常用句子跟短语.doc

一、 作文开头
万能句
1、With the development of technology and science,随着科学技术的发展（后面一定要接句子，不能单独使用）
With the growth \progress of technology and science= Coincident with the advancement of science and technology.
2、Considering the worsening situation in China, attention must be poured into protecting the environment.(考虑到中国越来越坏的情况，环境保护需要引起更多的重视。)
3、The first five years of the new century witnessed the increasing development of China.(本世纪的头五年见证了中国的快速发展。) As the global economy grows at a fever pitch,……
4、Coincident with the fast growing national economy, there exists an unfavorable and prevalent phenomenon in China.
5、There are growing concern for ……
6、In recent years, it is common to see\hear that ……
7、There is a general tendency that……（有一种趋势）

二、 作文内容的陈述
结构in the first place/ secondly/ on top of that

以下手段是增加句子复杂性的常见方法，也是得高分的“亮点”。
1.改变句子的开头方式，不要一味地都是主语开头，接着是谓语、宾语，最后再加一个状语。可以把状语置于句首，或用分词做状语等。
〔原文〕We met at the school gate and went there together early in the morning.
〔修正〕Early in the morning we met at the school gate and went there together.
〔原文〕The young man couldn’t help crying when he heard the bad news.
〔修正〕Hearing the bad news， the young man couldn’t help crying.
2在整篇文章中，避免只使用一两个句式，要灵活运用诸如倒装句、强调句、主从复合句、分词状语等。
①强调句
〔原文〕I met him in the street yesterday.
〔修正〕It was in the street that I met him yesterday.
        It was yesterday that I met him in the street.
②由with或without引导的短语。如:
He sat in a chair with a newspaper in the hand.
③分词短语。如:
Satisfied with the result，He decided to go on with a new experiment.
④倒装句。如:
Only in this way can we achieve our goal.
Never before have I seen such a wonderful film.
Not only should we study in the college, but also learn how to be a decent person.
⑤省略句。如:
If so，victory will be ours.
You can make some changes wherever necessary.
3.通过分句和合句，增强句子的连贯性和表现力。
〔原文〕He stopped us half an hour ago. He made us catch the next offender.
〔修正〕He stopped us half an hour ago and made us catch the next offender.
〔原文〕We had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced.
Some told stories. Some played chess.
〔修正〕After a short rest， we had great fun singing and dancing， telling jokes and playing chess.注意使用不同长度的句子，要结合使用，不能只用短句或只用长句。
4.学会使用过渡词。如:
①递进: then(然后)， besides(还有)， furthermore(而且)， moreover(此外)等。
②转折: however(然而)， but(但是)， on the contrary (相反)， after all(毕竟)等。
③总结: finally(最后)， at last(最后)， in brief(总之)， in conclusion(最后)等。
④强调: indeed(确实)， certainly(一定)， surely(确定)， above all(尤其)等。
⑤对比: in the same way(同样地)， just as(正如)， on the one hand…on the other hand(一方面……另一方面……)等。
相似的比较： similarly, in the same manner 相反的比较： on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …,

5.注意使用词组、习语来代替一些单词，以增加文采。如:
〔原文〕A new railway is being built in my hometown.
〔修正〕A new railway is under construction in my hometown.
6.避免重复使用某一单词或短语。如:
〔原文〕I like reading while my brother likes watching television
〔修正〕I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television.
            I like reading while watching television appeals to my brother.
三、 结尾
1、 All in all, what really matters is, in fact, that……（比如说到和谐社会 All in all, what really matters is, in fact, that we should build our society a harmonious society.）
2、 Therefore, it’s not difficult to draw a conclusion that……
3、 As a result , we should take effective measures to do sth.（我们必须采取一些有效的措施来做些什么）
4、 From what has been discussed above , we may conclude that ……
5、 Obviously（此为过渡短语）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.
四、 一些用法
1、 陈述个人的观点
It is alleged that(据说)
In my view, both sides are partly right(两方面都部分的正确)
As far as I am concerned(就我而言)
As regards to me
My own point of view is that……
Personally, I believe that……
My experience tells me that……
The invention of the handset, I dare to say, turns out to be a tremendous hit.
The application of web sites, I dare to say, turns out to be a greatly hit.
It comes as no surprise that Chinese economy becomes increasingly hot.

2、 陈述别人的观点
Other individuals, however, take the attitude that……
（错误的观点）sb is under the false belief that……

3、 图表作文
The table shows\indicates\ reveals that ……（表明、暗示、揭示）
According to the statistics showing in that graph, we can easliy see\found……（根据表中的数据，我们可以看见，发现）
As seen from the chart/ As is portrayed in the picture
Sales went into a slight decline=sales declined slightly(小幅下降)
Sales declined dramatically/sharply/greatly/hugely (大幅下降)
A brief glimpse at our campus (the picture/cartoon/caricature) vividly shows that mobile phone, becoming more and more prevalent.

五、好的替代
the machine\the device 代替 computer
handset代替 cell phone
*The Middle Kingdom代替 China
intensely\crucially important代替 very important (it is crucially important that the benefits of collective be on our priority.)
approaches代替 ways
current(currently) 代替 now
growing individuals代替 more and more people
individuals/ characters/ folks 代替 people, persons
positive, favorable, rosy(美好的), promising(有希望的), perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, 代替 good
unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 代替 bad
an army of, an ocean of, a multitude of 代替 many, a lot of
take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 代替 think
affair, business, matter 代替 thing
for my part, from my own perspective 代替 in my opinion
beneficial, rewarding 代替 helpful
exceedingly, extremely, intensely 代替 very
pour attention into代替 pay attention to
bear in mind that代替remember
enjoy, possess代替 have
to name only a few/ as an example代替for example/ instance

六、 常用短语
老年人the old\elderly\ aged\ elderly population\ senior citizens
年轻人youth\youngster\ young adults\ adolescent
中年人middle adults
网吧cyber café    网虫mouse potato     电视迷couch potato
优秀的学生outstanding/superior/rare/top students
坏的影响ill effects
农村rural 郊区suburban 城里urban
在当代社会in contemporary society
双赢a win-win situation 双输 a lose-lose situation
建设有中国特色的社会主义build socialism with Chinese characteristics ,form a economic system with Chinese characteristics
七、 写信中
I would appreciate it very much If you ……
I am thrilled to receive your mail.
Looking forward to a prompt response.
八、 好的短语
1、 have growing respect for 越来越重视
Coincident with the fast growing economy, China has growing respect for protecting the environment and controlling population. 随着经济的迅速发展，中国也越来越重视环境保护和控制人口了。
2、 enable sb to do sth （使某人可以做某事）
It enable us to build a harmonious society.
3、 另外 In addition/ Additionally/ on top of that
Additionally, there is another reason for the appearance of this phenomenon.(现象)
九、 好的句子
The real power resides in the people.(真正的权力属于人民)
We must fight against the bureaucracy in order to improve governmental work.(为了提高政府部门的工作效率，我们必须与官僚作风作斗争。)
Litter by little, our knowledge will be enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened.(慢慢的，我们的知识会充实，我们的视野会开阔。)
As a classic proverb goes that no garden has no weeds.(常言道，任何事物都有两面的。)也可以用 every sword has two edges. Everything has both dark sides and bright sides.
Taiwan is an integral part of China.(台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。)
十、 最简单的格式
Coincident with the fast growing national economy, there exists an unfavorable坏的现象 (favorable好的现象) and prevalent phenomenon in China. It is estimated that (相关数据，例如：eight out of ten individuals possess a handset十个人中有八个有手机了).
Why have there been so many (某种现象)? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. Firstly /in the first place (原因一). Besides,/secondly (原因二). On top of that/additionally (原因三). the main cause of (某种现象) is due to (最主要原因). It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing, (解决办法一). On the other hand, (解决办法二). All these measures will certainly reduce the number of (某种现象).
All in all, what really matters is, in fact, that……（比如说到和谐社会 All in all, what really matters is, in fact, that we should build our society a harmonious society.）

Many senior middle school students devote a large slice of their leisure time to playing web games./ to planted themselves in front of the computer.

Those days when the cell phone, initially a brick shape item, was the source of the pride of the rich, are something of the past.
Those days when the car, initially a tool only for authorities, are long gone.

There has been an unshakable truth for most people that academic degree and one’s ability is complementary each other.

One sad fact about human nature is that we don’t seem to appreciate what we have till it’s gone.

Computer can function in disserve of human beings, in a way, especially violence, AV-films, porn pictures.
Private cars also function in the disserve of human beings, especially pollution ,consumption of energy and traffic.

As a classic proverb goes that no garden has no weeds. Computer do play a positive role in the development of people’s lives, despite a slice of unfavorable impacts. We should ,therefore, take advantage of the fruits and avoid the opposite facet/aspect.

阅读理解中
subjective（主观） subjective（客观）
should后面是观点，重点把握
完形填空
选不出来就填转折，关注第一句话，定语从句，which 后面的信息很重要，用副词开头，后面是专家或作者的观点（情态动词也一样）