简述癫痫患者的自我保健法.doc

　　Descriptions of epilepsy patients with self-care law
（简述癫痫患者的自我保健法）

　Epilepsy is due to a variety of causes of sudden onset, suddenly stop the disease, in addition to the tumor, trauma, encephalitis, children with birth trauma, gynecological, and many medical, surgical diseases, are likely to cause seizures. Patients suffering from epilepsy due almost conditional Hospital to treat, it is best to epilepsy specialist treatment. Patients and their families to come to "try", "drag a drag things to chance, the results tend to delay treatment, or even serious consequences.

癫痫是由于多种原因引起的突然发作、突然停止的疾病，除肿瘤，外伤、脑炎，小儿产伤、妇科以及许多内科、外科疾病，都可能引起癫痫发作。患了癫痫病的患者应尽快到有条件的医院去治疗，最好到癫痫专科就诊。如果病人及家属抱着“试一试”、“拖一拖”的侥幸心理，结果往往会延误病情，甚至带来严重的后果。

(1) self-psychological adjustment

　(1)自我心理调适

　Epilepsy patients, once diagnosed, will bring him a lot of psychological pressure, a lot of people more or less there is a psychological problem, there are always desperate psychological. The epilepsy medication period tend to be very long, and some patients may want to lifelong medication, coupled with daily life will inevitably occur in a variety of not liking things, especially things associated with the disease, often add to the psychological burden of patients, this disease rehabilitation is a considerable disadvantage. Patients Faced with these problems, you should actively respond to, and timely self-grooming trend "Lee" avoid "harm", consult a physician when necessary, to resolve these adverse psychological problems. And to do this, patients must first establish the confidence to overcome the disease, perseverance, and the disease since also.

癫痫患者一旦被确诊，必定会给他带来很大的心理压力，很多人或多或少会存在心理问题，常会有绝望心理。癫痫的用药期往往很长，部分患者可能要终生用药，加之日常生活难免会发生各种各样不顺心的事情，特别是与疾病相关的事情，往往会加重患者的心理负担，这样对疾病的康复相当不利。所以患者面对这些问题时，应积极应对，及时自我疏导，趋“利”避“害”，必要的时候求助于医生，将这些不利心理问题化解。而做到这一点，患者首先要树立战胜病魔的信心，持之以恒，病自去亦。

　Secondly, the patient should be clear: the concept of cognitive fully stemmed from his awareness of the surrounding environment, this awareness often by individuals preemptive concept and the emotional state, not necessarily in line with the objective reality, the feeling is not reality. "extremes, formulaic "," taken for granted "will inevitably lead to a realistic understanding of the deviation, resulting in an illusion of reality perception. In this case, the patient must try to actively adjust their mentality to make an accurate assessment of their own re-immune negative feeling. Commonly used to fill in the three-column comparison table, daily activities table "to complete cognitive rehearsal and behavioral therapy in assertiveness training, role-playing skills, but also helps the patients from the practice and behavior change Duirenduishi perceptions and attitudes.

　其次，患者应该明确：人的认知观念完全源于他对周围环境的觉察，这种觉察往往受个体先占观念及当时情绪状态的影响，并不一定符合客观实际，感觉并不等于现实，“走极端、公式化”、“想当然”等必然导致对现实认识的偏差，造成对现实认知的一种假象。而这种情况下，患者一定要尽量积极调整心态，对自己重新作个准确的评估，从而对消极的感觉产生免疫。通常采用填写“三栏对比表”、“日常活动表”等方式完成认知预演及行为治疗中的自信训练、角色扮演等技巧，也有助于让患者从实际操作和行为中改变对人对事的看法和态度。

(2) self-corrective actions

（2）自我行为纠正
　　The epilepsy patients self corrective actions actually a kind of behavioral therapy, treatment by some acts to correct some bad behavior, in order to avoid the negative effects caused by. Now Introduction several corrective actions

　癫痫患者的自我行为纠正实际上也是一种行为疗法，通过有些行为治疗的方法，纠正一些不良行为，以避免由此引起的负面效应。现简介几种行为纠正的方法：

　1). Hidden law

　1）.隐蔽法　　
　　Caetula (1971), first proposed such behavioral therapy, called hidden subsided. Patients with anxiety and tension problem behavior, then the image of fantasy no longer accept any positive reinforcer, it gradually concealed subsided. Some scholars on the the stimulus trigger epileptic hidden desensitization and achieve remission. The goal of this treatment is for the anxiety and seizures purpose, to prevent attacks by reducing or eliminating anxiety

Caetula(1971年)首先提出这种行为疗法，称为隐蔽消退法。让患者在幻想中产生有关焦虑紧张的问题行为，然后在意象中不再接受任何阳性强化刺激，让它逐渐隐蔽消退。有些学者对促发癫痫的刺激采用这种隐蔽的脱敏法而达到缓解。这种治疗的目标是针对与癫痫发作有关的焦虑情况，通过减轻或消除焦虑来达到预防发作的目的。

2) indicate control law

　2）.指示控制法　　
　　The patients usual fantasy and trigger epileptic stimulate a word or strategies. Tell the patient during the non-treatment, When priming epilepsy stimulation occurs, the use of an indication word to inhibit it, for example, anxiety can be used as a portion of priming seizures during the relaxed state, so that the patient is exposed in the fantasy an anxiety environment and let him say or come up with a "relaxation" of the word Contact this situation, when the anxiety condition encountered in daily life, the word can be used to cause a relaxed state, however in some cases of epilepsy, anxiety, or alert the enhancement is a part of the seizure onset.
让患者在幻想中惯用与促发癫痫刺激相反的一个词或策略。告诉患者在非治疗期间，当促发癫痫刺激出现时，使用一个指示词来抑制它，例如焦虑可作为促发癫痫发作的一个部分，在松弛状态期间，让患者在幻想中暴露一个焦虑的环境，并让他联系这种情况说出或想出一个“松弛”的词，当日常生活中遇到焦虑情境时，这个词可用来引起松弛状态，然而在某些癫痫病例中，焦虑或警觉的增强是癫痫发作起病的一个部分。

　This indicates control relaxation is more appropriate for other cases, patients adopt vigilance strategies more appropriate. Some progressive relaxation, patients secluded enough exposure in fantasy. The aura occurs to enable patients to clenched fists vigilance own, and loudly say "stop" words and try to remain vigilant. This is an indication control alertness ", this method requires further evaluation.

　这种指示控制松弛较为适宜，其他病例，让患者采用警觉策略较为妥当。有人采用进行性松弛，使患者在幻想中有足够隐蔽的暴露。但当先兆发生时，让患者握紧拳头来警觉自己，并响亮地说出“停止”之词和尽量保持警觉。这是一种“指示控制警觉”，这种方法仍需进一步评价。

　3) Relaxation Technique

　3）.松弛技术　　
　　Epilepsy patients in mental stress can induce seizures, the purpose of relaxation technique is the elimination of tension, it can avoid the seizures of epilepsy patients anxiety is also effective. This technology is to train a system to check himself in the head, neck, shoulder, back, waist, limbs, muscle tension, training in how to tense muscles relax. The method is very simple, is sitting in a chair, or lying in bed, half-closed eyes, preoccupied with the various parts of the body muscles, and pay-per-view command of his nervous system with muscles relaxed, in order to achieve the relaxed state of the body. When the method of learn to relax, such as longer experience tension using this method so that it relax, to achieve the purpose of treating disease.

癫痫患者在精神紧张时可以诱发癫痫发作，而松弛技术的目的正是消除紧张，这样可避免癫痫发作，同时对癫痫患者出现的焦虑紧张等也有效。这种技术就是训练一个人能系统地检查自己头部、颈部、肩部、背部、腰部、四肢的肌肉紧张情况，训练如何把紧张的肌肉放松下来。方法很简单，就是坐在椅子、或躺在床上，半闭着眼睛，全神贯注身体的各部分肌肉，并且按次指挥自己紧张着的肌肉松弛下来，以便达到全身松弛的状态。当学会放松方法后，如再遇到紧张则采用此法使其放松，以达到治疗疾病的目的。

文章来自：