英语泛读教程3--unit-3词汇表及课堂思考题.doc

英语泛读教程3 Unit 3
课前预习思考题：
①　 According to Richard Wiseman, why can't the audience perceive the secret actions performed by a magician in front of them? Could you give an example?
②　 Why are people suffering from autism less likely to be cheated by magicians?
③　 According to Wiseman, how do magicians manipulate our consciousness? Give an example to show that.
④　 What is the magic spot according to Parris? Why are scientists trying to map out how our brains are deceived?
⑤　 Do you think magic will lose its appeal if psychologists can find out the way magicians trick our brains? Why or why not?

Words and Expressions::
Text: Bursting The Magic Bubble
1. tinge: verb&noun
v: tinge sth with sth: to add a small amount of color to sth(轻微地给。。。着色，给。。。染色；to add
a small amount of a particular emotion or quality with disapproval 使略带。。感情/性质)
His dark hair was just tinged with grey.他有少许白发
a look of surprise tinged with disapproval带有几分不满的惊奇神情
noun: a small amount of a colour, feeling or quality淡淡的色调或痕迹
to feel a tinge of envy/regret/sadness感到几分嫉妒/遗憾/悲伤
【形近词】：tingle: n&v: 感到刺痛；刺痛感；兴奋感
The cold air made her face tingle冷空气冻得她脸发痛
2. scramble: noun&verb
noun: a situation in which people push, fight or compete with each other in order to get or do sth争抢，抢占，争夺；a difficult walk or climb艰难行走，爬，攀登
There was a mad scramble for best seats人们不顾一切地抢占最好的座位:
verb: to move quickly, especially with difficulty, using your hands to help you in order to get or reach sth迅速而吃力地爬，攀登，争抢，抢占，争夺

He managed to scramble over the wall她好不容易翻过墙
The audience scrambled for the exits.观众竞相朝出口涌去 scrambled eggs with tomatoes番茄炒蛋
3. surreal: adj. very strange, more like a dream than reality, with ideas and images mixed together in a
strange way离奇的，怪诞的，梦幻般的，超现实的 surrealism: 超现实主义
4. conjuror: noun: (also conjurer ) a person
conjure: to do clever tricks such as making things to appear or disappear as if by magic变魔法，变戏法
[PHRV] CONJURE UP: to make sth appear as a picture in your mind使。。。呈现于脑际，使想起 [SYN]EVOKE
When we think of adventures, many of us conjure up images of larger-than-life characters trekking to the North Pole.当我们想到探险，脑海中便呈现出那些与众不同的到北极探险的英雄人物
5. vanish: to disappear suddenly or/and in a way that you can’t explain(莫名其妙地)突然消失to stop
existing消亡，绝迹 The magician vanished in a puff of smoke魔术师在一股烟中突然不见了
6. map sth out: to plan or arrange sth in a careful and detailed way(精心细致地)规划，安排
Te has his career path clearly mapped out他精心规划了自己的前途
7. mechanic: 机械师，技工；（the mechanics）[pls] the way sth works or is done方法，手段
The mechanics of some tricks by contemporary magicians同时代魔术大师的一些魔术原理
8. aside from :( especially AmE) =apart from, as well as:出了。。外（都）；此外，加之
I’ve finished apart from/aside from the last question
9. in full swing: (of music) having reached a very lively level在热烈进行中；处于兴盛阶段
When we arrived the party was already in full swing and the dance floor was crowded.我们赶到时，聚会已进入高潮，舞池里挤满了人
swing: n&v: 摆动，摇摆，秋千
10. showmanship: skills in doing things in an entertaining way and getting a lot of attention主持演出的
技巧，主持艺术、表演技能
showman: a person who organizes public entertainments, especially at FAIRGROUNDS (尤指露天游乐场的)演出主持人，演出经纪人;善于引起公众注意的人，喜欢出风头的人
11. implicit：adj: suggested without being directly expressed含蓄的，不直接言明的
Implicit in his speech was the assumption that they were guilty.他话语之中的言外之意是设定他们有罪
12. blow sb away: to impress sb a lot or to make them very happy给某人留下深刻印象，使某人很高兴
13．dexterity：n: skill in using your hands, the ability to do sth skillfully (手) 灵巧，熟练，敏捷，技巧技能
You need manual dexterity to be good at video games 完好电子游戏手要灵巧
mental/verbal dexterity智能/说话技巧
14. impoverish: to make sb poor; to make sth worse in quality使贫穷，使贫瘠，使枯竭
impoverished peasants赤贫的农民 the impoverished areas of the city这个城市的贫民区
These changes are likely to impoverish single parent families even further.这些变革很可能使单亲家庭更加贫困
15. sleight: [IDM] sleight of hand: skillful movements of your hands that other people cannot see; an act of deceiving people in a clever way(隐蔽的)敏捷手法，灵巧手法；把戏，花招
sleigh: a sledge, vehicle that slides over snow, especially one pulled by horse (尤指马拉的)雪橇
16. blurred：adj, not clear, without a clear outline or shape
She suffered from dizziness and blurred vision她饱受头晕目眩视物模糊之苦
Everything is a blur when I take my glasses off. 我摘掉眼镜什么都变得模糊不清
17. impair：to damage sth or make sth worse损害，削弱
His age impaired his chance of finding a new job他的年纪影响了他找新工作的机会
impaired: adj. damaged or not functioning受损的，损坏的，出毛病的；having the type of physical or mental problem mentioned有（身体或智力）缺陷的，有。。。障碍的
hearing-impaired children听力受损的儿童 impairment: noun
18. kinetic: adj. of or produced by movement运动的，运动引起的 psychokinetic ability意念控制能
力
19. static: adj. not moving, changing or developing静止的，静态的，停滞的，静力的【OPP】DYNAMIC
a static population level稳定的人口水平
The balance sheet provides a static picture of the financial position at a point in time资产负债表反映出某一时间的财务状况
static electricity静电
20. voiceover / voice-over : information or comments in a film/movie, television program, etc that’re
given by a person who is not seen on the screen（电影或电视节目的）解说，画外音；旁白
She earns a lot of money doing voiceovers for TV-commercials.她为电视广告做解说收入很高
21. gauge: verb&noun
noun: an instrument for measuring the amount or level of sth测量仪器，计量器
verb：to measure sth accurately; to calculate sth approximately; to make a judgement about sth, especially people’s feelings or attitudes (用仪器)测量，估计，估算；判定、判断（尤指某人的感情态度）
We are able to gauge the strength of the wind from the movement of the trees.我们可根据树的摇动估计风力
They interviewed employees to gauge their reaction to changes他们与雇员谈判以判定他们的应变能力
22. autism: a mental condition in which a person is unable to communicate or form relationships with
others自闭症，孤独症
23. anterior cingulate: 大脑前扣带
24. incongruous: adj. strange and not suitable in a particular situation不合适的，不相称的，不协调的
such traditional methods seem incongruous in our technical age此类传统方法似乎跟我们今天的科技时代格格不入
【OPP】CONGRUENT: 全等的，叠合的，适合的，恰当的，相称的
They want to work in an organization whose values are congruent with their own
25. split second: a very short moment of time瞬间，刹那
26. get / come to grips with sth: to begin to understand and deal with sth difficult开始理解并着手处理
难题
27. juggle: 连续向空中抛接多个物体，玩杂耍，变戏法
28. practitioner：a person who works in a profession, especially medicine or law(尤指医学或法律界的)
从业人员；（formal）a person who regularly does a particular activity, especially one that requires skill习艺者，专门人才
29. fallible：able to make mistakes or be wrong会犯错误的 【OPP】INFALLIBLE
All human beings are fallible. 人人都难免犯错误
Human fallibility: 人容易犯的错误
30. get away with sth：to do sth wrong and not be punished for it.做坏事而未受惩罚
The criminals know how to play the system and get away with it

Testing Your Reading Comprehension And Speed
1. encore: noun, an extra short performance given at the end of a concert(音乐会或其它结束时)加演的节目（听众/观众提出再演一个的要求）
She played a Chopin waltz as an encore.她应听众的要求又演奏了一首肖邦的圆舞曲
2. artifact：（also artifact in AmE）
an object that is made by a person, especially sth of historical or cultural interest. 人工制品，手工艺品（尤指有历史或文化价值的）
3. curator：（博物馆或美术馆的）负责人，馆长
4. luminary: a person who is an expert or a great influence in a special area or activity专家，权威，有
影响的人物
leading luminaries of the art艺术上最杰出的人物
5. custom-made: adj. also custom-built: designed and built for a particular person为某人设计建造的，
定做的
6. stunning：① extremely surprising or shocking② extremely attractive or impressive 令人惊奇的，极有魅力的
a stunning woman魅力四射的女人
a stunning view of the lake无比优美的湖光水色
she suffered stunning defeat in the election她在选举中惨败
7. ingenious: adj. (of a person) having a lot of clever ideas and good at inventing things；(of an object, a plan, an idea, etc) very suitable for a particular purpose and resulting from clever new ideas（物体、计划、思想等）精巧的，新颖的，巧妙的 （人） 心灵手巧的，机敏的，善于创造发明的
an ingenious device / invention / experiment 精巧的装置；新颖的发明/实验
8. underlie: (formal) to be the basis or cause of sth构成。。。的基础；作为。。。的原因
they try to figure out what feeling underlies your anger.
underlying adj. important in a situation but not always easily noticed or stated clearly根本的，潜在的，隐含的
The unemployment may be an underlying cause of the rising crime rate.失业可能是犯罪率攀升的潜在原因
9. prospect：noun&verb: the possibility that sth will happen; the chances of being successful可能性，希望；前途，前景；成功的机会
verb: to search an area for gold, minerals, oil, etc 探矿，勘探，淘金
good career prospects美好的事业前途
At 25 he was an unemployed musician with no prospects. 25岁的他是个没有工作，前途渺茫的乐师
Traveling alone around the world is a daunting prospect. 想象着只身走遍世界颇令人心悸
10. abdominal pain腹痛 abdomen: （肠道）腹部
11. coronary: connected with the heart, particularly the ARTERIES that take hold of the heart冠状动脉的
12. catheter: a thin tube that is put into the body in order to remove liquid such as URINE导管（导尿管）
13.discernible: adj. (of sth) that can be recognized, understood or identified可识别的，可以觉察到的，能分辨出的
There is often no discernible difference between rival brands.相互竞争的品牌之间往往看不出明显的区别
14. tangible: that can be clearly seen to exist; that you can touch and feel有形的，实际的，真实的；可触摸的，可感知的
We can’t accept his findings without tangible evidence没有确凿的证据，我们不能接受他的调查结果
15. vessel：a large ship or boat; a tube that carries blood through the body of a person or an animal or liquid through the parts of a plant大船，轮船；（人或动物的）脉管，血管（植物的）导管
16. spleen：a small organ near the stomach that controls the quality of blood脾
17. quip：a quick and clever remark俏皮话，妙语 to make a quip讲俏皮话
18. insanity: the state of being insane精神失常，精神错乱
【形近词】insanitary (unsanitary in AmE) dirty and likely to spread disease不卫生的，不清洁的
19. disdain：noun &verb
noun: the feeling that sb/sth is not good enough to deserve your respect鄙视，鄙弃
She disdained his offer of help.他提出要帮助，遭到她的鄙弃
20. malign: adj&verb.
adj: (formal) causing harm 有害的，引起伤害的
a malign force / influence / effect 有害的势力/影响/作用
verb: (written) to say bad things about sb/sth publicly(公开地)诽谤，毁谤，中伤
She feels she has been much maligned by the press她觉得她遭到了新闻界的恣意诽谤
21. benign: adj: (formal)(of people) kind and gentle; not causing any harm; (medical)(of tumor) TUMORS，growing in the body not dangerous or likely to cause death.善良的，和善的，慈祥的；【医】（肿瘤）良性的
22. pathology: ①the scientific study of disease; ②an aspect of sb’s behavior that is extreme and unreasonable and that they can not control病理学；变态，反常
23. turn sth around/round （使企业经济、局面等）扭转，好转
If the economy turned around, the prime minister’s authority would quickly increase.如果经济好转，首相的威信会大增
24. totem pole图腾柱
25. cynicism：愤世嫉俗
26. deflate：to let air or gas out of a tyre, balloon, etc, to become smaller because of air or gas coming out; to make sb feel less confident放掉轮胎气球等的气；使瘪下来，使泄气，挫。。。的锐气【OPP】INFLATE
DEFLATION:通货紧缩；泄气，放气；INFLATION:充气，通货膨胀
27. unambiguous: clear in meaning; that can only be understood in one way意思清楚的，明确的，毫不含糊的
an unambiguous statement/definition明确的陈述/定义

Home Reading: what is so funny about humor

1. wire sth up: to join things together using wire用金属丝把…连接在一起
2. mirth: (written) happiness, fun and laughter欢乐，欢笑
the performance produced much mirth among the audience这场演出使观众笑声不断
3. interdisciplinary：adj. involving different areas of knowledge or study多学科的，跨学科的
interdisciplinary research跨学科研究
4. fellowship：friendship；伙伴关系，友谊an organized group of people sharing an interest, aim or belief具有共同利益、目的或信仰的团体、协会、联谊会；the state of being a member of an academic or professional organization（学术或专业团体的）会员资格
5. empirical: adj: based on experiments or experience rather than ideas or theories以实验（或经验）为依据的，经验主义的
empirical evidence/knowledge/research实践经验的证明/从经验中获得的知识/ 以实验为基础的研究
6. caption: noun&verb:
noun：words that are printed underneath a picture, cartoon, etc, that explain or describe it(图片、漫画等的)说明文字
verb: to write a caption for a picture, photograph, etc给图片照片等加说明文字，为。。。配字幕
【近义词】：subtitle字幕
The film-makers have captioned all of the songs in the movie电影制片人给影片中所有的歌曲配了字幕
7. hereditary: adj. (of illness) given to a child by its parents before it is born;遗传的，遗传性的 that is legally given to sb’s child, when that person dies.世袭的，有世袭头衔的
Epilepsy is hereditary in her family癫痫是她家的遗传病
8. readout：(of computing)a display of information on a computer screen(计算机)信息读出；目视读出
9. serotonin: 血清素
10. dilation: 膨胀，扩大 dilate: to become or make sth larger, wider or more open扩大，使膨胀，扩张
dilated pupils / nostrils 扩大了的瞳孔，张大了的鼻孔
Red wine can help to dilate blood vessels.红葡萄酒有助于扩张血管。
【形近词】dilute 稀释
11．Correlate: if two or more facts, figures, etc. correlate or if a fact, figure, etc. correlates with another, the facts are closely connected and affect or depend on each other
A high-fat diet correlates with a greater risk of heart disease.
Stress levels and heart disease are strongly correlated (= connected) .
correlate with：be connected with
Poverty and poor housing correlate with a shorter life expectancy.
Lack of prenatal care correlates strongly with premature birth.
12. resonance: ( formal ) ( of sound ) the quality of being resonant 声音回响，响亮；共鸣，共振；
Her voice had a strange and thrilling resonance.
Resonant: adj.
( formal ) ( of sound ) deep, clear and continuing for a long time 嘹亮的，响亮的，回响的，悠扬的，谐振的
a deep resonant voice 深沉而响亮的声音
a violin made of fine resonant wood用共鸣质良好的木材制作的小提琴
13．adaptive：able to change when necessary in order to deal with different situations有适应能力的
14．Indulge in sth：to allow yourself to have or do sth that you like, especially sth that is considered bad for you; to be too generous in allowing sb to have or do whatever they like 沉湎，沉迷，沉溺于。。。放纵，听任
They went into town to indulge in some serious shopping. 她们进城去大肆购物
She has never been one to indulge in gossip.
She did not believe in indulging the children with presents. 她认为不能惯着孩子们要什么就给什么
I occasionally indulge a cigarette.我偶尔抽支烟享受下
15．grim：looking or sounding very serious; unpleasant and depressing严肃的，坚定的，阴冷的，令人不快的，令人沮丧的
The outlook is pretty grim前景令人担忧
The house looked grim and dreary in the rain这房子在雨中显得阴森凄凉
a grim-faced policeman表情严肃的警察
We face the grim prospect of still higher unemployment我们面临着失业率进一步攀升的黯淡前景
16．rudimentary： a rudimentary knowledge or understanding of a subject is very simple and basic，not fully or highly developed or advanced；rudimentary equipment, methods, systems etc are very basic and not advanced : 【OPP】 SOPHISTICATED : 未充分发展的，原始的，简单的，基本的；
Gradually I acquired a rudimentary knowledge of music. 渐渐地我对音乐有了一个基本了解
Subsistence farming in its most rudimentary form 最原始方式的自给式耕作
The classroom equipment is pretty rudimentary.教室里的设备相当简陋
17．Pathetic: making you feel pity or sadness; weak, useless and unsuccessful可怜的，可悲的，令人怜惜的，无力的，无用的
The starving children were a pathetic sight看到饥饿的儿童是一副凄惨的景象
18．subsume：to include sth in a particular group and not consider it separately将。。。归入或纳入
All this phenomena can be subsumed under just two broad categories.所有这些不同现象均可归入两大类
19．gadfly：a person who annoys or criticizes other people in order to make them do st