英汉翻译实务第5讲.doc

 Unit 5
II、英汉翻译原理第三讲：怎样理解原文？（续）

　　二、要理解特殊语言现象的特殊含义：

　　【例36】 John is now with his parents in New York; it is three years since he was a high school teacher in Washington.

　　【译文】 约翰现在同父母一起住在纽约；他不在华盛顿当中学教师已有三年了。

　　【例37】 She didn‘t attend the meeting because she wanted to.

【译文】 她去开会并不是她自己想去。

　　【例38】 As a place to live, it left much to be desired. As a secret training base for a new plane, it was an excellent site, its remoteness effectively masking its activity.

　　【译文】 作为居住之处，这里有许多不足之处。但作为新型飞机的秘密训练基地，却是非常理想的。它地处边陲，人们不易了解其中的活动。

　　【例39】 The teacher didn‘t tell her students that in so many words, but obviously something about her attitude convinced them.

　　×老师没有用很多话把这种情况告诉学生，但她的某种态度显然使学生相信情况的确如此。

　　【译文】 老师没有把这种情况对学生明说，但她的某种态度显然使学生相信情况的确如此。

　　【例40】 If I am getting a free ride, how come I am so tired when I go home at the end of a shift?

　　×如果我是免费乘车的话，我上完一次班回家后怎么会那么累呢？

　　【译文】 如果我上班偷闲的话，我下班回家怎么会那么累呢？

　　【例41】 I am sorry I was a little short with you just now. I don‘t feel myself today.

　　×如果我刚才陪你的时间短了一些的话，我很抱歉。今天我自己也没有感觉到。

　　【译文】 刚才对你态度不好，我很抱歉。今天我身体有点不舒服。

　　三、要结合上下文语境进行理解：

　　【例42】 The financial implications of this resolution remain to be defined.

　　本决议对财政工作的意义尚待阐明。

　　【例43】 The tyrants might array their cruelty, but the people would oppose their bravery.

　　【译文】 暴君恣意肆虐，人民则奋勇反抗。

　　【例44】 Managers face a host of new business realities, such as changing patterns of employment that include an explosion of outsourcing and new alliances.

　　×管理人员面对的是商界前所未有的种种现实，诸如就业的模式不断变化 包括外购。重组等现象的猛增。

　　【译文】 管理人员面对的是商界前所未有的种种现实，诸如企业用工方式的不断变化 包括大幅度增加外部采办和新建联产单位。

　　III、课堂练习（正确理解以下各句，并在正确理解的基础上将其译成汉语）：

　　1. Let it deceive them, then, a little longer; it can not deceive them too much.

　　2. We shall never get anywhere with all the criticism and fault finding. I believe in the principle "Live and let live".

　　3. He said that no one could beat him at tennis, but he had to eat his word after losing several games.

　　4. I had read too many novels and had learned too much at school not to know a good deal about love.

　　5. In fact, one office-system expert recently said that he had yet to encounter a business work place that was functioning at more than 60 percent efficiency.

　　6. Nobody with any sense expects to find the whole truth in advertisement any more than he expects a man applying for a job to describe his shortcomings and serious faults.

　　7. There is probably no better way for a foreigner (or an Englishman) to appreciate the richness and variety of the English language than by studying the various ways in which Shakespeare used it.

　　8. We are human and human beings are far from perfect. To be human implies that we will make mistakes. But it‘s more than that we feel human. We now feel entitled.

　　IV、课堂练习参考译文：

　　1. 那就让这事再骗他们一会儿吧，无论怎样骗他们都不算过分。

　　2. 这一套批评挑剔的做法是行不通的。我相信“互相容忍”的原则。

　　3. 他说打网球没人打得过他，但输了几场之后，他只好承认自己说错了。

　　4. 我读过很多小说，在学校里所见所闻也不少，对于爱情自然就知道得很多。

　　5. 事实上，有位办公制度专家最近说过，他还没见到过有哪个办公场所的工作效率高于百分之六十。

　　6. 有头脑的人谁也不会指望求职者说出自己的缺点和严重过错，同样，也不会指望广告里说的全是真话。

　　7. 对于外国人（甚至包括英国人）来说，要欣赏丰富多采的英语，最好的办法也许就是学习莎士比亚使用英语的各种方法。

　　8. 我们是凡人，而凡人远非十全十美。作为凡人就是说我们会犯错误。但是，我们觉得自己是凡人不仅仅由于我们会犯错误。我们如今感到有权利犯错误。