1、《词汇5000》总复习资料 一、 英语学习的三层境界:记忆、理解和运用 二、 语言词汇的六个层面:音、形、义、性、数、格 三、 记忆的三个重要方法:词根词缀法、上下位词法、固定的搭配 四、 《李氏记忆之九阳真经》 (一) Vid, spect 不用愁,明眸善睐即可休。 Ped, cede, gress, 问(vene)何意,脚踏汽车(car, cur)跟我走。 两岸audi又audio, 定睛一看是听众。 春风得意车又疾,身上jack(ject)不可丢。 忽闻宝马摆pose,原地不动怕(part) 分手. 不识sed, sist真面
2、目,坐立不安此车中! 贪(tain,ten)生(sent) 怕死(path)一碰头,保有灵犀一点通, 单词记忆几多愁?恰似《九阳真经》向东流! 第一组:Vid: 核心词汇、短语、例子 evident明显的 evidence 证据 imagine, envisage, visualize, 想象,使。。。视觉化 Good writing is good thinking visualized!好的写作是好的思维视觉化的体现! Career building-up need positive visualization.事业的构建需要积极的想象力! 第二组:spect 核心
3、词汇、短语和例子: It is very important to approach China with a culture perspective.从文化的视角了解中国非常重要。 Respectable, imaginable, readable, understandable, encourageable, Suspect v& n. 嫌疑,嫌疑犯, The economic prospect this looks gloomy! 今年的经济形势不容乐观! A heavy and timely snow promises a good year ahead! 瑞雪兆丰年!
4、With a heavy and timely snow, we can even see the prospect of a good year! 重点:一定要注意培养语言的描述能力!过犹不及! 第三组:ped Impede, impediment: 障碍,阻碍 Mindless pedestrians:不管红绿灯的路人,行人 Pedlar:小商小贩 expedition: 远征,探险 第四组:cede Have access to sth. 有使用和进入。。。 权利和路径 Accessible 如何结合图片表示“残疾人通道” Predecessor VS succes
5、sor 前任VS 继任者 Unprecedented 史无前例的 recede, recession: 海水的退潮,经济的衰退 第五组:gress Congress, 国会,议会 regress, 退步 progress, 进步 digress离题,跑题 The National People’s Congress of China 全国人民代表大会 Cancer is a progressive disease 癌症是一种渐进性的疾病! Aggressive 为什么会有几种不同的翻译?提升自己英语词汇的理解! 第六组:vene Joint venture, 合资企业
6、 intervene干涉,调停,斡旋 Conventional weapons, design, style常规武器,传统的设计,传统的样式/风格 Inventive: 有创新精神的 第七组:cur Occur, 发生recur,反复出现,反复发生 concur,同时出现 incur:使。。不好的事情发生,招致,导致 It occurs to sb. That..某人突然想到。。。 -cy作为名词词尾的重要感觉 Immediacy of response:及时地反应,瞬间反应 Constancy of policy 政策的延续性 A woman of inconstan
7、cy 水性杨花的女人 Currency of ideas 与时俱进 Course of nature, law of nature:自然规律 第八组:audi Audience VS spectator Inaudible,听不见的 audit,旁听,审计 auditorium 音乐厅 第九组:ject Inject, 注入eject,抛射,弹射 reject, 拒绝 Projected,突出的,突兀的,显眼的, force projection兵力投放能力 projector投影机 subject VS object 重点复习subject to 的用法 第十组:po
8、s, pose, posit Man proposes, God disposes!谋事在人,成事在天! To impose punitive tariffs on Chinese exports对中国出口的货物征收惩罚性关税 Compose 和composer的不同翻译 Disposable income可支配收入 at one’s disposal 由。。掌控 Be exposed to the American language and culture每天受到美国英语和文化的耳濡目染 第十一组:part Impart: 分享,给与, department 大学的系,co
9、mpartment 列车的车厢 Department store百货公司 impartiality不偏不倚 Be particular about 对。。。极为挑剔 第十二组:sed Assiduous 勤奋的,勤勉的 resident居民 subside 海水等退潮,平静,下降 Dissident 持不同政见者 第十二组:sist Assist,帮助 resist,抗拒,抵抗 insist, 坚持 persist刚愎自用,坚持不懈 Your face is irresistible! 不能抗拒你的容颜! Consist in 在于, consist of 有。
10、组成! Be consistent with。。与。。。一致,协调,与。。。兼容 Persistent/sustained effort 坚持不懈的努力 Statue of Liberty自由女神雕像 Installment 分期付款 Instant noodles 方便面 live at subsistence level 在贫困线上挣扎 第十三组:tain, ten Containment VS engagement 美国对华的遏制与接触政策 Retain, 保持,保留maintain, 维护,保养 Sustained efforts 坚持不懈的努力 sus
11、tainable development 可持续发展 Entertain 娱乐 第十四组: sent, sens Consent, 同意 dissent不同意,反对 resent, 怨恨,憎恨 Nonsense废话 sensational stories 骇人听闻的故事 Sensible 理智的 Sense and S ensibility 《理智与情感》 第十五组:path Sympathy, 同情 apathy,冷漠 antipathy反感 Empathy: (the ability to identify with others emotionally, try
12、to feel what others feel)共鸣,换位思考 《李氏单词记忆真经》之外的重要词根和单词 2:ceive, cept, caption Conceive: 想象,怀孕 Perceive: to be is to be perceived 存在即是被感知!imperceptibly: 不能被察觉地,不知不觉地 Exception: This is the only exception. No more in the future! 这次算是例外!下不为例!deception: 欺骗,deceptively: 欺骗性地 exceptionally:例外地,极为。。地,
13、 注意receiver 的理解和不同语境下的翻译。 Susceptible: (easily influenced or affected by sth.) 很容易受到。。影响的,抵抗力不强的 3.Cir/cyc: ring Recycle bin: 回收站,recycle:循环利用,回收使用 Production, circulation, distribution, consumption: 生产,流通,分配,消费 Integrated Circuit card: 集成智能卡,IC卡 4.Clud: to shut,close Conclude: 注意考虑在不同语境下对这个
14、词的使用 All-inclusive: 包罗万象的, exclusive: 排外的,exclusive agents:度假代理人 Enclosure Movement:圈地运动 closet:小橱柜 disclose: 揭露,揭开,揭发 6. dict. Dit: speak, say Predict, 预测,语言,unpredictable 不能预测的。。 Contradict: 反驳,驳斥,矛盾 In most case, what managers need is listeners, instead of contradictors.在很多情况下,管理者喜欢的是恭顺的员工,
15、而不是与他们抬杠的人! Be addicted to (doing) sth. 对。。上瘾的,a drug addict 瘾君子 Career dedication/devotion: 敬业精神,a successful career woman: 女强人 The novel is dedicated to Mr.Qian Zhongshu! 谨以此书献给钱钟书先生! Be indicative of..显示出。。。 his look is indicative of his suspicion: 一看他的表情,就知道他是疑虑重重! 7.Duce, duct, duction:
16、 to guide, lead: Be reduced to .. within five years’ time, he squandered all his money and was soon reduced to a beggar.五年不到,他就挥霍完了所有的钱财,沦落成为乞丐! He readily produced an umbrella from his sleeve 他旋即象变戏法似的从袖口里面抽出一把伞! Seduce:引诱,勾引,诱奸,seducing/seductive voice: 娇滴滴的声音 Seductive environment 环境不好 Cond
17、uctor, semi-conductors, quarter-conductors 一定要吃透conductors 不同翻译 Introduce the advanced technology and management from GE into China: 从GE引入先进的技术和管理经验 population reproduction: 人口再生产 8.Equa: equal Equality: 平等,equalizer, equator: Government sometimes has to play the role of social equator/equalizer!
18、政府有时得扮演均财富/杀富济贫的角色! 认真理解equator 中文为什么翻译成为“赤道” ? Equivalent:对等物,具有相等价值的人或物,有点像: counterpart这个词! 9.Fect, fact: make, do Public facilities: 公用设施 Three leading automobile manufactures are GM, Ford, and Toyota. 世界汽车制造的三大巨头:通用、福特、丰田! Faculty: 能力; 员工 10.Flu: flow When the cup of happiness over
19、flows, disaster/sorrow follows!乐极生悲! Bird flu: 禽流感。 Influential: 有重大影响力的 affluent: 富得流油的 万能数据描写公式: A + V(上升,下降,保持平稳)+adv. (稳定地,急剧地,大量地),from F1 in Y1, to F2 in Y2, and finally (eventually, consequently) to F3 in Y3, while, B + V(上升,下降,保持平稳)+adv. (稳定地,急剧地,大量地),from F1 in Y1, to F2 in Y2, and f
20、inally (eventually, consequently) to F3 in Y3。 动词: 变化:vary, fluctuate, 上升,增长:jump, rise, soar, skyrocket, amount to, grow, balloon, 下降,减少:drop, decline, be reduced to , plunge, slump, be lessened to, 副词: 稳定地:steadily, constantly, continuously, 急剧地:sharply, dramatically, drastically, critical
21、ly, 很大,很好:substantially, tangibly, remarkably, amazingly, incredibly, impressively, tremendously, enormously, surprisingly, astronomically, fantastically, 很大,很坏:cancerously, shockingly, monstrously, disastrously, horrifyingly, ridiculously, nightmarishly, 12.Gener/gene/gent: (二) 1:graph, gra
22、m Semi-autobiographical novels:半自传体小说 Bibliography:参考书目 2.Max/maj/magn Magnificent: 很大而好的,雄伟壮观的, magnifier放大镜 the overwhelming/vast majority:绝大多数 maximize: 使。。最大化 3.Min: Ethnic minorities少数民族,弱势群体 diminish/minimize 使。。最小化 minute differences 些微的差别 4. man/manu: Three leading manufacturer
23、s in auto industry: 世界汽车制造的三大巨头 Manual: 操作手册,用户指南 manuscript: 手稿 manipulate:操作,运作,利用 Manifest Destiny:明白无误的归宿,天命使然, WASP(the White Anglo-Saxon Protestants):白种英格努-撒克逊清教徒 5. mov/mob/mot: Automobile industry:汽车产业 horizontal mobility and vertical mobility:水平和垂直流动性 Want ads: presentable, aggressiv
24、e, interpersonal skills, mobile:招聘广告:形象气质佳,有进取心,交际技巧,能长期出差 Motivate: 促进, 使。。有动力 remote controllers遥控器 To launch a massive promotional campaign:发起一场声势浩大的促销活动 6. miss/mit/mission: Commit suicide, commit a crime, 自杀,犯罪criminal record: 前科admission office: 招生办公室admission requirements:入学要求 Dismiss:
25、打发,开除,对。。不屑一顾 Mr. Careless, Mr. Dismissive: 马大哈, noble mission: 崇高的使命 signal transmission: 信号传输 submit:递交,上交,呈交 ,完全的屈服于。。。 7. nat: Law of nature, course of nature: 自然规律 innate, inherent,:天生的,与生俱来的 intrinsic values: 固有的价值 national,。。国家的公民 nationality:国籍 8.pel,puls: Impel: 促使,驱使expel, 驱逐prope
26、l: 往前促使,促使repel:击退,击回 dispel:驱散 a compelling speech 感人至深的演讲 mosquito repellent:驱蚊器 Impulsive:冲动的 pulseless:没有脉搏的,毫无生气的 9.pend,pens,: Indispensable: 必不可少的, expensive: 昂贵的expend, expense, expenditure:开销,花费 compensate:弥补,补偿 suspend: 悬挂,终止,使。。悬而不决suspense:悬念 appendix: 附录 accessory: 附件 10.po
27、rt: Import: 进口export:出口 support:支持 portable:可携带的,便携式的 opportunity:良机 transportation: 运输 11.scirbe/script, scription: Inscribe, 雕刻,铭刻 describe,描写 depict:细致的描写 prescribe,提前写,规定,开处方 subscribe:写在。。下面, 认同。。的观点,预定 manuscript:手稿 ascribe..to…把。。归因于 ADSL: asymmetrical digital subscriber’s line:非对称数字用户网
28、 12. tract,treat: Attract, 吸引 distract, 分心contract, 合同 contracted: 缩水的,便小的retreat: 撤退 retract,撤回 extract,拔除,拔出 traceless:无影无踪的,不留一丝痕迹的 13.vert/vrs: Adverse,不好的,不利的 reverse,:扭转convert.. into.. 把。。改变为 a political convert 叛徒,政治变节者 diverse, 多种多样的 diversify, 使。。多元化 diversity,多种多样 various, variety Ve
29、rsatile, 多才多艺的 controversy, controversial有。。。分歧的 14.viv, vit: On different occasions, the president attaches great importance to the strategy of revitalizing China through science and education! 总统多次强调科教兴国的重要性! Vital, 基本的,revitalize, 使。。重新有活力revive, 使。。复活 survival of the fittest, 适者生存 surviv
30、e the crash, survive the disaster, 在事故/灾难中幸存下来 How can we survive the romance? 如何让我们的爱超越浪漫?当浪漫不再,如何让爱继续下去? 四星级、五星级词根中涉及到的常见说法 Bio-chemical weapons,生化武器 concentric circles,同心圆 concentrate on。。集中精力于 luggage claims,行李提取处 the tsunami claimed ten lives!此次海啸多走了10人的性命! Be inclined to do sth. 倾向于作某事
31、 Reclining seats 可放倒的靠背 inflexible 僵硬的,没有柔韧性的 adhere to… 坚持 coherence in English writing 英语写作中的前后呼应 To enhance the universal literacy 提高全民教育/识字水平 the functional illiterates, the functionally illiterate: 功能性文盲 Monotonous 单调的 post-war, 战后的postpone, delay拖延 eruption of passions 激情的迸发 corrupt
32、officials贪官污吏 Descend 下降 ascend上升 provocative 挑衅的 revoke 撤销,,evoke 唤起,引起,激起 Involvement VS containment接触和遏制 be actively involved in doing sth 投身于。。 Advocate..拥护者 Discord,不和 concord, 协调,一致 core核心 Definite,确定无疑的 to define and redefine all those traditions and moral values in a time of
33、social transformation 在社会的转型期重新定位传统和道德价值观 Commemorate: 纪念 resemble, 象。。。 assemble 组装 assembly line: 流水生产线 dissimilarity:不一样 Attach.. to..把。。。贴上去 emotionally attached to sth…. 依恋 Be emotionally detached from…超脱 Invade :侵略 pervasive弥漫的 (三)顶级前缀 1. Com/con/col/cor/co/: 用法:一般为动词前缀,加强语气,表示
34、共同,全部等”,拼写规则为:同化,以及在b,p之前一般为com, 1) Compulsory education,=compulsory school attendance ,义务教育 2) required courses, 必修课Vs elective/selective courses选修课 3) In collaboration with sb. 与。。合作 4) The two playwrights worked in collaboration with each other on the scripts。这两个剧作家通力合作,写出了这个剧本。 5) Be conf
35、ronted with formidable challenges,面临严峻的挑战 unprecedented challenges and opportunities前所未有的机遇和挑战 6) Be consistent with ,与。。相一致,向协调 compete with.., 与。。竞争competence/ competency,胜任,能力competitive有竞争力的 7) His competence for the job is unquestionable!他的能力无可非议! 2. De=down, downward: 一般为动词前缀,表示“否定、脱落、加强”
36、 1) Debating contest, 辩论大赛English Speech Contest/Competition, 英语演讲比赛deceptive simplicity骗人的简单/朴素 2) Deflate Vs inflate, 通货紧缩VS 通货膨胀depressing, depressive, 抑郁的,令人郁闷的 3) devastate=lay waste, to destroy a place or thing completely or cause great damage.使。。遭受严重破坏 4) eg. Thousands of people left their
37、 devastated villages and fled to the mountains.成千上万的人离开了已经成为废墟的农村,来到崇山峻岭之中。 5) She was utterly devastated when her husband died.她丈夫的死让她痛不欲生/她丈夫的死击垮了她。 3. Dis=apart, away, 正宗动词、形容词反义前缀,表示“除去,剥夺,反对,否定” 1) Disable VS enable: be enabled to do sth, be capable of doing sth, 有能力做某事 disapprove, v. disapp
38、roval n.不同意,反对,对。。不以为然 2) Eg. There is a note of disapproval in the voice of the teacher 老师的话语里透露出些许不满。 3) She could sense their disapproval of her suggestion.她感觉到人们对她的建议是不以为然。 4) Dicord 不合,不和 VS concord协调 , racial discrimination, 种族歧视 discrimination in job-hunting based on locality and gender 找工
39、作时在地域和性别方面的歧视 5) Dismiss理解它的不同翻译! territorial dispute over Kashmir between India and Pakistan, 印巴之间就克什米尔的领土争执。 4. En/em=in, into , near: 及物动词前缀,表示“使。。。处于一种状态, 进入。。。” 1) Enact, 使。。成为法律act,“法律的”正式说法 bill,法案 law,一般通用的说法 be encountered with…, 遭遇了。。。 2) enforce: to carry out sth by force, to make p
40、eople obey a law, or to make a particular situation happen or be accepted: 靠。。武力执行, law enforcement workers, 执法人员 VS reinforce: 加强 3) eg. The new teacher failed to enforce any sort of discipline in class.这个新老师没法在班上执行任何纪律,(老师维持不了课堂纪律) 4) It isn’t always easy for the police to enforce speed limit 警察
41、也很难执行和维持超速限制! 5) Enlightenment: the period in the 18th century in Europe, when many people began to emphasize the importance of science and reason, rather than religion and tradition.启蒙运动 6) Buddha was an enlightened being.佛陀,悟道者也!佛乃大彻大悟之人! 7) The short/brief conversation with you is more enlight
42、ening than ten years’ reading alone! 与君一席话,胜读十年书! 5. ex/e:=out of , fully:往外,向外,可引申为“过多,完全,超过等” 1) Exceed, excess, n., excessively, 过多,过分,多余 2) Execute,履行,执行,绞死 CEO: Chief Executive Officer首席执行官 3) Eg. In the execution of their duties, the police have to use firearms在执行其职责时,警察不得不使用武力!Execute a
43、 deal/plan/one’s duty:履行一个协定/执行计划/履行职责 4) Exhale 吐气VS inhale,吸气 exhaust,耗尽,使。。精疲力尽 the leading killer in modern society is exhaustion 过劳死是现代社会的第一大健康杀手! 5) Natural resources are inexhaustible!自然资源取之不尽,用之不竭!(这是一种错误的想法!) 6) Market expanding/expansion市场拓展,Expose 理解它的不同翻译和用法,非常重要! 7) Expire,死亡,过期 ins
44、pire, 激发,使。。由灵感respire, 呼吸perspire,出汗 conspire密谋,沆瀣一气 8) Edit 编辑,注意理解其逻辑的灵魂eg. Everything we see and feel in society and life is edited by our moral values, beliefs and outlooks在社会和生活中,我们看到和感觉到的一切,都是经过价值观、信仰以及人生观剪辑过的! Elaborate极为精密、精细、复杂的 6.in/im/il/ir=into, into, on:使进入状态,一般为及物动词前缀 ,拼写上有“同化”原则
45、1) Inborn,=innate,天生的 indulge oneself in doing sth 沉溺于做某事 2) flame, 火焰inflame,使。。冒出火焰,使。。火冒三丈 inflammatory, 让人火冒三丈的,inflammable易燃物,容易被激怒的人 Insight,洞察力, insightful, vision,远见卓识 intake, 摄入 3) impoverish=be reduced to sheer poverty使。。一贫如洗 7.in/im/il/ir=not, 否定前缀,一般为名词或形容词 1) Inaccessible,不能被进入的,不能被
46、人理解的 inadequate=insufficient,不够的infamous,臭名昭著的 ignorant,无知的 naïve, 天真的innocent,单纯的,无罪的 illiterate, the functional illiterates, =the functionally illiterate, 功能性文盲 2) Irremediable, 不可救药的remedy:救治,治疗 remedy those social evils.根治这些协会丑恶现象 Eg. He turned out to be irremediable ! 他真的是不可救药! 3) Inalienable
47、 all of us were born with some inalienable rights.天赋人权 Deception is alien to his nature. 他天性不爱撒谎、欺骗! 4) Alienation in modern civilization现代文明中人的异化! 8.inter/enter/intel=between, among: 在。。之间,在。。里面 1) Interchange, exchange,互换 interplay, 相互影响interactive,互动的 interpret:理解,阐释 all great works are alway
48、s capable of different interpretations, 伟大的作品总是能够仁者见仁,智者见智! 2) simultaneous interpreters同声口译人员 intervene 斡旋VS interfere干涉 9.over=above, across, beyong: 一般表示|“程度上的过多,过分等” 1) Overcome: 理解其不同的翻译He was overcome by emotions and broke into tears. 他百感交集,库哭了出来!Walk with dog VS walk the dog!遛狗! 2) When t
49、he cup of happiness overflows, disaster follows!乐极生悲! 3) It does no harm to be defensive, no good to be offensive!害人之心不可有,防人之心不可无! 4) Overestimation, 高估overcrowded拥挤不堪Overwhelm: 。。。如此。。,以至于。。。。,一定要吃透·! 5) He was overwhelmed by the death of his beloved parents。挚爱双亲的死亡让他痛不欲生! 6) He was overwhelmed
50、 by success/love他被成功/爱情冲昏了头脑! 7) The overwhelming majority of ..绝大多数! 10.Per=thorough ,thoroughly,程度前缀,表示程度极深 1) To be is to be perceived! 存在既是被感知five permanent members in the UN Security Council联合国安理会的五大常任理事国 2) Perseverance 恒心,毅力 perspective角度,视角 persist in doing sth坚持做某事 11.pre=before: 先






