If you go on like this, you’ll make big mistake some day.如果你再这样下去，势必会有一天要犯大错误。
2.进行,发生：That doesn’t go on in real life.这在现实生活中是不会发生的。
3.(时间)过去(go by)：As the weeks went on， still no letters arrived. 时间一星期又一星期地过去,但还是没有信来。
4.(灯)亮,开始运行：The lights goes on when it gets dark. 天黑时灯亮了。
●go out
1.外出：He went out unobserved. 他出去时没有人看见。
2.过时：Flared trousers went out years ago.喇叭裤多年以前就不时兴了。
3.(潮)退,(灯)熄灭,终止：The candle went out itself. 蜡烛自己熄灭了。
4.送出,公布,播出：Have the invitation gone out yet？请帖发出去没有？
●go over
1. 仔细检查，察看,审查★★：The teacher was going over the examination papers. 老师正在改卷子。
2. 复习，重做,重温：He went over his notes before the exam. 他在考试前复习了笔记。
●go through
1.经历，遭受★★：You will have to go through a severe test. 你得经受一次严峻的考验。
2.详细检查,查找,详细讨论：I’ve gone through all my pockets but I still can’t find my key. 我翻遍了所有的口袋，可是仍没有找到钥匙。
3.获得通过,被批准：The new law has gone through Parliament. 新法律已在议会通过。
4.(with)将…干到底(get through)：I can’t go through with this performance；I’m so nervous. 我完不成这场表演，我感到很紧张。
●go under
1.下沉，沉没：The ship struck upon a rock and soon went under. 船撞在一块暗礁上,很快就沉没了。
2.失败，破产：The firm has gone under. 这家商号经营失败。
●go up
1.上升，上涨，增长，增加(反do down)：If other costs go up, rents will be affected. 如果其他费用上涨，租金将会受到影响。
2.正在建设中，建立：How many houses have gone up this year? 今年兴建了多少房子？
3．炸毁，烧毁★★：The whole building went up in flames. 整座建筑在大火中焚毁。
●go with
1.跟…相配★★：These shoes doesn’t go with the dress. 这双鞋子与这身衣服不相称。
2. 与…相伴：A healthy mind goes with a healthy body. 健全的头脑来自于健全的身体。
3.附属于：The furniture goes with the house.家具是和这房子一起出售的。
●go without 没有，没有…也行★★★：
a clock that goes a month without winding 连续走一个月而不要上发条的钟
（7） hold-phrases
●hold back
1. 阻挡,抑制★★：The police hold back the crowd.警察拦住人群。
2. 踌躇，退缩：Don’t hold anything back, you must tell me everything.什么都不要隐瞒，你要把一切都告诉我。
3. 保守(秘密),隐瞒：He was holding back something back from me.他有什么事在瞒着我。
●hold down (=keep down)
1.阻止(物价等)上涨★★：The rate of inflation must be held down.通胀率必须控制在低水平。
2.压制,控制：Hold down that noise ，please.请把噪音弄轻些。
3.保持住(工作等)：Hold down a well-paid job.保持住报酬优厚的职位。
●hold forth 滔滔不绝地讲：
He held forth for hours on that subject.他一连几个钟头滔滔不绝地讲述那个问题。
●hold off
1.推迟,拖延：He tried to hold off making decisions.他试图推迟做出决定。
2.阻止,抵挡住：They held off the attacks of the enemy.他们抵挡住敌军的进攻。
●hold on
1.等一会,(电话)别挂断：Hold it on，please.请别把电话挂上。
2.继续，握住不放,坚持住：They hold on in spite of the snow.他们冒雪继续前进。
●hold on to/onto 紧紧抓住，坚持：
hold on to one’s principle坚持原则
●hold out
1.伸出：hold out one’s hands 伸出双手
2.维持，保持：The water won’t hold out much longer.水维持不了多久了。
3. 坚持(要求)，不屈服：hold out to the last 坚持到底
●hold over 延缓,推迟：
The matter was held over till the next meeting.这件事被推迟到下个会议解决。
●hold up
1. 支持,支撑：Don’t worry. The house will hold up.别担心，房子不会倒下来。
2.延迟,阻挡，使停止★★★：The storm held us up.暴风雨把我们给耽搁了。
3.展示,举出：The teacher held up excellent models of composition for his class to imitate.教师展出一些范文供学生仿效。
4. 抢劫，拦截：His automobile was held up in broad daylight.他的汽车在光天化日之下遭到了抢劫。
●hold with 赞成,赞同：
I don’t hold with excessive drinking and late hours.我不赞成酗酒和熬夜。
（8） keep-phrases
●keep at 继续做：
He kept at his diet faithfully.他不折不扣地坚持按规定食谱进食。
●keep back
1. 阻止，抑制：keep back youngsters from social evils.不让年轻人沾染社会恶习。
2. 隐瞒，保留：You are keeping something back from us.你对我们隐瞒了一些事情。
●keep down
1.压制，镇压，压低（声音）★：The military government tried to keepdown the revolutionaries. 军政府试图镇压革命者。
2.控制，抑制★★：keep down one’s anger按奈心头的怒火/ keep one’s weight down控制体重
●keep from 阻止，抑制：
The rain keeps us from going out这场雨使我们不能出门。
●keep off （使）不接近，（使）让开★★★★:
Draw the curtain to keep the sun off. 拉上窗帘，遮住阳光。
●keep on 继续进行，继续下去：
They kept on till the work was finished. 他们继续干下去，直到完成那项工作。
●keep to
1.遵守，信守★★：Keep to one’s promise信守诺言。
2.坚持：Keep to your task till you’ve finished. 望你坚持工作，直到干完为止。
●keep up
1.（使）继续下去，保持: Rain kept up all night.雨下了一整夜。
2. 使居高不下：The cost of raw material keep up. 原料价格坚挺。
●keep up with跟上★★：
keep up with the time 与时俱进/keep up with the rest of the class跟上班上的其他同学
（9） look-phrases
●look back 回顾，回头看：
I look back on those days as the happiest time of my life. 我回顾那些日子，把它看作是我生
活中最快活的一段时间。
●look down on/upon 看不起，轻视★★：
Just because they owned their own home and were slightly better off, they always looked down upon us as poor relatives. 只因为他们买了房产， 家境比较富裕，他们就把我们当作穷亲戚看不起我们。
●look forward to 期盼，期待：
I'm really looking forward to your party. 我 一心期待着你将举办的聚会。/ I'm looking forward to going to your party. 我一心盼望参加你举办的聚会。
●look in 顺便看望：
Thank you for looking in on me.谢谢你顺道来看我。/to look in on the party 在聚会上露面
●look into 调查，观察★★：
The police have received the complaint, and they're looking into it. 警方已收到投诉函件，
他们正进行调查。
●look on
1. 旁观，观看：
John took part in the games, but the rest of us just looked on. 约翰参加了游戏，其他人只
是一旁观看。
2. 看待：
Most people look on the government's promises with complete disbelief. 大多数人对政府所
作的诺言抱着完全不信任的态度。
3. 视作(与as连用)★★：
I look on him as a friend. 我把他当作一位朋友。
●look out 留神，注意，提防，警惕：
Look out! There's a car coming. 小心点！一 辆汽车开过来了。
●look over 检查，查看，调查：
They looked over every machine for possible repairs. 他们查看了每一部机器，看有什么需要 修理。
●look through 仔细查看，浏览，温习：
Look through this proposal for