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1、四六级冲刺备考之写作经典句式(2) 三．表示对比和比较 在作文中，我们时常要对比和比较事物的各个方面，相同点，差异性，优势，劣势，不同的人所持有的观点，看法等等。我们可以使用以下的表达方式： [1] The advantages of cars far outweigh their disadvantages. 汽车的优点要远远大于其缺点。 [2] Like anything else, the Internet has its faults. 同其它任何事物一样，因特网也有它不足的地方。 [3] Evidently, this matter has both negativ
2、e and positive effects. 很明显，这件事既有积极的一面又有消极的一面。 [4] Compared with A，B... 同A相比，B ...... [5] There is a striking contrast between them. 两者之间有着显著的差别。 [6] A bears some resemblances to B. A和B之间有一些相似之处。 [7] A and B differ in several ways. A与B在以下几个方面不同。 例如： Compared with cars，bicycles have sev
3、eral advantages besides being affordable. Firstly，they do not consume natural resources like petroleum. Secondly，they do not cause pollution. Last but not least，they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise. 【注】这段话比较了自行车同汽车的差别，说明了自行车的三个优势，使用了句型Compared with…, … have sever
4、al advantages…. Firstly … Secondly… Last but not least ... 四．批驳别人的观点 [1] It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out. ...…确实如此，但是其中有重要一点被遗忘了。 [2] There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact. 这些论断确实有其正确的一面，但是他们忽略了一个重要的事实。 [3] Some peopl
5、e say ..., but it does not hold water. 有些人认为…，但这并不是能站住脚的。 [4] Many of us have been under the illusion that... 我们当中很多人存在幻想认为...... [5] A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is. 只要认真思考就能发现这一论断有多么可笑。 [6] It makes no sense to argue for ... 争论......毫无意义。 [7] Too much stres
6、s placed on ... may lead to ... 给......太多的压力可能会导致...... [8] Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that ... 这样的论断主要基于这样的一个假设...... [9] Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ... 同大家普遍接受的观点不同，我认为...... [10] No one can deny the fact that ... 没有人能够否定这个事实...... [11] The id
7、ea is hardly supported by facts. 事实很难证明这样的观点。 [12] Unfortunately, none of the available data 一．开头部分 作文的开头除了要引出话题外，还有一个重要的任务就是要吸引评卷老师的注意力。所以作文的开头我们要尽量突破常规，与众不同。以下是一些经典的作文开头常用句式： ★1. 对立法 对立法就是先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者倾向于某一看法,适用于有争议性的主题。 [1] When asked about... , the vast / overwhelming majority of
8、 people say that... But I think / view a bit differently. [2] When it comes to ... , some people believe that ... Others argue / claim that the opposite / reverse is true. There is probably some truth in both arguments / statements, but I tend to... [3] Now, it is commonly / generally / widely bel
9、ieved / held / acknowledged that ... They claim / believe / argue that ... But I wonder / doubt whether ... ★2. 现象法 现象法就是首先引出要剖析的现象或者问题,然后评论。 [1]Recently the problem of (phenomenon of) ... has cause / aroused public / popular / wide / worldwide concern. [2] Recently the issue of the problem of
10、 / the phenomenon of ... has been brought into focus. (has been brought to public attention) [3] Inflation / Corruption / Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now. ★3. 观点法 观点法就是开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法。 [1] Never in history has the change of
11、 … been as evident as... Nowhere in the world / China has the issue / idea of ... been more visible / popular than... [2] Now people in growing / significant numbers are beginning / coming to realize / accept / (be aware) that... [3] Now there is a growing awareness / recognition to the necessi
12、ty to... Now people become increasingly aware / conscious of the importance of... [4] Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude / idea that… ★4. 引用法 引用法就是先引出名人，名言或者有代表性的看法,从而引出文章要展开论述的观点。 [1] “Knowledge is power,” said by Bacon. This opinion has been shared by more and more peop
13、le. “Education is not complete with graduation.” This is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion. [2] “...” How often we hear such statements / words like those. ★5. 比较法 比较法是通过对过去,现在两种不同的倾向及观点的比较,引出文章要讨论的观点。 [1] For years ... had been viewed as
14、 But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ..., people ... [2] People used to think that ... (In the past ...) But people now share this view. ★6. 故事法 这种开头方法是先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣,进而引出文章的主题。 [1] Once in a newspaper, I read of / learnt.... The phenomenon of ... has aroused public
15、concern. [2] I have a friend who ... Should he....? Such a dilemma we often confront with in our daily life. [3] Once upon a time, there lived a man ... This story may be (unbelievable), but it still has a realistic significance now. ★8. 问题法 问题法是先用疑问句的形式设问,引出自己观点,适用于有争议性的话题。 Should / What...?
16、 Options of ... vary greatly, some ..., others ... But in my opinion... 二．表示原因 我们在作文当中经常要解释所讨论的问题的原因，有时该问题的原因还会包括很多方面，需要我们分别阐述。我们可以使用下面所列出的句型来表明事情的原因： [1] This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons. First, … Second, … Third, … 这一现象的存在是有许多原因的。首先, ...... 第二，...... 第三，...... [2] Why did… ?
17、 For one thing… For another…. Perhaps the primary reason is… 为什么会......? 一个原因是...... 令一个原因是...... 或许其主要原因是...... [3] I quite agree with the statement that… the reasons are chiefly as follows. 我十分赞同这一论述，即......，其主要原因如下: [4] A number of factors are accountable for this situation. 这一情况有这样几个原因。
18、 [5] A number of factors might contribute to / lead to the phenomenon / problem. 一些原因可能导致了这一现象 / 问题。 [6] The answer to this problem involves many factors. 这一问题的原因包括很多因素。 [7] The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that... 这一现象主要是因为这样一个事实… [8] The factors that contribute to this situation inc
19、lude... 导致这一现象的原因可能包括…… [9] The reason for this is not far to seek. For one thing … For another … 问题的原因并不难寻。其一 …… 其二 …… 例如： There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life. Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved. Secondly，most people are well paid
20、and they can afford what they need or like. Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life. 【注】这段文字说明了我们的生活发生变化的原因，使用了句型there are three reasons for ... Firstly ... ; Secondly… ; Last, but not least … 一目了然，清晰明确。 三．表示对比和比较 在作文中，我们时常要对比和比较事物的各个方面，相同点，差异性，优势，劣势，不同的人所持有的观点，看法
21、等等。我们可以使用以下的表达方式： [1] The advantages of cars far outweigh their disadvantages. 汽车的优点要远远大于其缺点。 [2] Like anything else, the Internet has its faults. 同其它任何事物一样，因特网也有它不足的地方。 [3] Evidently, this matter has both negative and positive effects. 很明显，这件事既有积极的一面又有消极的一面。 [4] Compared with A，B... 同A相比，B
22、 ...... [5] There is a striking contrast between them. 两者之间有着显著的差别。 [6] A bears some resemblances to B. A和B之间有一些相似之处。 [7] A and B differ in several ways. A与B在以下几个方面不同。 例如： Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable. Firstly，they do not consume natural reso
23、urces like petroleum. Secondly，they do not cause pollution. Last but not least，they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise. 【注】这段话比较了自行车同汽车的差别，说明了自行车的三个优势，使用了句型Compared with…, … have several advantages…. Firstly … Secondly… Last but not least ... 四．批驳别人的观点 [1] It i
24、s true that ..., but one vital point is being left out. ...…确实如此，但是其中有重要一点被遗忘了。 [2] There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact. 这些论断确实有其正确的一面，但是他们忽略了一个重要的事实。 [3] Some people say ..., but it does not hold water. 有些人认为…，但这并不是能站住脚的。 [4] Many of us have be
25、en under the illusion that... 我们当中很多人存在幻想认为...... [5] A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is. 只要认真思考就能发现这一论断有多么可笑。 [6] It makes no sense to argue for ... 争论......毫无意义。 [7] Too much stress placed on ... may lead to ... 给......太多的压力可能会导致...... [8] Such a statement mai
26、nly rests on the assumption that ... 这样的论断主要基于这样的一个假设...... [9] Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ... 同大家普遍接受的观点不同，我认为...... [10] No one can deny the fact that ... 没有人能够否定这个事实...... [11] The idea is hardly supported by facts. 事实很难证明这样的观点。 [12] Unfortunately, none of the av
27、ailable data shows ... 很不幸的是，没有数据能够证明...... [13] There is sufficient evidence to show that ... 有足够的证据表明...... [14] It was obvious that… 很显然, …. [15] It may be true that…, but it doesn’t mean that… 可能 ...... 是对的，但这并不意味着 ...... [16] It is natural to believe that… , but we shouldn’t ignore
28、that… 认为 ......是很自然的，但我们不应忽视 ...... [17] There is no evidence to suggest that… 没有证据表明 ...... 五．描述图表 [1] As is shown in the graph… 如图所示 ...... [2] The graph shows that… 图表显示 ...... [3] As can be seen from the table,… 从表格中可以看出 ...... [4] From the chart, we know that… 从这张表中，我们可知
29、 ...... [5] All these data clearly prove the fact that… 所有这些数据明显证明这一事实，即 ...... [6] The increase of …. in the city has reached 20%. ...... 在这个城市的增长已达到20%。 [7] In 1985, the number remained the same. 1985年，这个数字保持不变。 [8] There was a gradual decline in 1989. 1989年，出现了逐渐下降的情况。 [9] It has
30、increased（decreased）from...to... 从 ......下降 / 增加到 ...... [10] The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000． 这座城市的人口现在下降 / 增加到800000人。 [11] The output of July in this factory increased by 15％ compared with that of January 同一月份相比，这个工厂七月份的产量增加了15%。 六．结尾部分 英语作文多以简要总
31、结全文或对所讨论的问题提出解决办法来结尾。我们可以参考以下的结尾时常用句式。 [1] Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that… 把所有这些因素加以考虑,我们自然会得出结论 ...... [2] In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up. 总之，如果我们继续忽视以上问题的话，更多的问题就会出现。 [3] Hence
32、 / Therefore, we’d better come to the conclusion that ... 因此，我们最好得出这样的结论 ...... [4] There is no doubt that (job-hopping) has its drawbacks as well as merits. 毫无疑问，跳槽有优点也有缺点。 [5] All in all, we cannot live without… But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems
33、that would arise. 总之，我们没有 ...... 是无法生活的。但同时，我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题。 [6] From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that ... 从以上的讨论，我们得出了如下结论...... [7] It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop ... 现在该是我们采取严格措施来阻止......的时候了。 [8] It is high time that we put a
34、n end to the (trend). 该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了。 [9] It is time to take the advice of ... and to put special emphasis on the improvement of ... 该是采纳 ...... 的建议，并对...... 的进展给予特殊重视的时候了。 [10] There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of ... 毫无疑问，对 ......问题应予以足够的重视。 [11] Obviously .
35、 If we want to do something..., it is essential that... 显然，如果我们想做某事,很重要的事情是要...... [12] Only in this way can we... 只有这样，我们才能 ...... [13] Whether it is good or not / positive or negative, one thing is certain / clear... 不管好/坏，积极/消极，有一点是明确的...... [14] We might do more than identify the cause ; it is important to take actions to ... 我们要做的不仅仅是找到原因，更重要的是...... 6
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