AnalysisofpovertyorinequalityinONEdevelopingcountry.doc

提供essay范文-Analysis of poverty or inequality in ONE developing country-关于发展中国家贫穷与不平等的分析-There is an almost endless list of factors that may be associated with being poor as there are too for the extent of inequal

26. Analysis of poverty or inequality in ONE developing country
Description
There is an almost endless list of factors that may be associated with being poor as there are too for the extent of inequality. This project focuses on the microeconomic factors, such as unemployment, sector and occupation, retirement or old age, family composition, illness or disability, skilhttp://www.ukassignment.org/essayfw/19172.htmlls, differences between geographical areas, between men and women, or people of different races.
You should seek to examine the relative importance of some of these factors in order to analyse the nature of poverty and/or inequality in a particular developing country.
NB: This is one of several development related topics (see 23,24,25 and 26)

Method
You need to first decide which country you would like to analyse. There are many possibilities as most countries have large household survey datasets on-line which we can download for free. Previous students have worked on Brazil, Pakistan, Tanzania and Vietnam. The first step will be to prepare the data so that you can analyze it. This will vary by dataset, and can be a long and time consuming process, so do not underestimate it.
You then need to decide if you are focusing on poverty or inequality.
There are several steps
• What indicator will you use: e.g. income or expenditure? If you analysing poverty, how will you define poverty – in a relative or absolute sense, and where will you draw the poverty line? For either poverty or inequality, how will you take account of economies of scale and differences in need between households? Two households with the same income level but comprised of say, a single adult in one and two adults and four children in the other, should probably not be treated as the same.
• You should then calculate a set of summary measures of poverty/inequality, to give an idea of the extent of the issue, followed by descriptive statistics of the sample: proportions that fall into different categories (employment, occupation, sector, education, family size and composition, age, gender, region etc), as well as poverty/inequality statistics for these groups. This can all be done in STATA using a set of existing programs.
• The next step is to estimate a model that might explain some of the variations in income or expenditure levels. You are aiming to investigate the significance, sign and size of the relationship between some plausible explanatory factors and the welfare indicator you have chosen e.g. income or expenditure per capita.
• If you have chosen poverty you will most likely estimate a probit model where the dependent variable takes values of 0 if not poor, and 1 if poor. Alternatively you could use the poverty gap as your dependent variables.
• For inequality, you might want to use natural log of income (or expenditure) as your dependent variable. log(yi)=a+biXi + ei where the X’s are the set of household characteristics. These may include characteristics of the household head: age, gender, race, education, employment status, marital status; broader household characteristics: household size, dependency ratio; and spatial variables: regions, or urban and rural for example. (责任编辑：代写essay)

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