对划线提问.doc

第一类：对划线提问
归纳总结:
1)对具体时间提出疑问，如 in the morning, last Sunday等，疑问词用when；对具体几点钟提问，疑问词应用what time
2)对具体地点提出疑问，疑问词应用where
3)对表原因的从句提问，常见的有because引导的从句，疑问词应用why
4)对方式或程度等提出疑问，用疑问词How
1. The teachers had a meeting yesterday.（对划线部分提问）
________ ________ the teachers have a meeting?
2. I often go to school at six.
______ _______ do you _______to school?
3. The pupils are having a picnic at the foot of the hill.（对划线部分提问）
_________ ________ the pupils having a picnic?
4. We used to stay in a hotel by the sea on family holidays. (对划线部分提问)
_________ ________ you use to stay on family holidays?
5. Xiao Cheng didn't go to the farm with us because he was ill.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _____ Xiao Cheng go to the farm with us?
6. His father often goes to school by bike.
________ ________ his father often ________ to school?

How-句的总结：
How many,对数量提问
How much,对价格提问
How long,对时间长度提问:
for+一段时间（for two hours /one week）
since +过去的时间（since last year）
How often,对时间频率提问:如once a year, twice a week等提问
How many times,对具体次数提问:如once, twice, three times等提问
How soon,对in＋一段时间提问:如in two years等提问
How far,对距离提问:如about two kilometers, three minutes’ drive等提问
历年真题
1. Two pandas from China will stay in a British zoo for ten years. (对划线部分提问)（2011年 杨浦）
will two pandas from China stay in a British zoo?
2. Anderson plays tennis twice a week. (对划线部分提问)
__________ __________ does Anderson play tennis?
3. These families will move to the new housing estate in two weeks.（对划线部分提问）
_________ _________ will these families move to the new housing estate?
4. We’ve been close friends since we met at school last year. (对划线部分提问) (2012闵行区)
_______ ________ have you been close friends?
5. Mr. and Mrs. Brown have already been to China twice .（对划线部分进行提问）
____________ ___________ times have Mr. and Mrs. Brown already been to China?
6. Mr. Smith has taught in our school for three years. （对划线部分提问）
___________ ___________ has Mr. Smith taught in our school?
7. The Shanghai International Arts Festival is held once a year. (对划线部分提问)
_______ ______ is the Shanghai International Arts Festival held?
8. The American spacecraft Galileo traveled and worked in space for 14 years. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ did the American spacecraft Galileo travel and work in space?
9. The Whites will move to a new house in two months.（对划线部分提问）（2011年 黄浦）
________ ________ will the Whites move to a new house?
10. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater.
______ ______ did you pay for the sweater?
11.It’s about two kilometers from here to the country.（对划线提问）
______ _____ _____ _____ from here to the country?
第二类：同义句转换
第一组：spend、pay、take 、cost等词之间的转换
常见的替换句型有：
spend：花钱，花时间
1.人+spend+ money/time+ on sth
人+spend+ money/time + (in) doing sth
2.pay:花钱( 过去式paid)
人+pay+ money+ for sth
3.cost :花钱（过去式cost）
物cost sb+ money
4. take花钱，花时间 (过去式took)
It takes sb +一段时间+to do sth
I spent two yuan on the book.→ I paid two yuan for the book → The book cost me two yuan. → It took me two yuan to buy the book.
实战演练：
1. David spent two hours finishing his report last night. (保持句意基本不变)
It David two hours finish his report last night.
2. Laura spent one week finishing reading the book Harry Potter.(保持句意不变)
It ___________ Laura one week _______ finish reading the book Harry Potter.
3. James spent ten years making this amazing film. (保持句意不变)
_________ __________ James ten years to make this amazing film.
4. I spent four hundred yuan in buying that recorder.
That recorder ________ ________ four hundred yuan.
5. She usually ________ much time shopping in the supermarkets.
A. spends B. costs C. takes D. pays
6. It will ______ me too much time to read this book.
A. take B. cost C. spend D. pay
7. This science book ____ me a great amount of money.
A. took 　 B. cost 　 C. used  D. spent 
第二组 so．．．that与too．．．to do/ enough ……to 的转换
1.由so…that…引导的结果状语从句可转化为too…to do或…enough to do……例如：  
A：The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it.
B：The box is too heavy for me to carry.
或：The box isn’t light enough for me to carry.

A：The child is so old that he can go to school.
B：The child is old enough to go to school.
2.由so that 引导的目的状语从句可转化为in order to do例如：
   A：My father got up early this morning so that he could catch the early bus.
B：My father got up early this morning in order to catch the early bus.

实战演练
1. The boy is so short that he can’t reach the buttons of the lift.(改为同义句)
    The boy is __________ short __________ reach the buttons of the lift.
2. The weather was so cold that we couldn’t go swimming. (保持句意基本不变)
The weather wasn’t _______ ______for us to go swimming.
3. The problem is too difficult for me to work out.
The problem isn’t ________ ________ for me to work out.
4. Farmers are using fires to clear the land in order to plant crops. (保持句意不变)
Farmers are using fires to clear the land they can plant crops.
5. The water was so dirty that we couldn't drink it. (保持句意不变)
The water was______ dirty for us ______drink.
6. The poor child was so lucky that she received many books from Project Hope. (保持句意不变)
The poor child was ______ ______ to receive many books from Project Hope.

第三类：反意疑问句

方法：总结成八个字：前肯后否，前否后肯

（1）当陈述部分有never，seldom, hardly，few，little，barely, scarcely, nothing，none, rarely 等否定意义的词汇时，后面的反意疑问句则为肯定形式，疑问部分用否定形式。如：There will be less pollution, won't there?
There are few apples in the basket, ______ ______ ?
He can hardly swim, ______ ______?
They seldom come late, ______ _____ ?
(2) 但如果主句的时态是过去时等等，疑问句应和主句的人称时态保持一致。
had better或have
　　陈述部分有had better,或其中的have表示完成时态时，疑问句应用hadn’t等开头：
　　You’d better get up early, _______ ________?
　　其他情况句中有have时疑问句应用don’t等开头
　　如have表示“有”的时候，有两种形式：（have 表示有 可用do或 have来改写）
　　-He has two sisters, doesn't he? =He has two sisters, hasn't he?
　　-He doesn't have any sisters, does she?
　(3) 以Let's开头的祈使句，疑问句必须用shall we;只有以Let me/us开头的祈使句，问句才用will you。
　　e.g. Let us know the time of your arrival,____ _____?
　　　 Let me help you,_____ ____ ?
实战演练：
1. Helen never gets angry with her students. (改为反义疑问句)
Helen never gets angry with her students, ________ _________?
2. There were thousands of football fans in the square last night.(改为反意疑问句)
There were thousands of football fans in the square last night, _______ ________?
3. Micro-blogging service helps to improve students' writing skills. (改为反意疑问句)
Micro-blogging service helps to improve students' writing skills, ?
4. Miss Green has never done any online shopping. 改为反意疑问句)
Miss Green has never done any online shopping, ?
5. The cormorant’s feet are used to push it quickly through the water. (改为反意疑问句)
The cormorant’s feet are used to push it quickly through the water, _____ _____?
6. Tom didn’t take part in the after-school activity yesterday. (改为反意疑问句)
Tom didn’t take part in the after-school activity yesterday， ________ __________?
7. Let’s take a picture in front of the fountain. (改为反义疑问句)
Let’s take a picture in front of the fountain，__________ ________ ?
8. Your mother has never tried shopping on the Internet. (改为反意疑问句)
Your mother has never tried shopping on the Internet, __________ __________?

第四类：一般陈述句变成一般疑问句

方法：一般疑问句：变一般疑问句时，含有be动词、have /has/do等助动词（尤其对于完成时has/have/had+ done结构）、can/may等情态动词的句子，只需将它们移至句首，第一个字母变为大写，句尾改为问号即可。含有实义动词的句子，在实义动词前加do, does, did等。变化过程中也要注意某些词语和人称的变化。
它的基本结构是：Be/Have /Has/Did/Can等助动词（包括情态动词）＋主语＋谓语（包括表语）＋┄？回答常用简略回答。
1.谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时，只要直接把这些词置于句首，句末改成问号。
eg. There’s something wrong with his bike.（改成疑问句）
______ _____ _______ wrong with his bike?
2、谓语动词是行为动词时，必须在句首加上助动词Do、Does（三单）、Did（过去式）加上这些助动词后，句子中谓语动词必须用原形。
eg. 1) Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改成一般疑问句）
______ Edison ______ a science lab himself when he was ten？
2) Those Japanese like Chinese food.（改成一般疑问句）
_____ those Japanese ________ Chinese food?
注意：在把肯定句改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候: already要改成yet
some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。
另外，在改成否定句的时候注意把too改成either, both改成neither, all改成none等.在改成一般疑问句的时候，常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。
练习题：
把下列的陈述句变成疑问句
1. Ann returned the book to the library yesterday. （改为一般疑问句）
______Ann ______the book to the library yesterday？
2. Kate does morning exercises every day. （改为一般疑问句）
______ Kate ______morning exercises every day？
3. We can see some birds.(一般疑问句)
______ ______ see ______ birds?
4. There is a computer in my house.(一般疑问句)
______ ______ a computer in house?
5. There are some flowers on the teachers’ desk.(一般疑问句)
　______ ______ ______ flowers on the teachers’ desk?
6．He’s already finished his homework．（改为一般疑问句）
______ he finished his homework ______？
7. She beat her classmates in tennis. （一般疑问句）
___________ she __________ her classmates in tennis?
8. Jack does his homework every day. （一般疑问句）
___________ Jack _____________ his homework every day?
9. I had a fever yesterday. （改为一般疑问句）
________ you _______ a fever yesterday?
10. There’s something to eat in the cupboard. （改为一般疑问句）
______ there______ to eat in the cupboard？

第五类 ：变成否定句

方法：一、含有系动词、情态动词等助动词的句子改为否定句时，在系动词、情态动词等的后面加not就行了。例如：is/am/are+not，have/has /had + not can/could/must/should+not
1. He was late for school yesterday.
He________ late for school yesterday.
2. The students of No.2 Middle School have gone for a picnic already.
The students of No.2 Middle School______ ______ for a picnic yet.
二、祈使句变否定句一般在其前加don’t。如：
3. Open the window.
______ open the window.
三、实义动词的否定式是在实义动词前加don’t, doesn’t, didn’t等。如：
4. She does the housework every day.
She ____ _____ the housework every day.
5. He returned the book to the library this morning.
He ____ ____ the book to the library this morning.
注意：变否定句时须注意某些词语的变化，如some改为any, something改为anything, already改为yet, both改为neither, all改为none等。又如：
6. Both of them are my best friends.
______of them is my best friend.
练习题
把下列的句子变成否定句
1．My sister has been to Canada，too．（改为否定句）
My sister ______ been to Canada，______．
2．Tom does his homework in the evening．（改为否定句）
Tom ______ ______ his homework in the evening．
3. There are some apples on the tree.(否定式)
　 There ______ ______ ______ apples on the tree.
4. I think he is very old.(否定句)
I ______ think he ______ very old.
5. Please color it green.(否定句)
　______ ______ color it green.
6. We can speak good English.(变否定句)
　We ______ ______ speak good English.
7. I have to go to my guitar lesson. （变为否定句）
I ___________ __________ to ___________ to my guitar lesson.
8．My mother always goes shopping on Sundays．（改为否定句）
My mother ______ goes shopping on Sundays．
9. He began to learn the accordion at the age of four. （否定句）
He ___________ _______ to learn the according at the age of four.

第六类：被动语态

被动句的句型：助动词be+过去分词构成：即be +done

will / can/must + be done
have/had been done
1. We must keep the noise under 50 dbs(分贝)here. ( 改成被动语态)
The noise must under 50 dbs here,
2. We cannot drink the water in those lakes. (改为被动语态)
The water in those lakes ________ _________ drinken.
3. We publish our school newspaper twice a month. (改为被动语态)
Our school newspaper _______ ______ twice a month.
4. The terrible earthquake destroyed thousands of houses in that area. （改为被动语态）
Thousands of houses in that area _________ ___________ by the terrible earthquake.
5. The university will invite many graduates to celebrate its 100 its100th birthday. （改为被动语态）
Many graduates will _________ _________ by the university to celebrate its 100th birthday.
6. They built a bridge between the two islands last year. （改为被动句）
　A bridge ______________ _____________ between the two islands last year.
7．We can store a lot of information in the computer. (改为被动语态)
　A lot of information ________ __________ stored in the computer.