九年级Unit4课文总结及同步练习题附答案2.docx

Unit 4Whatwould you do?(一)(学习目标)Language Goals 1. Talk about imaginary situations. (谈论一些假设的、虚拟的情况。) 2. Hypothetical Conditionals. (初步学习虚拟语气) 3. Give some advice with the target language. (使用虚拟句提出建议)(二)语言结构(Language Structures) 虚拟语气(掌握与现在事实相反或与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句)(三)目标语言(Target Language) 1. If I were you , Id wear a shirt and tie. 如果我是你，我就会穿衬衫打领带。 2. If I were you , Id take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我就带把伞。 3. What would you do if you won a million dollars ? 如果你赚了一百万美元，你会做什么？ 4. What if I dont know anyone ? 如果我一个人也不认识怎么办？ 5. You should eat lots of fruits and vegetable and drink lots of water. 你应该吃大量水果、蔬菜，大量喝水。 6. What are you like ? I think Im outgoing. 你的性格如何？我想我很外向。(四)Key phrases (重点词组) 1. won the lottery 赢得抽奖2. in public 公共的、公众的3. in the slightest 一点也；根本4. plenty of 很多的、足够的5. get along with 与相处6. let down 使失望、沮丧7. come up with 提出、想出(问题)8. medical research 医学研究9. what if 如果怎么办 10. be late for 迟到11. be nervous 紧张的12. get nervous (变得)紧张的13. take a long walk 散步14. ask ones permission 征求某人的许可15. without permission 没得到许可16. introduce oneself 自我介绍17. rather than 而不是18. a circle of good friends 朋友圈子(五)语法重点(Grammar Focus)虚拟语气1. 语气就是我们常说的说话人说话的口气:在汉语中，语气是由说话人说话的语调、情节等等表现出来的，动词没有任何变化。而在英语中，除了语调之外，最主要的是动词发生变化而表示不同的语气。在英语中语气分为三类：陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。2. 虚拟语气：如果我们所说的不是事实，也不是要求、命令、劝告等，而只是一种假设、愿望、建议或是一种实现不了的空想就用虚拟语气。3. 虚拟语气常用在条件句中，及其他一些从句中。 注意：条件句分两种，真实条件句和虚拟条件句。只有在虚拟(非真实)条件句中，才用虚拟语气，而在真实条件句中，要用陈述语气。 请比较： (1)If it is sunny tomorrow , well go to the zoo. 如果明天天气好，我们将会去公园。在这句话中，明天天气好是完全有可能实现的，并非虚拟、幻想，因此是真实条件句。在本句中，适用“主将从现。” (2)If I were you , I would go at once. (如果我是你的话，我立刻就走。)在这句话中，条件句，“如果我是你”，但事实上，我不可能成为你，这只是假设的情况，没有实现的可能。当条件实现的可能性很小，甚至可以说没有时，就需要用虚拟语气来表示，动词发生了变化。4. 在虚拟语气中，句子动词的时态比真实条件句中的时态后退一步 即： 现在时过去时(该用现在时时，用过去时) 过去时过去完成时(该用过去时时，用过去完成时) 将来时过去将来时(该用将来时时，用过去将来时) 过去将来时过去将来完成时(该用过去将来时时，用过去将来完成时) 在这一单元中，我们只要求初步接触虚拟语气的用法及结构，学习表示与现在事实相反的情况下如何体现虚拟语气。5. “表示与现在事实相反的情况”的虚拟语气 请看例句：If I were you , I would take a small present. 如果我是你的话，我就带上一个小礼物。 (注：在这个句子中，即“If I were you 中，一定用were ，而不能用was”) (这句话中，是与现在的事实相反，“现在如果我是你的话。”事实上，我不可能成为你，也就根本没有实现的可能)l 请大家注意主句与条件从句中动词时态的变化。从句(用过去时)主句(用过去将来时)If 主语主语l 注：虚拟语气中的were 除了在If I were you 的结构中不能改动外，其它情况下有时可用was。l 又如：If I won a million dollars , Id give it to charities. 如果我赢了一百万英镑，我要捐给慈善机构。 (在此句中，If条件句中，动词用过去式won，主句则用should / would 加动词原形。现实情况是我没赢一百万英镑；虚拟的情况是假如我赢了一百万，这种虚拟是不可能变成现实的，因此用虚拟语气。)6. 虚拟语气的疑问式，除了动词相应的变化外，其他变化与陈述语气相同 如： (1)What would you do if you were in the lions cage ? 如果你在狮子笼里，你会怎么做？ (疑问词在句首，主句中助动词提前，从句跟在主句后面。) If I were in the lions cage , Id call for help. 如果我在狮子笼里，我会大呼救命。 If I were in the lions cage. Id get out fast. 如果我在狮子笼里，我会迅速出来。 (2)What would you do if you won the lottery ? 如果你赢了抽奖，你会做什么？ Id give it to medical research. 我会用于医学研究。 Or Id put it in the bank. 我会存到银行。 Or If I were a millionaire , I would buy a big house in the country. 如果我是百万富翁，我就在乡村买座大房子。 关于虚拟语气，我们要学习的东西还有许多，同学们会在今后的学习当中，慢慢接触到。(六)Key points (疑难解析) bring的意思是把某人或某物“带来”，“拿来”，强调方向，即从别处拿到说话人这儿来。 e.g. Next time you come , bring me that book , please. 下次你来的时候，把我的书带来。 take的意思是把人或物“带走，拿走”，即从说话人这儿带到别处去。 e.g. Who has taken away todays newspaper ? 谁拿走了今天的报纸？ 另外，相似的词还有get 和fetch ，表示到某地找到某人或某物并带回来，强调一去一回。如：Go and get some water. 去弄点水来。Can you fetch me some paper? 你能给我取点纸吗？2. He might not know anyone at the party.他可能在晚会上谁也不认识。l might 的用法如下： (1)是情态动词may的过去式 eg. He said that I might borrow his bike. 他说我可以借他的自行车。 (2)是may的虚拟语气形式，不表示过去，而表示现在或将来“可以，可能”，但语气更委婉、客气，有时表示对可能性有所怀疑。如： a. Might I borrow your bike? 我可能借你的自行车吗？(语气比may更委婉) b. He might come today. 今天他可能会来。(对“他来”的可能性有所怀疑)3. What if “如果怎么办”、“即使又有什么关系？” 这是一个固定搭配，引导带条件从句的疑问句。如：What if they dont come? 他们不来怎么办呢？ What if I dont know anyone? 如果我一个人也不认识，怎么办呢？4. I get nervous before big parties. 在大的晚会之前，我会感到紧张。 get nervous 变得紧张，get是系动词，nervous 是形容词做表语。 又如：be nervous 或feel nervous 均可表达同样的含义。5. in public 公共的、公开的 eg. Lily is very shy , and she is afraid to speak in public. 莉莉很害羞，她害怕在公众场合讲话。6. ask ones permission 征求某人的同意。 without permission 没有得到许可。7. introduce vt. 介绍 introduce sb to sb. 把(某人)介绍给(某人) eg. Its my honor to introduce my teacher to everyone. 很荣幸，我把我的老师介绍给大家。 introduce oneself 自我介绍8. Sometimes you might annoy people because youre so confident. 有时候，你可能会激怒别人，因为你太自信了。9. You would also rather stay at home and read a good book than go to a party. 你可能宁愿呆在家里读书，也不愿去参加晚会。 rather than 宁愿也不(注：than与形容词比较级无关) rather , than 既可分开用，也可合在一起用，译成“而不是”如： (1)rather die than surrender 宁死不屈 (2)I , rather than you , should do the work. 该做这个工作的是我，而不是你。10. in the slightest 根本，一点也Social situations dont bother you in the slightest.社会环境根本影响(干扰)不了你。11. plenty of 充足的、大量的(+可数名词复数/不可数名词)12. enjoy the company of other people. 享受他人的陪伴13. a circle of good friends. 朋友圈子14. let sb down 使(某人)失望、沮丧15. come up with 提出问题【模拟试题】一. 写出下列词组 1. 一点也、根本不_ 2. 与相处_ 3. 使失望、沮丧_ 4. 如果怎么办_ 5. 赢得抽奖_ 6. 变得紧张_ 7. 征求某人的许可_ 8. 宁可也不_ 9. 迟到_ 10. 公共的、公众的_二. 补充完整下面虚拟语气的句子，(注意区分主句与从句的位置变化) 1. Id be a millionaire if _ 2. If I had more free time. _ 3. If I were you. _ 4. She would buy that if _ 5. If my house were on fire. _ 6. Id travel around the world if _ 7. If I could change one thing about my life. _ 8. I wouldnt do that if _ 9. If I could make three wishes. _ 10. I would be a better student if _三. 根据不同情境，首先判断这个情景是真实可能发生的，还是虚拟的，然后填空。 Situation A EXLE: Gao is a doctor, but if he were (be) a truck driver, he would have (have) very different skills. (Gao不可能是个卡车司机，因此这个情境是虚拟的) 2. Gaos wife is a doctor, too, but she is planning to change her career. If she_ (change)her career , she _ (study)to become a lawyer. Situation B 3. Antonieta is Brazilian, but she has lived in the United States and New Zealand, so shespeaks excellent English. If she _ (stay)in Brazil , her English _ (not) (be)so good. 4. However, Antoinette _ (speak) French too if she _ (move)to France nextyear. Situation C 5. Marys car is old. If it _(break down), she _ (buy)a new one. 6. Because Mary has a car, she has driven to school every day this term. But if she _ (not) (have) a car, she _ (take)the bus. Situation D 7. Marcia has applied to graduate school. She _ (start) school next fall if she_(get)accepted. 8. When Marcia was twenty-one, she quit school for several years to get married and raise afamily. If she _ (continue) her studies instead of raising a family, she _(begin)graduate school a long time ago. 四. 假设你现在在一个孤岛上，除了图中所示的物品，你一无所有，你该怎么办？完成下题。 Imagine you are on a desert island. You have nothing with you except these objects. Whatwould you do with them? If we were on a desert island, we would use this to _. We would _ with this . If we had this with us on the island, , we would use it to _. With this , , we _. And finally, we _ with this 五. 看图 What would you do if you were in prison? At least 5 sentences. 假设你在监狱里，你做些什么？【试题答案】一.1. in the slightest 2. get along with 3. let sb down 4. what if 5. won the lottery 6. get nervous 7. ask ones permission 8. rather than 9. be late for 10. in public二. Answers will vary. 答案可多种多样，但必须符合虚拟语气的结构 eg. Id be a millionaire if I won the lottery. 三. 2. changes ; will study (真实的) 3. had stayed ; would not be (虚拟) 4. will speak / moves (or would speak / moved)(真实或虚拟均可) 5. breaks down ; will buy (真实的) 6. did not have ; would take (虚拟的) 7. will start ; gets accepted (真实的) 8. had continued ; would have begun (虚拟)四. The objects are knife , sock , fishhook , rope , plastic bags. Answers will vary. 五. Answers will vary.