高考英语复习-形容词、副词用法(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,专题-形容词、副词,Maker:Strong,11th,Jan 2007,1,高考考点归纳,1.比较级和最高级,1).形容词和副词的比较级,最高级的特 定结构,2).修饰形容词,副词比较级和最高级的 词的顺序,3).比较级结构和潜在比较级的问题,2.形容词,副词的意义和用法,3.形容词,副词的排列顺序,2,形容词,1.定义,是修饰名词表示名词属性的词,常放在它所修饰的名词之前,Eg:I have a big bag.,32.基本用法:,可做 1),定语,(放在名词前);2),表语,(放在系动词后);3),宾语补足语,;,4)the+形容词可转化为名词,1)Jim is a,diligent,boy.,2)John is,honest,and,warm-hearted,.,Father got,angry,when he heard the news.,3)You must keep the room,clean,.Dont leave the door,open,.,4),The young,are,energetic and enthusiastic.,4,3.几种特殊情况，须牢记：,1).形容词短语作定语，定语后置。,eg.a language difficult to master,a leaning tower about 180 feet high,2).表语形容词（afraid,alike,alone,asleep,awake,alive 等）作定语，定语后置 如 a man alive,有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well,faint,ill 只作表语。,sick既可作表语又可作定语，ill 如作定语意为“bad”。,3).形容词用作定语，修饰不定代词通常后置。,4).else 常用作疑问代词 和不定代词的后置定语。,5,5).多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序,如果两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时，与被 修饰的名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词；如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多，则,音节少的形容词在前，音节多的在后,。如：,a small beautiful room,。,常用的顺序为：,记住：限数描形新颜国材（名词）,Eg:The first beautiful large long new red Chinese concrete bridge.,请译：一个漂亮的崭新中国式陶瓷大花瓶。,a nice big new Chinese china vase,6,4.复合形容词的构成,1.形名ed kind-hearted white haired,2.形形 red hot dark blue,3.形 现分 good looking easy going,4.副词 现分 hard working fast moving,5.副词 过分 hard won newly made,6.名 形 life long world famous,7.名 现分 peace loving fun loving,8.名 过分 snow covered hand made,9.数 名 ed four storeyed three legged,10.数 名 ten-year two-man,7,5.,形容词的比较等级,表示形容词,原级,的句型：,双方相等时，,用句型“.as+形容词原级+as./“.the same,（+名词）+as.”,Eg:He is as intelligent as his sister.,He has the same intelligence as his sister.,He is,as intelligent,a student,as,his sister.,8,双方不相等时，,用句型“.not so/as+形容词原级+as.”/“.be different from.”,Learning English is not so hard as learning Russia.,English is not,so difficult,a subjectas,Russia.,9,一方是另一方的若干倍时,，,表示倍数的结构有以下几种：,1.,A,is three(four,etc.)times/half/one third the size(height,length),of,B.,如：,Their library is twice the size of ours.,2.A,is three(four,etc.)times/half/one third as big(high,long),as,B,.,如：,The new bridge is three times as long as the old one.,3.A,is three(four,etc.)times/half/one third bigger(higher,longer),than,B.如：,Your school is three times bigger than ours.,10,4.表示形容词比较级的句型：,1)表示一方,超过,另一方时，用“形容词比较级+than.”，而且可以用much,even,a lot,any,still,a bit,a little,a great deal,times,%,far,by far等副词修饰形容词比较级；,The weather of this year is,a lot hotter than,that of last year.,Is this hotel,any better than,the one we lived,in last time?,11,2)表示一方不如另一方时，用“.less+形容词原级+than.”；,I admit that I am less brave than you.,He is less nervous than you.,3).,表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用,“,the+比较级,.,the+比较级,.”（越越）,如：The harder he works,the happier he feels.,4).,不与其他事物 相比，表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级 and+比较级”结构，表示,越来越,Our country is becoming,more and more,beautiful,and,richer and richer,.,12,5).more.than与其说倒不如说,It is more like a wall than a spear.,They are more like father and son than teacher and student.,Smith is more diligent than intelligent.,6).not+比较级 纯表示比较,no+比较级 含有对两者的否定,I am not better at English than you.,I am no better at English than you.,(Imply:Neither you nor I am good at English.),13,7）某些以ior 结尾的形容词进行比较时，,用,to,代替,than,.这些词有,inferior,(劣等的，次的），,superior ,junior,(资历较浅的）,senior,。,如：he is superior to Mr.Zhang in chemistry.,8)倍数表达法,1.A is+倍数 the size(height/length/width/depth)of B,2.A is+倍数 as as B,3.A is+倍数 比较级 than B,注意：times 表三倍以上，两倍用 twice/double,形容词 修饰不定代词时放在后面.,Eg:I didnt get,anything,valuable,from the speech.,If you listen carefully,you will find something,new,.,14,对以上句型要特别注意在,具体语言环境中的灵活运用,。例如：,What do you think of his voice?,I dont think I,have ever heard a bettervoice.,该对话的答语以比较级的形式表达了最高级的含义，意思等于“,I think his voice is the best”,。,The trip could not have been better.,The,Changjiang,River is longer than,any other river in China.,The,Changjiang,River is longer than,any river in Korea.,15,副词用法,1.定义：指用来修饰动词，形容词，其他副词以及全句，表示时间，地点，程度，方式等概念，反映动作行为以及陈述事情的性质特征,2.作用:修饰动词；修饰形容词；修饰副词,3.位置:通常放在形容词前动词之后,4.多个副词作修饰语时的顺序:,）地点状态（方法）时间,Eg:I drove,downtown quickly this morning,.,）副词副词短语,Eg:We arrived,safely at the station,.,16,用做状语,修饰动词,形容词,副词,词组,或整个句子.,1.They,listened,to the teacher,attentively,and,took,notes,every now and then,.,2.The ticket is,terribly,expensive,.,3.I like English,very,much.,4.He is,really,a good man.,5.,Obviously,he is telling a lie.,Actually/luckily/generally/unfortunately etc,常用来修饰句子,.,17,注意,:,1.,名词,+ly,构成形容词,;,形容词,+,ly,构成副词,friendly,lovely,lively,homely,manly(,形容词,),friendlily,livelily,happily (,副词,),2.fast,early,straight,既是形容词又是副词,不加,ly,.,He runs fast.,Can you give me a fast answer?,18,两种副词形式的比较,有些常用副词，两种形式，意义不同。如：,close 接近（指距离）closely 仔细地；密切地,free 免费 freely 自由地；自如地,deep 深 deeply 深刻地,hard 努力地 hardly 几乎不,wide 宽 widely 广泛地,high 高 highly 高度地,late 晚；迟 lately 近来,most 最 mostly 主要地；绝大多数地,19,形容词副词的比较级和最高级,可分规则和不规则2种形式,1.规则变化,单音节词一般在词尾加,-er,和,-est,如果以,-e,结尾的单音节词，仅加,-r,和,-st,eg:large,如果已辅音字母加,y,结尾的少数双音节词，把,y,变成,i,再加,-er,和,-est,，例如：,happy,如果单音节词以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节，需双写词尾再加,-er,和,-est,例如：,bigbiggerbiggest,如果以,er,ow,结尾的少数双音节词,加,-er,-est,eg:clever,narrow,不以,y,er,ow,结尾的双音节词,全部多音节的形容词或副词，形式上与分词相同的形容词以及以,ly,结尾的副词,都在词前加,more,most,20,常见的不规则变化的词有：,good/well?-?bad/ill?,many/much?little?,far?,3.无比较级的情况,）某些程度副词，如:quite,rather,completely,relatively,fairly等与形容词连用已具有“比较”含义，故这时句中的形容词不能再使用比较级,）下列几类形容词也没有比较级：,a.表示“终极”或绝对概念的,如:absolute(ly),blind,dead,full,entire,living,round,wrong etc.,b.表示时间，方位或方向的,如:back,forward,front,past,weekly,monthly,present,southern etcc.部分表示事物性质，物质材料或结构成分的形容词,如atomic,cultural,golden,political,wooden etc.,d.本身具有“最”或“唯一”概念的形容词,如:maximal,mere,only,unique etc.,21,重要词语辨析,very 和 much 的区别,可分等级的形容词和副词前使用very 不用 much.,表示状态的过去分词前用very。,如：a very frightened boy ;a very tired child,a very complicated problem,以-ing ,-ed 结尾的分词 多用 much,very much,greatly 修饰。,如：We were greatly shocked by the news about Tom.,too 前用much 或 far,不用very,You are much/far/a lot too nice.,注意：修饰绝对意义的形容词，一般不用very,而用 quite,completely,well,entirely 等修饰。,如：quite wrong/mistaken/sure;completely dead;quite impossible,quite perfect 等。,22,1.(北京卷)23.This _ girl is Linds cousin.,A.pretty little Spanish,B.Spanish little pretty,C.Spanish pretty littleD.little pretty Spanish 形容词顺序,练习:,23,2.（山东卷）28.Mr.Smith owns _ collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met.,A.largerB.a largerC.the largerD.a large,24,3.(广东卷)27.John is very lazy.He falls _ behind in his studies.,A.very B.far,C.more D.still 副词,25,4.（湖北卷）28What a table!Ive never seen such a thing before.It is_,it is long.,Ahalf not as wide as,Bwide not as half as,Cnot half as wide as,Das wide as not half,26,5.(江苏卷)22.-How is everything going on with you in Europe?,-Quite well.Not so smoothly as I hoped,_.,A.though B.instead,C.either D.too,27,6.(江苏卷)28.David has won the first prize in singing;he is still very excited now and feels_ desired to go to bed.,A.the most B.more,C.worse D.the least,28,7.（全国卷3）6Is your headache getting_?No,its worse.,Abetter BBad,Cless Dwell,8.(江西卷)34Must I turn off the gas after cooking?,Of course.You can never be _,careful with that.,Aenough Btoo,Cso Dvery,29,9.（上海卷）41.There was such long queue for coffee at the interval that we _ gave up.,A.eventually B.unfortunately,C.generouslyD.purposefully,30,10.（上海卷）44.At times,worrying is a normal,_ response to a difficult event or situation-a loved one being injured in an accident,for example.,A.effective B.individual,C.inevitable D.unfavorable,31,11.（浙江卷）13.My mother always gets a bit _ if we dont arrive when we say we will.,Aanxious Bashamed,Cweak Dpatient,32,12.（浙江卷）18.Bob ran the 100 meters in 9.91 seconds,and I have not seen _ this year.,Athe bestBBetter,Cthe most DMore,13.（天津卷）6.If it is quite _ to you,I will visit you next Tuesday.,A.convenient B.fair,C.easy D.comfortable,33,14.（安徽卷）31.John is the tallest boy in the class,_ according to himself.,A.five foot eight as tall as,B.as tall as five foot eight,C.as five foot eight tall as,D.as tall five foot eight as,34,