1、2012年04月23日 06:19 AM
石油交易商面对提高透明度压力
Oil traders face heat over better disclosure
英国《金融时报》 哈维尔•布拉斯 伦敦报道
Oil trading is likely to come under new disclosure rules as the industry-backed Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative discusses how to include deals between national oil compa
2、nies and traders.
石油交易可能将面临新的披露规则，这是因为《采掘业透明度行动计划》（Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative，简称EITI）已开始讨论如何将国有石油公司和交易商之间的交易纳入披露范围。
The discussions could have significant implications for the publicity-shy Swiss-based commodities trading industry, including top companies Vitol, Glencore, Trafig
3、ura, Mercuria and Gunvor. It would also affect oil companies such as London-listed BP and Royal Dutch Shell and Total of France, which have large trading arms.
这些讨论可能对不愿抛头露面的瑞士大宗商品交易行业产生重大影响，该行业的顶尖企业包括维多(Vitol)、嘉能可(Glencore)、托克(Trafigura)和贡沃尔(Gunvor)。讨论也将影响到在伦敦上市的英国石油(BP)、荷兰皇家壳牌(Royal Dutch Shell)以
4、及法国道达尔(Total)，这些公司都设有大型交易部门。
The EITI is a 10-year-old voluntary scheme to improve transparency in the natural resources industry. Until now it has focused on mining and oil companies’ payments to governments, including royalties and taxes.
EITI是一项有着10年历史、自愿参与的计划，其宗旨是提高自然资源行业的透明度。到目前为止，它一直关注的是矿业和石
5、油公司向政府支付的款项，包括开采许可费和税收。
But under pressure from non-governmental organisations such as Revenue Watch, the EITI is considering widening its reach to oil trading. The talks – which are at a very early stage – come as the body embarks on a review of its rules.
但由于受到Revenue Watch等非政府组织的压力，EITI正考虑将关注范围
6、扩大到石油交易领域。在审查自己的规则之际，EITI也开始了上述讨论，这些讨论仍处于早期阶段。
“The issue is on the table,” said Alexandra Gillies, head of governance of Revenue Watch, one of the civil society organisations involved with the EITI.
Revenue Watch治理事务负责人亚力山德拉•吉利斯(Alexandra Gillies)表示，“这个问题已摆到了桌面上。”Revenue Watch是参与EITI的公民社会组织之一。
J
7、onas Moberg, head of the EITI secretariat, said that given the size of [oil trading] revenues, there was a “great” need for improved transparency.
EITI秘书处负责人乔纳斯•莫伯格(Jonas Moberg)表示，考虑到（石油交易）营收规模，“很有”必要提高这个领域的透明度。
National oil companies from countries such as Angola and South Sudan traditionally sell their oil through tenders and direct contracts to traders and refiners. The details of the transactions, including prices and volumes, are not public.
传统上，安哥拉和南苏丹等国的国有石油公司通过招标和直接合同向交易商和炼油商出售石油。包括价格和销量在内的交易细节都是不对外公布的。
译者/邢嵬
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