1、As的用法: 1.按传统用法,用as…as 表比较和用 so…as 表比较二者有别。 so…as 结构传统上用于否定句,( 如莎士比亚“不如井深” ), 和疑问句中(如在如她所说的那样糟糕吗? ), 和某些if 从句中(如在 如果象你所说的那样糟,你就该离开 )。 但so…as 结构在美国英语中日趋少见, 而在所有语境中使用as…as 现在则是完全可以接受的。 在有as…as 和 than 同时用作比较时, 在书面语中,第二个as 应该保留。 一种写法He is as smart as,or smarter than,his brother,(他如他兄弟一般聪明,甚至超过他了) ,而不应写
2、成 He is as smart or smarter than his brother, 这在正式文件中被认为是不可接受的。在很多方言中,用as 代替 that 如 We are not sure as we want to go 或 It's not certain as he left 。 这种结构在书面语中尚不成立。当as 表示一个因果关系时,前面应有逗号, 如She won't be coming, as we didn't invite her。(她不会来这里,因为我们没有邀请她) 。 当用于表示时间关系时,as 前没有逗号: She was finishing the pai
3、nting as I walked into the room.[x] She was finishing the painting as I walked into the room(我走进房间的时候她刚好画完画)。 2. 当as 引导一个从句且位于句首时,应注意弄清 as 是表示“原因”还是表示“与…同时”。 句子As they were leaving,I walked to the door 既可表示我向门口走去,因为他们离开了,也可表示在他们离开的时候,我向门口走去。 as 有时赘用,引导动词的补助成分诸如 consider,deem, 和 account, 。 如在他们
4、将此认为是民权运动的里程碑。 认为此测量标准不必要。 这种用法也许源于词的类比用法regard 和 esteem , 在此as 这种形式的用法是标准的: We regarded her as the best writer among us.[x] 我们认为她是我们中最好的作家。 as用法小结 (1) as用作连词 ① 作“当……的时候”解,引导时间状语从句,表示从句动作与主句动作同时发生、同时进行。As he looked at her she made a face. 他看她时,她作了个鬼脸。/ He sang as he walked. 他一边走,一边唱。 ②
5、 作“由于”、“因为”解,引导原因状语从句,表示比较明显的原因。由as引导的原因从句通常放在主句之前。As he didn't know much English,he got out his dictionary and looked up the word. 由于他不懂得多少英语,他拿出来词典查了这个词。 ③ 作“如 (不如)……一样”解,引导方式状语从句或比较状语从句。He does not speak as the other people do. 他不像其他人那样肯说话。He is not so diligent as you. 他不如你勤奋。(so…as…只用于否定句。若为肯定句
6、必须用as…as…) ④引导让步状语从句时,作“虽然”、“尽管” 解,这时,要将表语或状语提到主语之前,使句子部分倒装。如果表语是名词,放在句首时不能加冠词。Young as he is, he knows a lot. 尽管年轻,他懂得很多。Old man as he is, he still works hard. 尽管他是个老人,他仍然工作很努力。 (2) as用作代词 ① 作关系代词,引导限制性定语从句,先行词前常有such,the same与之呼应,构成such...as,the same (…) as…。We'll make such computers as are n
7、eeded in different branches of science. 我们将制造出科学的各部门所需要的那种计算机。/ I'm reading the same books as you. 我读的书与你读的书相同。 ②引导非限制性定语从句,as常常作主语、定语、表语等,在这种情况下as指的是前面或后面的整个句子。The two cities are far away from each other, as you can see in the map. 正如你在地图上看见的那样,这两座城市相距甚远。/ As everybody knows, all that glitters is
8、not gold. 大家都知道,闪光的东西不都是金子。 3) as if (as though) 用作连词,作“就像…似的”“仿佛”解 (1) as if (as though)引起的方式状语从句或表语从句中动词一般用虚拟语气, be通常为were或was。如从句动作与主句动作同时发生,从句用一般过去时;若从句动作在主句动作之前发生,从句用过去完成时。Jane shouted in surprise as if she saw the land. 珍妮惊喊着,好像看见了陆地。/ Tom is talking about China as if he had been there. 汤姆
9、正在谈着中国,好像他去过一样。 (2)若主句谓语动词为look,seem,taste,smell等词时,as if引导的表语从句常常使用陈述语气。 It looks as if it is going to rain. 看起来天好像耍下雨。/ This meat tastes as if it has already gone bad. 这肉尝起来好像已变坏了。 (3)当从句中主语和句子主语一致,从句谓语又包含动词be时,这个主语和be可以省略。He glanced about as if (he was) in search of something. 他四处打量着好像在搜寻什么。 (
10、4) as if (as though)可以接一个不定式短语。He waved his hand to me as if to have something to tell me. 他向我挥了挥手好像有事要告诉我。 辨析:as,when与while as,when,while作为连词,都有“当……的时候”的意思。* as常可与when或while通用,但它较强调主句和从句中的动作或事情同时发生。因此,常作“一面……一面……”解。 * while常表示一段较长的时间或一个过程,强调主句的动词和从句的动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的。用while引导的从句中用延续性动词。 As (Wh
11、en/While) I was walking down the street, l noticed a police car in front of Number 37. 我沿着大街往前走的时候,注意到37号门前停着一辆警车。/ When the clock struck twelve, all the lights went out. 钟敲12下时,灯全熄了。/ When I went into the lab, the professor was doing an experiment. 当我走进实验室时,那位教授正在做实验。/ Please keep quiet while other
12、s are studying. 别人在学习的时候,请保持安静。/ While I was writing letters last night, he was watching TV. 昨晚我在写信的时候,他在看电视。 误:As he is old, my teacher works hard. 正:Old as he is, my teacher works hard. 尽管我的老师年龄很大了,但是工作很努力。 误:So as to catch the early bus, he got up very early. 正:He got up very early so as to
13、in order to) catch the early bus. 他起早是为了赶早班车。 拓展:as a matter of fact实际上; as a result (of)结果; as far as就……而言;远至as follows如下as for至于,关于as long as只要; as well as还,也; as to至于,关于; as many as (表可数)和……一样多,达……之多 as用法小结 一)as作副词,表示程度,意为“同样地”。在“as...as...”,“not as...as...”结构中的第一个as是副词,作“和/与...(
14、不)一样”解。eg: Jack is as tall as his father.杰克和他的父亲一样高。 He doesn't speak English as/so fluently as you.他的英语说得不如你流利。 二)as作介词。 1.作“如,像”解。eg: They got united as one man.他们团结得像一个人一样。 2.作“充当,作为”解。eg: As a writer,he was famous.作为作家,他是很有名的。 三)as作连词,常用来连接主句和状语从句。 1.引导时间状语从句,
15、作“当...的时候”解,有“随着...”之意,与while意义相近,强调两个动作同时发生;或某事一发生,另一事立即发生。eg: He shouted aloud as her ran along.他一边往前跑,一边高声地呼喊。 I was startled as he opened the door.他一开门,我吓了一跳。 as作连词,相当于when。eg; As a little boy (When he was a little boy)he began to learn to play piano.他小时候就开始学弹钢琴。 2.引导原因状语从句,作
16、因为,由于”解,与because的用法相近。eg; I must stop writing now,as I have rather a lot of work to do.我必须停笔了,因为我还有许多工作要做。 3.引导方式状语从句或比较状语从句,作“正如,(如)像”解。例eg: As in your country,we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south.正如(像)你们国家一样,我们在北方种小麦,在南方种大米。(方式状语从句) When at Rome,do as Romans do.入乡随俗。(方
17、式状语从句) 4.引导让步状语从句,作“虽然,尽管”解。这时从句常用倒装语序,即把从句中的表语、状语或动词原形放在as之前。eg; Strange as it may seem,it is true.尽管这事看上去很奇怪,但却是真的。 Try as he might,Tom could not get out of the difficulties.不管怎样努力,汤姆还是摆脱不了困境。 四)as作关系代词。 1.引导限制性定语从句,用在“such...as”,“the same...as”,“as...as”等结构中,常译作“像...一样的人(或物)”,
18、凡是...的人(或物)”。例eg: He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was.他曾希望做一个像雷锋那样的人。 My hometown is no longer the same as it was.我的家乡再也不像过去一样了。 2.引导非限制性定语从句,用来指代它前面的整个句子(即先行句),意思是“这一点”。这个分句可以位于句首、句中或句末。eg: As is well known,oceans cover more than 70% of the earth.我们知道,海洋占地球面积的百分之七十以上。 五)
19、含as的固定词组的用法 1.as soon as作“一…就”解,引导时间状语从句。eg: As soon as I get to Beijing,I'll write to you.我一到北京,就给你写信。 2.as/so long as作“只要”解,eg; As/So long as you study hard,you'll make progress.只要你努力,你就会取得进步。 3.as if/though常用来引导方式状语从句,作“好像,仿佛”解。如果从句中讲的是非真实情况,则用虚拟语气。eg: She loves the child
20、as if/though he were her own.她爱这个孩子如同爱自己的孩子。 As if/though也可用来引导表语从句,常用在“It appears/looks/seems...+as if/though”句型结构中。eg; It appears as if/though it is going to clear up.看起来天要晴了。 It seems as if/though he knew nothing about it.他好像对此事一无所知。 4.as to作“关于,至于”解。eg; There is no doubt as t
21、o his honesty.他的诚实是无可置疑的。 5.as much/many as作“多达...”,“达到...之多”解。eg: He can earn as much as 5000 dollars a month.他每月能挣5000美元。 6.so/as far as I know作“就我所知”解,在句中作插入语。eg: As/So far as I know,he will come here next Monday.据我所知,他将于下星期一到这里来。 7.as a result,as a result of表示“由于...的结果”。eg: She died as a direct result of the accident.她的死是那次事故的直接结果。 8,as well为“也,还”之意。eg: Come early,and bring your brother as well.早点来,把你的弟弟也带来。 9.so as to,so...as to若跟动词原形,表示目的或结果。eg: He studied hard so as to pass the exam.他努力学习以便通过考试。(表示目的)






