中考英语专题：定语从句常见错误讲解.doc

7中考英语专题：定语从句常见错误讲解1. She used to help my brother, who was very kind of her.【改】将who改为which。【析】犯这类错误的主要原因是把mybrother错当成了先行词。关系代词which指代的先行词是整个主句，它引导非限定性定语从句。2. Do you still remember the day when we spent together in China last year?【改】将when改为that / which或将when删除。【析】犯这类错误的主要原因是没有弄清关系代词与关系副词的用法区别。不能因为先行词表示时间就一定用关系副词when, 而要学会准确把握句子的结构，正确分析句子的成分。例句中定语从句要用关系代词引导，并在定语从句中作spent的宾语。3. The way which you look at problems is wrong.【改】在which前加in或者将which改为that，也可将which删除。【析】当先行词是the way时，定语从句常用that / in which引导，that / in which也可省略。4. We were interested in the things and people whom we saw during the trip.【改】将whom改为that。【析】当先行词既有人又有物时，定语从句用关系代词that引导，that作宾语时可省略。5. It was in the kitchen where the fire broke out.【改】将where改为that。【析】犯这类错误的主要原因是把强调句型与定语从句混为一谈了。例句为强调句型，强调的是地点状语in the kitchen。6. Is this factory that you have been working in since your graduation?【改】在that前加the one。【析】犯这类错误的原因是把this factory错看作是定语从句的先行词了。解答这类题时，我们不妨先将疑问语序改为陈述语序。this factory是主句的主语，故应添加the one作定语从句的先行词。当然，在factory前加the也可以，那么this是主语，the factory是表语。7. He is such a lazy man as no one wants to work with him.【改】将him删除或将as改为that。【析】犯这类错误的主要原因是把such . as .和such . that .两个句型混淆了。8. There are many books in the library, most of which is in Chinese.【改】将is改为are。【析】关系代词作主语时，定语从句中谓语动词要与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。例句中关系代词which指代的是先行词books，故从句谓语动词应用复数形式。9. I am terribly sorry for having broken the MP4 I borrowed it from you the other day.【改】去掉it。【析】定语从句中的关系代词在从句中充当一定的成分，因此从句中不能再出现与关系代词指代相同的代词或名词，以避免重复。例句中it与省略了的关系代词that/which重复，应去掉。10. We will do all what we can to help you out.【改】改what为that或将what删除。【析】先行词为指物的不定代词时，定语从句用that来引导，that在从句中作宾语时可省略，而what不能引导定语从句。11. He is our English teacher, without his help I couldnt have made such rapid progress.【改】将his改为whose。【析】犯这类错误的主要原因是没有弄清句子结构。这是一个主从复合句，逗号前面是主句，逗号后面是“介词 + 关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。12. The scientist has made another discovery, that I believe is of great importance.【改】将that改为which。【析】that不能引导非限制性定语从句。13. Theres somebody that wants you on the telephone.【改】that改为who或去掉that。【析】先行词是-body，-one构成的复合代词时，关系代词用who (whom)不用that。口语中在It be / there be / here be后面的关系代词可省略。14. John, who greeted me is my teacher, that is deeply respected by all.【改】me之后加逗号;that改为who。【析】第一个who引导的是非限制性定语从句。从句位于句中时，两头须用逗号与主句隔开。第二个who引导的也是一个非限制性定语从句，关系代词在指人时须用who(whom)，在指物时须用which，不能用that。15. Do you know the reason why do many people like Zhang Yimous films?【改】去掉why之后的do。【析】定语从句须用陈述句语序。关系副词why在从句中作原因状语，其先行词是表示原因的reason。16. Which is known to all, Mount Emei is one of the famous mountains of China.【改】Which改为As。【析】which, as都可作关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，表示整个主句的内容，并在从句中作主语、宾语。这种从句放在主句的后边时，which, as均可引导;放在主句的前边时，一般用as引导。17. Who are the persons who are sitting on the travel bags and which is the bag which belongs to me?【改】将句中第二who和第二个which都改为that。【析】当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时，为了避免重复，定语从句要用that引导而不用who (whom)和which引导。18. The woman who you spoke is an actress.【改】在spoke之后加to。【析】关系代词who在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，介词须后置。如果介词to前置，who得变为whom。19. The number of people lost homes reached as many as 250,000 in the earthquake and the fires in San Francisco in 1906.【改】在people之后加关系代词who /that。【析】关系代词在定语从句中作主语时不能省略。