雅思小作文如何更获考官青睐（下）.doc

雅思小作文如何更获考官青睐（下）

朗阁海外考试研究中心

l Step2: 淡妆浓抹 总相宜

“淡妆”指代小作文中较简单的用词和表达方法，但却不失准确；“浓抹”侧重文中偏难度复杂的用词和表达方式，但却不失地道。这也正好解释了不少考生的一个误区：以为所有的用词都该是高级的，所有的句式都该是复杂的。其实，不论是针对大作文还是小作文，如果仔细研读考官所提供的范文，我们并不难发现类似“淡妆浓抹”的完美组合。如剑5 Test 1, writing task 1中考官给出的Model Answer中我们可以发现类似的句子：In 1940, the proportion of people aged 65 or more stood at only 5% in Japan（最基本的简单句结构）. However, while the figures for the Western countries grew to about 15% in around 1990, the figure for Japan dipped to only 2.5% for much of this period, before rising to almost 5% again at the present time（有转折有对比的复杂并列句式，并且添加时间状语从句before引导，而且用词也并非简单的drop却代替用了dip to下降到…程度的意思）. 既然有考官的范文为榜样，考生们自然应该多靠近模仿“朝拜”才是，将“淡妆浓抹总相宜”的完美风进行到底！

Ø 开头段部分：
1. 使用多种表达方式替换图表chart的说法，如figure图形，graph图表；曲线图，diagram图表；图解以及各种图形各自的英文表达方法；而且为了表示强调题中所给的图时可加入：given或是provided 等放在chart的后面 “The figure given shows….”
2. 当然“万事开头难”，所以如何给考官一个非常不错的第一印象也显得十分重要了。而“The graph shows” 之类的表示方法肯定不是最佳的选择，因为其他考生也会用几乎雷同的方式来引言，所以朗阁海外考试研究中心推荐考生们可以尝试以下写法：
1) The graph provided reveals….
2) Given is a line chart concerning/ providing a comparison of/ illustrating …
3) A glance at the figure provided reveals… （推荐）
3. 若想通过开头段给考官留下不错的印象，那么一定要在介绍图表描述后，加上一句话概括图表能反映出的总体情况，并且可以选择放入一些插入语，增强色彩，如：
1) Clearly, both rates fluctuated dramatically during this period.
2) It is evident that both nations saw considerable fluctuations in rates…
4. 完整看来，以下给出3个不同等级的开头段（关于中美两国的出生率情况）可供学会模仿参考：
1) IELTS5 The graph shows some similarities between the birth rates of China and the USA from 1920 to 2000.
2) IELTS6 The graph provided reveals some surprising similarities between the Chinese and US birth rates during the period from 1920 to 2000. Clearly, both rates fluctuated dramatically during this period.
3) IELTS7 A glance at the graph provided reveals some striking similarities between the Chinese and US birth rates during the period from 1920 to 2000. It is evident that both nations saw considerable fluctuations in fertility, with lows during the 1940s and highs during the 1950s.

Ø 主体部分：
一般小作文题目中就有明确要求在文中对所给数据进行分析比较，因此要想将主体段完成好肯定少不了“对比，比较，连接”等连接词以及语句，如while, however, in spite of, in stark contrast等连词，也包括类似it is clear that等插入语。当然为了拿到高分，除了一些常用的搭配与表达之外，更地道或是更高级的表示也是必须要掌握的，具体如下：
a) 由图可见：
as we can see from the chart
as can be seen from the chart
as is shown in the chart …
b) 值得一提的是：
it is important to note that
it is worth mentioning that / it is worth to mention that
also noteworthy is the fact that…
c) 相对比而言：
on the other hand
by contrast
in stark contrast
however…
d) 显而易见的是：
clearly
it is clear from the information given that…
it is evident that…/
it is apparent from the information supplied that
e) 有趣的是：
interestingly
it is interesting to note that
one interesting fact highlighted by the figure is that…
f) 当提到：
as for…

speaking of…

when it comes to..
in terms of…

当然主体段要想写的精彩，除了各式用词之外，也绝对离不开句式的搭配运用，简单的“淡妆”相信是难不倒考生的，但也必须注意结合“浓妆”，适当加入高级的表示方法，如：中国的出生率从1920年至1935年上升，之后下降到1940年的5%左右。运用不同级别的词汇句式即可写出如下3种表达方式：
² “淡妆”级别：China’s birth rate rose from 1920 to 1935. It then decreased to 1940 at about 5%.（用词简单，直接翻译的简单句）
² “浓抹”级别：China’s birth rate rose from around 10 percent in 1920 to 15 percent in 1935, and then it fell sharply to somewhere at the vicinity of 5 percent in 1940.（用词调整的并列句）考官提供范文中也有类似表达：In spite of some fluctuations in the expected percentages, the proportion of older people will probably continue to increase in the next two decades in the three countries.（剑5 P162 Model Answer）
² “烟熏妆”级别：Increasing from approximately 10 percent in 1920 to 15 percent in 1935, China’s birth rate then plunged to a low of just 5 percent in 1940.（首先导入分词伴随代替常规的China’s birth rate开头，且用词更高深）；朗阁海外考试研究中心十分建议各位考生可根据自己的语言功底适当添加此类级别的句子，以增加新鲜感和色彩，从而提高分数。当然此类句式也能时常在考官提供的范文中找到：The first potential location is outside the town itself, and is sited just off the main road to the town of Hindon, lying 12 kms to the north-west.（剑5 P166 Model Answer）

其实除了以上所提到的2大问题，不少考生之所以会出现小作文耗时的现象还与平时缺乏练习有着密不可分的关系，因此我们也强烈建议各位考生参考以上所提，加强练习，真正提升自己的应对能力。朗阁海外考试研究中心有理由相信，在处理小作文相关问题上，只要考生能时刻牢记以上所提的2大步骤，在平时练习中注意补充，谋定而后动，那么一定能写出考官所青睐的好文章。

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