新编大学英语第3册(版).doc

Unit 1. Personality

Part One- Preparation
1. Mr. And Miss So and So
1) Gentle 2) Dedicated 3) Considerate 4) Adventurous 5) Calm 6）Aggressive
7) Critical 8) Energetic 9) Selfish 10) Ambitious 11) Self-confident 12) Easygoing
13) Truthful 14) Outgoing 15) Frank 16) Sensitive 17) Bossy 18）Patient
19) Talkative 20) Persuasive 21) Sympathetic 22) Emotional

2. Personality and Job
Salesperson- shrewed, hard-working, boastful, acute, tricky
Teacher- patient, tolerant, talkative, unselfish, loving, humorous, bossy
Doctor- patient, calm, independent, careful, sympathetic
Police officer- brave, alert, independent, strong, calm
Accountant- careful, honest, cautious, patient
Lawyer- persuasive, expressive, eloquent, serious, knowledgeable, talkative
Tourist guide- enthusiastic, talkative, expressive, energetic, considerate, good-tempered
Host or hostess of a show- emotional, expressive, optimistic, quick-minded, exaggerated, humorous
Reporter- cautious, extroverted, open-minded, adventurous
Secretrary- easygoing, tolerant, sensitive, frank, thorough, efficient
Spokeperson- intelligent, talkative, diplomatic, cautious, matter-of-fact

Part Two – Postreading

Reading Comprehension

1. Understanding the Organization of the Text
1) Introduction: (para1)
Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people
2) Reasons why shyness can have a negative effect: (para2-3)
People’ s self-concept has a profound effect on all areas of their lives.
People with high self-esteem unusually act with confidence.
People with low self-esteem are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others.
3) Ways of overcoming shyness: (para 4-15)
i) Recognize your personal strengths and weaknesses.
ii) Set reasonable goals.
iii) Don’t waste time and energy on destructive feelings such as guilt and shame.
iv) Don’t be afraid to speak up and give your point of view.
v) Do not make negative comments about yourself.
vi) Accept criticism thoughtfully.
vii) Profit from failures and disappointments by viewing them as learning experiences.
viii) Do not associate with people who make you feel inadequate.
ix) Set aside time to relax, enjoy hobbies, and reevaluate your goals regularly.
x) Practice being in social situations.
4) Conclusion: (para16)
The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential.

2. Understanding Specific Information
1) F 2) T 3) T 4) T 5) F 6)T 7)F 8)F 9)T

Vocabulary
1.
1) self-couscious (worried and embarrassed about what you look like or what other people think of you.)
2) self-confidence (belief in one’s own ability, power, judgment, etc,; confidence in oneself)
3) self-esteem (the feeling that you are someone who deserves to be liked, respected, or admired)
4) self-destructive (with thoughts or actions that are counter to one’s own best interests)
5) self-worth (the value you give to your life and achievements)

6) self-concept (one’s conception or general idea of one’s own basic character and nature)
7) self-awareness (realistic knowledge and judgment about oneself)
8) self-assurance/self-confidence (the belief that you are able to deal with people and problems easily)
2.
1) B 2 ) I 3) L 4) A 5) H 6) D 7) E
8) N 9) J 10) M 11) C 12) F 13) G 14) K
3.
1) profound 2)jealousy 3) numerous 4)overweight 5) overcome
6) eventually 7) slim 8) compliments 9) diminish 10) reassurance
11) detrimental 12) isolated 13) self-esteem 14) accented
4.
1) reflected 2) concerned/worried 3) profound effect/influence 4) viewed/regarded
5) sensitive 6) respond/ react 7) eliminated 8) overcome my fear
9) concentrate on 10) made no comment

Translation
1) You should spend a reasonable amount of time relaxing and exercising.（spend time on sth/ in doing sth）
2) In general children are healthier and better educated than ever before. (than ever before)
3) When the right opportunity comes along, he’ll take it.
4) Every day he sets aside some time to be with his family and enjoy life.
5) I remember those dark streets and walking hand in hand with my father.
6) He finally failed to live up to his parents’ expectations.
7) In contrast, our use of oil has increased enormously.
8) He succeeded in his efforts to overcome his fatal weakness.

Part Three – Further Development
1. Enriching Your Word Power
1) B 2)B 3)A 4) B 5) D 6) C 7)B 8)C 9)A 10)A 11) C 12) B

Part Four- Writing and Translation
2.
1) It is believed that pessimism often leads to hopelessness, sickness and failure.
2) Optimism, by contrast, can make you happy, healthy and successful.
3) When you fail in something, profit from the failure as a learning experience.
4) Think about your strengths and build up self-confidence in front of problems or difficulties.
5) Don’t let negative thoughts hold you back.
6）Everyone has experienced failures and disappointments, so don’t blame yourself too much.
Unit 2 Myths and Legends
Part One – Preparation
4. Matching Pictures
1. Aphrodite 2. Ares 3. Hephaestus 4. Artemis 5. Demeter 6. Dionysus
7. Poseidon 8. Athena 9. Apollo 10. hermes 11. Hera 12. Zeus
Part Two – Post-reading
1. Testing Your Memory
1) Because they were invited to a feast in the sky.
2) He saw the birds were busy preparing.
3) He planned to go to the feast/ sky with the birds.
4) They didn’t agree because Tortoise was mischievous/ cunning and ungrateful.
5) With a sweet tongue, he convinced the birds that he was a changed man.
6) He made two wings with all the features he got from each bird.
7) All of You.
8) Nuts, meat and fish soup, punded yam, yam soup, palm wine, etc.
9) For whom have you prepared this feast?
10) Because he knew the answer would be “For all of you”, which was his new name. So he could enjoy all the food first.
11) They were very angry.
12) They took back the feathers they had lent him.
13) He asked him to take a message to his wife.
14) Parrot, because he wanted to take advantage of the chance to get revenge.
15) He asked Parrot to tell his wife to bring out all the soft things in his house and cover the ground with them so that he would be able to land safely. But Parrot told his wife to bring out all the hard and sharp things instead.
16) His shell was broken into hundreds of pieces.
Vocabulary
1.
1) A. invitation B. invited C. inviting
2) A. prepare B. prepared C. preparation D. preparatory / preparation
3) A. discoveries B. discoverers C discovered
4) A. approval B. approve C. approved D. approvign E. disapprove
5) A. eloquent B. eloquence C. eloquently
6) A. faithful B. unfaithful/ faithless C. faith D. faithfully
7) A. occasional B. occasionally C. occasion
8) A. delivery B. delivering C. delivered
9) A. troubesome B. troulbed C. troubled D. troubling
10) A. assurance B. assured C. assure
2.
1) got/ran into trouble 2) no trouble 3) asking for trouble 4) have…trouble
5) trouble with 6) in serious/ deep/ big trouble 7) get/getting …into trouble 8) took the trouble
3.
1) with a pattern of roses.
2) prepared a wonderful / good meal for us
3) promised faithfully
4) deliver this letter
5) a selection of milk and plain chocolate
6) keep out of mischief / behave themselves
7） the sound of distant thunder
8) received approval from the government
9) in spite of the fact that he drank too much
10）agree whether the drug is safe or not
Part Three – Further Development
1. Enriching Your Word Power
1) C 2) C 3) A 4) B 5)A 6) B 7) A 8) B 9) B 10) A 11) B 12) A
Part Four – Writing and Translation
2. Translation Practice
万物之初，天体还是一体，充满混沌。宇宙如同一个大黑蛋，盘古就在黑蛋里一万八千年以后，盘古长睡醒来，他感到窒息，于是他拿起一把大斧头，用尽全身力量砸开黑蛋。轻的、透明的部分冉冉上升，变成了天；而冷的、混沌的物体依然在下面，变成了大地。盘古站在中间，顶天立地。天地开始以每天一丈的速度分开，盘古的身子也随着长高。一万八千年后，天更高，地更厚，盘古像一根九百万里高的柱子伫立其间，天地永远也无法再合在一起。

（附注： 天地渾沌如雞子，盤古生其中。万八千歲，天地開辟，陽清為天，陰濁為地。 盤古在其中，一日九變，神於天，圣於地。天日高一丈，地日厚一 丈， 盤古日長一丈。如此万八千歲，天數极高，地數极深，盤古极長。後乃有三皇(1)。數起於一，立於三，戒於五，盛於七，處於九，故天去地九万里。
《藝 文 類 聚》 卷 一 引 《三 五 歷 紀》
(1) 三 皇： 天 皇、 地 皇、 人 皇。）
3. Racking Your Brains
Step One
Time & Place: after, before, during, later on, meanwhile, next, first, second, earlier, immediately, soon, still, when , while as, where, then
Comparison & Contrast: as…as, similarly, likewise, but, not so…as, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, rather than
Addition: and, in addition to, furthermore, moreover, too, also
Cause & Effect: because (of), due to (the fact that), as a result, therefore, accordingly, so, conseqently, thus, hence, since, as, owing to
Purpose so that, in order to / that , so as to
Condition & Concession: if , despite, although, though, even though, in spite of, however, nevertheless, nonetheless, yet, all the same
Summary & Restatement: in short, in a word, in brief, in conclusion, on the whole, generally, altogether, in all, in the final analysis, in other words, finally
Others: not only…but also, (n)either…(n)or, so…that, such…that, so…as to, otherwise, or
Unit 3 Social Problems

Part One—Preparation

Part Two – Post-reading

Reading Comprehension
1.
1) -5) financial career later guilty hurt
6) -10) resentful productive independence responsibility trusted
11)-15) frightening resentment abandoned factors quality
2.
T F T F T F F F F F

Vocabulary
1.
C H G A E K I D L B J F
2.
1)-5) constantly impact burden Candidly fulfillment
6)-10) salaried resentment assistance perfect suppress
3.
1)-5） successfully resentment security necessity advisable
6)-10) access/accessibility athletic maturity emotional effectively

Translation
1) Because of an emergency, the doctor will not be available for several hours.
2) How will taxes affect people with low incomes?
3) My mother always told me that in the long run I would be glad I didn’t give up practicing the piano.
4) These book range in price form $10 to $20.
5) It seems to me that you don’t have much choice.
6) Given their inexperience, they have done quite a good job.
7) For such a big house the price is fairly cheap/low, but you’ve got to take into consideration the money you will spend on repairs.
8) Can we begin with discussing questions/problems arising from the last meeting?

Part Three --- Further Development

1. Enriching Your Word Power
Step one:
1)-7) A B A C A A C 8)-14) B C A A C B C
Step two:

Step three:
1)-5) creates individuals makes combinaiton however
6)-10) fall responsible which difference that
11)-15) tempted used lowest died reducing
16)-20) quick reason principle minor message

2. Putting the Paragraphs in Order
Step one: E B F C A G D

Part Four—Translation and Writing
2.
1) 孩子最好远离毒品
一个电话报警者打来三个电话，报告毒品交易。他还对交易场所中小孩子的健康表示了忧虑。有两人被发现因吸入过量毒品而深度中毒，现场还发现大量被使用过的注射器。屋内情况非常糟糕，孩子们立即得到了保护。
2）在逃的武装抢劫犯落入法网
四名武装劫持犯在逃离现场时，开枪打伤一名警察。警察抓住了两名罪犯，但是不能确认另两名逃走的罪犯的身份。打进报警热线的一个电话准确、详细地描述了这起事件和其中一个逃走的罪犯。不久，一名男子被抓获，他被指控企图谋杀及武装抢劫。

Unit 4 Career Planning

Part One – Preparation
1. What are They?

1)-7) film director surgeon flight attendent pilot cook/chef conductor lawyer
8)-14）receptionist policeman butcher doctor/physician auto-repairman scientist/ research worker nurse
2. Word Family
1)-9) job business trade labor profession work occupation career task
3. Matching Game
Section A: job career profession trade
Section B: pay fee salary/wages income
Section C: job-seeker employer fire interview

Part Two—Post-reading

Reading Comprehension

1. Understanding the Organization of the Text
1) Introduction (para1)
Career planning does not necessarily follow routine or logical steps.
2) Students’ weaknesses in career planning (para2):
i) Most students choose from a very narrow group of occupations.
ii) 40 to 60 percent of the students choose professional occupations, but only 15 to 18 percent of the work force is engaged in professional work.
iii) Young men lack interest in fields that offer many job opportunities.
iv) A third of the students are unable to express any choice of occupation.
3) Serious flaws in the ways of decision making (para 3-5)
i) Complaceny – ignoring challenging information
ii) Defensive avoidance – resorting to wishful thinking or daydreaming
iii) Hypervigilance – searching frantically for career possibilities and seizing on hastily invented solutions.
4) Keys to career planning (para 6-11)
i) Study yourself.
ii) Write your career goals down.
iii) Review your plans and progress periodically with another person.
iv) If you choose a career that does not fit you, you can start over.
5) Changes in careers (para 12-13)
i) Few changes involve downward movement; most involve getting ahead.
ii) Job changes and career shifts occur at all ages.
6) Conclusion (para 14-15)
Although there is no sure way to make career plans work out, there are things that you can do now to shape your career possibilities.

2. Understanding Specific Information
1)-12) T T F T F T T T T F T F

Vocabulary
1.
1)-7): acceptable efficiency implications instability rationalize evaluation foreseeable
8)-14): invention hastily probability professional challenging defensive personality
2.
1)-5): in case Every so often resort to talk over start over
6)-10): in reality at stake seized on leading to take stock of
3.
1)-6): programs way technical both provided who
7)-12): such needed opportunities when to Completion
13)-18): holding early hire promote up educating

Translation
1) He underwent a major heart surgery several years ago.
2) We estimated that it would take a week to finish the work.
3) I used to enjoy photography, but now I have no time to pursue any hobbies.
4) You may love someone but not necessarily have to marry him.
5) Terrorists resort to violence to achieve their political aims.
6) He says he’ll stay in the office this afternoon in case you want to see him.
7) Scientists have identified the gene that causes abnormal growth.
8) These examples demonstrate how badly some students write their resumes.

Part Three --- Further Development
1. Enriching Your Word Power
1)-10): A B C C C A C B B C

Part Four—Translation and Writing
2. translation (略)
3. Writing (sample)
January,27, 2007
Lu Dong University
P. O. Box ****

Dear Sir or Madam,
I would like to be considered as an applicant for the secretary position listed in today’s Yantai Daily.
I am a female student and I am