英语课堂语法要点.doc

『英语课堂』小学英语语法要点及习题
一、名词复数规则
    1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
    2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
    3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries
    4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives
    5．不规则名词复数：
    man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice
    child-children
    foot-feet,.tooth-teeth
    fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
    写出下列各词的复数
    I _________him _________this ___________her ______
    watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______
    day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________
    tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____
    thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______
    man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________
    water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________
二、一般现在时
    一般现在时基本用法介绍
    　　【No. 1】一般现在时的功能
    　　1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
    　　2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
    　　3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
    　　一般现在时的构成
    　　1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：
    　　I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
    　　2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：
    　　We study English.我们学习英语。
    　　当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
    　　一般现在时的变化
    　　1. be动词的变化。
    　　否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。
    　　如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
    　　一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。
    　　如：-Are you a student?
    　　　　-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
    　　特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?
    　　2.行为动词的变化。
    　　否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：
    　　I don't like bread.
    　　当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：
    　　He doesn't often play.
    　　一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：
    　　- Do you often play football?
    　　- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
    　　当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：
    　　- Does she go to work by bike?
    　　- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
    　　特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?
    动词+s的变化规则
    1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
    2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
    3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
    一般现在时用法专练:
    一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数
    drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________
    look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____
    come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________
    study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______
    二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
    1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
    2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
    3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
    4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
    5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
    6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
    7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
    8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
    9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening
    10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
    11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
    12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
    13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
    14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
    15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
    16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
    17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
    18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
    19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
    20. －What day _______(be) it today?
    － It’s Saturday.三、按照要求改写句子
    1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)
    ___________________________________________________
    2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
    ________________________________________________________
    3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)
    ___________________________
    4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
    ___________________________________________________
    5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)
    _______________________________________________________
    6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)
    ______________________________________________
    7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)
    ________________________________________________________
    8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)
    ___________________________________________________
    9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
    _________________________
    10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)
    ___________________________________________________
    五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)
    1. Is your brother speak English? __________________
    2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________
    3. He likes play games after class. __________________
    4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________
    5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________
     三、现在进行时
    1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
    2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
    3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
    4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
    5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：
    疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing?
    但疑问词当主语时其结构为：
    疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?
    动词加ing的变化规则
    1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
    2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
    3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping
    现在进行时专项练习：
    一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
    play________ run__________ swim _________make__________
    go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________
    read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________
    put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________
    live_______ take______ come ________ get_________
    stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
    二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
    1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
    2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
    3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
    4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
    5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
    6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
    7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
    8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music
    9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now
    10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
    三、句型转换：
    1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
    _____________________________________________________________
    _________________________________________
    2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)
    _______________________________________________________________
    _______________________________________________________________
    3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)
    _______________________________________________________________
    4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)
    _______________________________________________________________