何凯文2012年四六级冲刺讲义.doc

2012年文都大学英语四六级冲刺讲义
主讲人 北京外国语大学 何凯文
一．Listening Comprehension：
Part 1 .Short Conversation
几种思维
1．  主题思维：上文提到一件事情（用一般疑问句进行提问），这就是对话主题。下文是肯定或者是否定的回答。掌握肯定和否定的表达方法。
2．  否定思维：评价性否定；事实性否定；邀请性否定
3．  听到什么不选什么的思维：安全感的获得
例题：Eg1. A) Taking photographs .B) Enhancing images.
C) Mending cameras. D) Painting pictures.
听力原文： W: Do you let people know when you're taking pictures of them?
M: I try not to. You know any picture of a person who poses for the camera would look dull and unnatural.
Q: What are the speakers talking about?
Eg2 . A) Get some small change. B) Find a shopping center.
C) Cash a check at a bank. D) Find a parking meter.
听力原文：M: Excuse me, do you have change for a ten-dollar note? I need to pay the parking meter.
W: I'm sorry, but I think you can get it through the money changer in the shopping center across the street.

Q: What is the man trying to do?
Eg3 .A) Shopping with his son. B) Buying a gift for a child.
C) Promoting a new product. D) Bargaining with a salesgirl.
听力原文：M: Can you recommend something that a school boy of 7 or 8 will really like?
W: I'd suggest this toy train, sir. It's an excellent brand, very popular all over the world these days.
Q: What is the man doing?
Eg4. A) He moved to Baltimore when he was young.
B) He can provide little useful iformantion.
C) He will show the woman around Baltimore.
D) He will ask someone else to help the woman.
听力原文
W: I need to talk to someone w ho knows Baltimore well. I'm told you lived there.
M: Oh, but I was really young at the time.
Q: What does the man mean?
Eg5. A) He is rather disappointed. B) He is highly ambitious.
C) He can’t face up to the situation. D ) He knows his own limitations.
15.W: Aren't you disappointed that you didn't get the promotion?
M: Maybe a little, but I know I need more experience before I'm ready for that kind of responsibility.
Q: What do we learn about the man from this conversation?
Eg6. A) She bought a new set of furniture from Italy last month.
B) She sold all her furniture before she moved house.
C) She plans to put all her old furniture in the basement.
D) She still keeps some old furniture in her new house.
听力原文：M: Did you really give away all your furniture when you moved into the new house last month?
W: Just the useless pieces, as I’m planning to purchase a new set from Italy for the sitting room only.
Q: What does the woman mean?
Eg7. A) He has got a heart attack. B) He was badly hurt.
C) He was unharmed. D) He has fully recovered from the shock.
听力原文：W: Were you hurt in the accident?
M: I was shocked at the time, but wasn't hurt at all. My bike was totally damaged though.
Q: What do we know about the man?
Eg8. A) John Smith isn't in right now.
B) John Smith can't come to the phone right now.
C) John Smith doesn't want to speak to the caller.
D) The caller dialed the wrong number.
Part 2.long conversation
一、抓住首尾句
　 【预览选项】
　　[A] To go sightseeing.　　[B] To have meetings.
　　[C] To promote a new champagne.　　[D] To join in a training program.
　　【边听边选】
　　M: Hi, Ann, welcome back. How’s your trip to the states?
　　W: Very busy, [19]I had a lot of meetings. …
19. Why did the woman go to New York?
二、留意对话中的一问一答
　　【预览选项】
[A] Data collection.　　 [B] Training consultancy.
[C] Corporate management.　　[D] Information processing.
　　【边听边选】
　　W: What’s your line of business, Mr. Johnson?
　　M: We are a training consultancy.
　　25. What is the man’s line of business?
Part 3.Passages
【预览选项】
29. A) Michael’s parents got divorced. B) Karen was adopted by Ray Anderson.
C) Karen’s mother died in a car accident .D) A truck driver lost his life in a collision.
【边听边选】
The impact of the collision killed Karen’s mother instantly, but she was left trapped in the burning car.
【预览选项】
A) Kevin is nine years old B) Kevin is handsome
C) Kevin is single D) Kevin is lack of efficiency
【边听边选】
二．Fast reading：
考察能力：定位能力；答案特征：原文重现和同意替换；尽量用原文回答：
1．German chemicals giant BASF saves ￡200 million a year by ___________.
A) recycling heat and energy B) setting up factories in China
C) using the newest technology D) reducing the CO2 emissions of its plants
At the BASF, such recycling of heat and energy saves the company ￡200 million a year and almost half its CO2 emissions.
2.How much of the power consumed by incandescent bulbs is converted into light?
A) A small portion. B) Some 40 percent.
C) Almost half. D) 75 to 80 percent.
Lighting eats up 20 percent of the world’s electricity, or the equivalent of roughly 600,000 tons of coal a day. Forty percent of that powers old-fashioned incandescent light bulbs—a 19th-century technology that wastes most of the power it consumes on unwanted heat.
3. The strongest incentives for energy conservation will derive from __________
The most powerful incentives, of course, will come from the market itself.
三．Writing：多样：上下义词法 多变 恰当 other than
内容；结构；语言；
内容预测：参见何凯文博客：
或QQ空间：576728297
新浪微博：何凯文
结构预测：两种结构的文章：正反观点对立型和社会热点型文章；
语言预测：常见句型表达；
开头句式背景句:
1.There is no consensus of opinions among people as to … some people tend to have a favorable attitude toward…While, others have an unpleasant association with…
2. Recently, the issue of ...... has been brought into public focus.
近来，_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。
3. Recently the issue of (whether …or not) has been in the limelight（成为引人注目的中心） and has aroused wide concern in the public.
近来，是否_______的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。
4. Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is ....
随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是____________。
5. Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations, and great changes have taken place in people's attitude towards some traditional practice.
现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代，很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。
6.______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.
______已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。
7. 万能开头句In no country other than China, it has been said, is the problem of ____more serious.
中间句式过渡句:
1.Most of us ，however，have formed a different picture of…some people think they are beneficial, while others hold the opposite view.
2.And we rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.
对于这种极具争议的话题，我们很难作出绝对的回答。
3.People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.
不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。
4. harbor the idea that,
take the attitude that,
hold the view that, 认为
5.Some people take the attitude that …can produce positive effects on us
6.Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praise of it.
First of all …Furthermore …What’s more …
7.The other side of the picture is quite the opposite.
8.Others harbor the idea that, …may bring about negative impacts on us.
Those who strongly disapprove of ... have cogent reasons for it.
For one thing ,
For another,
9. There are some factors leading to this problem.
10. A number of factors are responsible for this problem.
11. A number of factors could account for the problem, but the following are the most critical ones.
结尾句式总结句:
1.Perhaps there is an element of truth in both these pictures.
2.As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the former view.
　在我看来，我较同意前一种观点。
3.After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the former view.
　经过深思熟虑，我较支持前一种看法
4. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.
5. For one thing, it is essential that laws and regulations be worked out and enforced to ban/reduce…
6. For one thing, it is essential that laws and regulations be worked out and enforced to ban/reduce…
For another, the public should enhance their awareness of the importance of ….
With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to believe that the problem will be solved in the near future.
7. 总而言之，我们离不开_______但是同时我们必须尽力找出解决可能出现问题的新办法。
All in all, we cannot live without_______. But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.
8总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注_______问题。只有这样，我们才能_______
In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______. Only in this way can _________ in future.
写作常用角度
四．Reading in depth
解题要诀：主题；定位；句子理解；
主题的强大：

l Eg1. 主题句:常常出现在文章的开头
We sometimes think humans are uniquely vulnerable to anxiety, but stress seems to affect the immune defenses of lower animals too.
One of the most startling examples of how the mind can alter the immune response was discovered by chance.
题目：1. The passage tells us that the most probable reason for the death of the mice in Ader’s experiment was that ________.
A) they had been weakened psychologically by the saccharin
B) the sweetener was poisonous to them
C) their immune systems had been altered by the mind
D) they had taken too much sweetener during earlier conditioning
2. It can be concluded from the passage that the immune systems of animals ________.
A) can be weakened by mind B) can be suppressed by drug injections
C) can be affected by frequent doses of saccharin
D) can be altered by electric shocks

l Eg2. 主题词(出现频率最高的词)：weak dollar
52. Why do Americans feel humiliated?
A．Their economy is plunging 　　B．Their currency has slumped
　　C．They can't afford trips to Europe 　　D． They have lost half of their assets.
53.How does the current dollar affect the life of ordinary Americans?
A．They have to cancel their vacations in New York.
　　B．They find it unaffordable to dine in mom-and-pop restaurants.
　　C．They have to spend more money when buying imported goods.
　　D．They might lose their jobs due to potential economic problems.
54. How do many Europeans feel about the U.S with the devalued dollar?
A．They feel contemptuous of it　　B．They are sympathetic with it.
　　C．They regard it as a superpower on the decline. D．They think of it as a good tourist destination.
55. what is the author's advice to Americans?
A．They treat the dollar with a little respect 　B．They try to win in the weak-dollar gamble
　　C．They vacation at home rather than abroad　D．They treasure their marriages all the more.

主谓隔离：句子开头的第一个独立名词（前面没有关联词和介词），为句子主语应该和其匹配的动词在一起。
1.But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.
2. The fact that artisans, who were looked on as mechanics or skilled workers in the eighteenth century, are frequently considered artists today is directly attributable to the Arts and Crafts Movement of the nineteenth century.
五．合理的做题顺序和时间安排：
作文（25~30）-快速阅读(15~20)-听力(X)-仔细阅读(20)-翻译(5)-短文回答(5)-ABCAD完型填空(X)六级最后5题BCACD