定语从句复习课件ppt.ppt

.TheAttributiveClause(定语从句)在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后，对其先行词起限定作用。ThisisTom.Tomgaveusatalkyesterday.-ThisisTomwho(that)gave us a talk yesterday.先行词定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which引导定语从句的关系副词有：where,when,why一、who,whom,whose引导的定语从句1.who在从句中作主语，不可省略，它所引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词必须是人。e.g.Thisisthedoctorwhocame her yesterday.2.whom在从句中作宾语，它所引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词必须是人，可以省略。e.g.Theman(whom)you saw last week has left the town.注意：在从句中作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在whom之前，也可放在原来的位置上。在含有介词的固定动词词组中介词只能放在原来的位置上。e.g.a)Themanfrom whom I borrowed the bookisLiLei.=Themanwhom I borrowed the book fromisLiLei.(前句中的whom不可省略，后句中的whom可省略)b)Thegirlwhom he is taking care ofisill.(takecareof是固定词组)3.whose在从句中作定语，表示所属关系，其所修饰的先行词既可是人也可是物。e.g.Iknowthewomanwhosehusband is a doctor.Helivesinthehousewhose window faces south.二、that,which引导的定语从句这两个代词均指物，它们所引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词是物,通常情况下，它们可以互换。1.that,which在从句中作主语，不可省略。e.g.Heroisthefilmthat/which was directed by Zhang Yimou.2.that,which在从句中作宾语，可以省略。e.g.Isthisthefilm(that/which)you talked about last week?注意：关系代词在作介词宾语时，只能用which且不能省略。e.g.Thehousein which he once lived is a meeting-room.=Thehouse(which)he once lived inisameeting-room.知识拓展：引导定语从句的关系代词that和which，在一般情况下，尽管可以互换使用，但在下列情况下，只能用that，而不用which：1.先行词是复合不定代词everything,anything,nothing等时。e.g.Shedidntforgetanything(that)her mother had told her to buy.2.先行词被序数词或thelast修饰时。e.g.Thisisthefirsttextbook(that)I studied in the primary school.Heisinthelastrowthatis next to the window.3.先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。e.g.Thatisthehighestbuilding(that)I have ever seen.4.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame等修饰时。e.g.Thisistheverynovel(that)you want to borrow.5.先行词是或被all,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时，e.g.Ivewrittendownall(that)the teacher doesnt allow us to do.Theyhaventgotanydictionaries(that)we need.6.先行词既包含人又包含物时。e.g.Hetoldusmanyinterestingthingsandpersons(that)we had never heard.7.主句是以who,which引导的特殊疑问句时。e.g.Whoistheman(that)you spoke to just now?Whichisthebookthatwas stolen by him?8.先行词是主句的表语或关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。e.g.Chinaisnolongerthecountry(that)it used to be.三、关系副词where,when,why引导的定语从句（在从句中作状语）1.where表示地点，它引导的定语从句修饰表地点的先行词。e.g.Thisisthevillagewhere he was born.c.f.Thisisthevillage(that/which)he visited last year.2.when表示时间，它引导的定语从句修饰表时间的先行词。e.g.Illneverforgetthedaywhen I joined the League.c.f.Illneverforgettheday(that/which)we spent together.3.why表示原因，它引导的定语从句修饰表原因的先行词。e.g.Thereasonwhyhe didnt come yesterdayisquiteclear.定语从句专练：()1.Thenumberofpeoplelosthomesreachedasmanyas250,000.A.whichB.whoC.whomD./()2.ThisisthemostbeautifulpartIhavevisited.A.which;everB.that;neverC.which;yetD.that;ever()3.Mynecklaceisnottheonlythingismissing.A.thatB.whichC.whatD./()4.WeretalkingaboutTonny,youmetyesterday.A.withwhoB.whomC.whichD.that()5.IsthistheverymuseumsomeJapanesevisitorsvisitedlastWednesday?A.oneB.whereC.thatD.whichB BD DA AB BC C()6.ThebookcoverisredisToms.A.whichB.thatC./D.whose()7.TheplaceIgrewupisabeautifultown.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.fromwhich()8.Idontthinkthenumberofpeoplethishappensisverylarge.A.whoB.towhichC.thatD.towhom()9.DoyoustillrememberoneeveningaweekagoIcametoyourroomandborrowedadictionary?A.beforeB.whichC.whenD.as()10.Isthatthenovelabouttheytalkedinclassyesterday?A.whichB.thatC.whoD./D DC CD DC CA A宾语从句中考题练兵：一、单项选择()1.Idontthinkhewillcomehereontime,?(重庆)A.wontheB.willheC.doesheD.ishe()2.Willyoupleasetellme?(上海)A.wherePudongAirportisB.howfarPudongAirportwasC.howcanwegettoPudongAirportD.whenwasPudongAirportbuilt()3.ItsnotpolitetoaskpeopleinEngland.(常州)A.howmuchmoneyyouhavegotB.whattheweatherislikeC.whatyourcitylookslikeD.howoldareyou()4.Iwonderifhetonight.Ifhe,Illletyouknow.(扬州)A.willcome;willcomeB.comes;comesC.willcome;comesD.comes;willcomeB BA AA AC C()5.IcantsayIwanttoseehimagain.Wehaventseeneachotherfornearlythreeyears.(镇江)A.howlongB.howsoonC.howoftenD.howmuch()6.Mr.GreentoldmethatheonatripnextSunday.(通化)A.aregoingB.wasgoingC.willgoD.wouldgoing()7.OurgeographyteachertoldusthatJapantheeastofChina.(河北)A.isinB.wasinC.istoD.wasto()8.Nobodyknowshellcomeornot.(辽宁)A.thatB.ifC./D.whetherD DB BC CD D二、按要求改写句子1.“Doyouwanttotrysomethingnew?”Tomsmotheraskedhim.(改为复合句,句意不变)(济南)Tomsmotheraskedhimtotrysomethingnew.2.Couldyoutellmethewaytothestation?(改写句子,句意不变)(青岛)Couldyoutellmetothestation?3.“Ihavefinishedmyhomework.”Johntoldme.(改为复合句,句意不变)(天津)Johntoldmethathomework.4.IdonthowIcanreachthezoo.(改为简单句)(宿迁)Idontknowthezoo.if/whetherif/whetherhehewantedwantedhowhowI Icancangetgethehehadhadfinishedfinishedhishishowhowtotogetgettoto三、根据汉语提示,完成句子.1.我还没有决定是否去参加迈克的生日聚会。(黑龙江)IhaventdecidedIwillgotoMikesbirthdayparty.2.据说在南京长江上又建了一座桥。（南京）Itssaidthatbridge_overtheChangjiangRiverinNanjing.3.请你告诉我这把锁是用什么制成的好吗？(无锡)Wouldyoupleasetellmeme?4.你能告诉我他从美国回来多久了？Canyoutellme?whetherwhetherorornotnotanotheranotheris isbeingbeingbuiltbuiltwhatthislockismadeofwhatthislockismadeofhowlonghehasbeenbackfromtheUSAhowlonghehasbeenbackfromtheUSA()5.The visitor wants to know_from Dongguan to Guangzhou.A.how far it is B.how far is it C.how long it is D.how long is it()6.He asked me _ during the summer holiday.A.where had I gone B.where I had gone C.where I had been()7.Could you tell me _?A.whats your trouble B.what is she talking C.what your name was D.what her address isACD