PETS3--PETS3串讲冲刺_听力口语(2007)课程电子版教材.doc

新东方在线 [] 网络课堂电子教材系列 PETS3串讲
PETS3串讲听力、口语讲义
主讲：梅雪

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听力
开场白
PETS3听力水平相当于大学英语四级水平

大纲要求
PETS第三级考试的听力理解试题由A、B两节组成，考查考生理解口语的能力。A节包括10个题目，每题为1分，共10分。此节旨在考查考生理解事实性信息的能力。要求考生根据所听到的10段短对话（总长约400词，总持续时间约3分30秒），从每题所给的4个选择项中选出最佳选项。每题有15秒答题时间（5秒用作听前读题，10秒用作听后答题）。B节共有15题，每题1分，共15分，考查考生理解总体和特定信息的能力。要求考生根据听到的4段对话或独白（每段平均约长200词，持续1分40秒～2分10秒，总长约800词，持续8分30秒），从每题所给的4个选择项中选出最佳选项。每题有20秒答题时间（5秒用作听前读题，15秒用作听后答题）。A、B两部分的所有录音只播一遍。听力理解部分所需时间约为25分钟。在PETS第三级满分为110分的笔试部分，听力理解的总分值为25分。在PETS第三级试卷构成中，各部分的得分经过加权处理，听力与阅读两部分所占的分数权重属最高，均为30％。

考点提要
1、对选项的理解的替换
2、选项的混淆
1）声音上的混淆
2）形象上的混淆
3）意思上的混淆
3、问题的替换
4、脑筋急转弯

解题
1、看清问题
2、对症下药，听关键词
3、意义理解找对路

题型剖析
一、含义推断题
无法从对话中直接找到答案，从上下文推导答案
1、选项特征
四个选项为长难句
2、问题特征
What + 关键词 + mean?
What do we learn from the conversation?
What can we infer from the conversation?
What can be concluded from the conversation?
What does the passage infer / imply?
含义推断题主要根据两个对话者所谈的内容进行进一步的推断，从更深层次上考查考生对对话内容的理解程度。
1、听清语调表达的意义
降调：表示对事物的肯定
升调：表示对事物的怀疑、否定和不解
2、委婉否定和虚拟语气在含义推断题中所占比例不小，所以掌握这两种语法是正
确解题的关键
3、第二个讲话人的具体内容往往是解题中心
4、需要运用一定的英语国家文化背景以及常用的习语表达方式

W: Look here, darling. The paper says people tend to feel unwell if they sleep less than six hours a day.
M: That may be true for you, but it certainly isn't true for me.
Q: What can we conclude from the man's reply?
A) He wants to have more sleep.
B) His wife doesn't sleep well.
C) Women need more sleep than men.
D) He doesn't need as much sleep as his wife.
答案是D。找弦外之音。男的说报上说的六个小时睡眠不能少，对妻子也许对，对自己不对，言外之意自己不用睡那么多。

M: Think it over carefully, you must have left it somewhere.
W: But the problem is that I have to have it now. I need it to use my car and when I get home, to open the door.
Q: What happened to the woman?
A) She lost her way.
B) She lost her keys.
C) She lost her car.
D) She lost her handbag.
答案是B。没有直接讲钥匙，但开车和开门非用钥匙不可，凭常识判断即可。

M: Let's see if the basketball game has started yet.
W: Started? It must be clear who is winning by now.
Q: What does the woman mean?
A) She is sure who is going to win.
B) Now it is a good time to start the game.
C) The game has been going on for a long time.
D) The same team always wins.
答案是C。女的说，不是开始的问题，差不多是决出胜负的时候了，由此可知比赛已进行较长时间了。

重复强调的两种形式：
1、B中重复A中信息并加以解释说明，答案选与该信息不同或相反的选项
2、B中直接以重复A中的信息结束，答案就为该信息
A: Hi, Are you looking for a young man who is looking for a watch?
B: A young man, madam?
Q: What are they looking for?
A) Young man B) Young woman C) Watch D) Young gentleman

M: Congratulations! I understand you've got a job. When will you start to work?
W: You must be thinking of someone else. I'm still waiting to hear the good news.
Q: What does the woman mean?
A) She doesn't need the job.
B) She hasn't got a job yet.
C) She has got a good job.
D) She is going to start work soon.
答案是B。女的讲她在等着好消息，说明还没有找到工作。

M: Is Jane looking forward to going home for the summer?
W: She is counting the days.
Q: What does the woman imply?
A) Jane is looking for a summer job.
B) Jane is packing for the summer vacation.
C) Jane is on her way home.
D) Jane is eager to go home for the vacation.
答案是D。女的说Jane在数着日子，说明她焦急地盼望暑假回家。

二、计划与行动题
1、选项特征
四个选项是动词或不定式，或主语相同，动词开始不同
2、问题特征
What does the man want / plan to do?
What happened to the man?
What are they going to do?

W: Jim, there's a really good view over there.
M: Sorry, we can't stop here. There's nowhere to park.
Q: What is the man doing?
A) Walking. B) Boating. C) Driving. D) Shopping.
答案是C。

M: Would you like to come with me to the theater?
W: No, not today. I've got some sewing to do now, but you can get some tickets for next Saturday.
Q: What does the woman want to do next weekend?
A) Go and see a performance.
B) To get some tickets.
C) Go and buy a new dress.
D) Do some sewing at home.
A) 将来
B) 男人将来
C) 无
D) 女人现在
答案是A。

三、建议与请求题
1、出题特点
说话人中的一方提供某种帮助或提出某种请求，而另一方则做出肯定或否定的反
应。
把对话中凡是中心话题是试图影响劝诱对方，期待对方给予答复的建议、邀约、说
服、提议等都归入“suggest”。
将命令、指示、要求等话题归入“request”。
2、提问方式
How did the man respond...?
What will the man do?
What is the man going to do?
What does the man offer to do?
What does the man suggest / propose / advise / want to...?
What does the woman probably do?
3、解题技巧
1）抓住建议请求处做题。句式为：
（1）包含情态动词的句子
（2）祈使句
（3）反意问句
（4）否定疑问句
（5）包括有表示建议词汇的句子
How about...?
Why not...?
Wouldn't...?
You'd better...
Let's...
Shall we...?
2）考场思路
（1）观察选项
（2）边听边预测
a、留心选择对话中动词的同义词
b、留心被提供或请求一方的态度是肯定或否定，关键词为but或任何转
折、矛盾的词
（3）在问题的过程中调整测试重心

W: I'm so tired today that I can hardly stay up tonight.
M: Just leave the work to me.
Q: What does the man offer to do?
A) He will leave with the woman.
B) He will stay up tonight.
C) He will do the work for the woman.
D)He will stay with the woman.
正确答案是C。

W: I'm thinking of taking five courses next semester.
M: Wouldn't four be wiser?
Q: What does the man mean?
A. There are too many courses offered to students.
B. The woman should take fewer courses next term.
C. The man will take four courses next semester.
D. It is wiser to take more than four courses.
答案是B。

有关建议题的几种形式
1）在A句当中出现建议，听B句的回答
2）在B句中直接以建议结尾，答案就为该信息
3）在B句中有but加上建议，答案选but后面的信息

四、赞成与否定题
1）一人用肯定的方式表达，则另一人表示赞同
yes, sure, of course, That's a good idea., out of question, no problem,
by all means
2）表示不赞同、不完全赞同或反对
no, not really, not likely, sorry, I'm not sure., please don't, I am afraid not,
not at all, no way, out of the question
3）一人用否定表述，则另一人若表示赞同
no, of course not, you don't
表示反对
yes, of course, you do
一些短语、句型等可以含蓄地表达否定的意义
never, scarcely, seldom, scarcely seldom, rarely, hardly, barely, unable,
impossible, incapable, unnecessary, unbelievable, little, ill-minded, no one,
nobody, none, nothing, neither, nor, dislike, ignore, fail, refuse, hate,
stop ... from, miss, overlook, keep ... from, far from, anything but, without,
instead of, out of, short of, too ... to ..., rather than, prefer ... to, beyond
提请考生注意：
1）双重否定表示肯定意义
not impossible, not untrue, can't agree more, not unusual,
not single ... absent, no one ... not
2）当all, every, many, always等与not同时出现在一句话中时，构成部分否定（或部
分肯定），意思是“并非全都，不是每个”等。
3）虚拟语气表述的内容在事实上是不存在的（即对所表述的内容是否定的）。
值得注意的是，有时否定并不靠词或短语表达，而是通过语气。比如反意疑问句也是否定的表达方式，另外，but引导的句子实际上就暗含了对前面的否定。

M: I sent a letter to make a reservation for a single room a few days ago.
W: I'm sorry, your request arrived too late. There are some conferences in town this week and we're full up.
Q: Are there any spare rooms at hotel?
A) No, all the rooms are taken.
B) Yes, there is a double room.
C) Yes, there are some spare rooms.
D) Yes, there is a single room.
答案是A。关键词是we're full up（客满）。

W: You have arranged to meet Mr. Johnson on Wednesday. So I don't have to write to him, do I?
M: There's no need to write to him.
Q: What are the speakers talking about?
A) The arrangement of the Wednesday meeting.
B) Where they are going to meet Mr. Johnson.
C) The necessity of writing to Mr. Johnson.
D) Who is going to contact Mr. Johnson.
答案是C。两人都讲到没有必要给约翰逊先生写信，这是讲话的主要目的，提到遇见只是交待不必写信的背景。

五、虚拟语气与条件关系题
1、虚拟语气与条件关系如何区分
2、条件关系句型都有哪些
if, unless, suppose, in case, as long as, with / without
3、虚拟语气的句型
1）if虚拟句
a、表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语的主要形式为：
从句：过去式
主句：should / would / could / might + 动词原形
b、表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语的主要形式为：
从句：had + 过去分词
主句：should / would / could / might + have + 过去分词
c、表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语的主要形式为：
从句：过去式
主句：should / would / could / might + 动词原形
特殊形式：
当从句所发生的时间与主句发生的时间不一致时，可以使用错综时间条件句
如：一个是与过去事实相反，一个是与现在事实相反
If we had left a little earlier, we wouldn't be late.
2）If only后的从句，用过去时表示与现在相反，用过去完成时表示与过去相反，也可用情态动词could, would等 + 动词原形，表示对将来的憧憬，如：
If only it would stop snowing!
3）用as if, as though引导的状语从句中多用虚拟语气，用过去时表示与现在相反，用过去完成时表示与过去相反，如：
You look as if you had seen a ghost.
4）在以for fear that, lest, in case引导的目的状语从句中，可以用should + 动词原形表示虚拟，也可以用may或might，如：
He is studying hard for fear that he should / might / may fail the exam.
5）wish后面的虚拟宾语从句，用过去时表示与现在相反，用过去完成时表示与过去相反，也可用情态动词could, would等 + 动词原形，表示对将来的憧憬，如：
I wish I had been to France.
4、虚拟语气与关系推理题答题的要领
虚拟语气和条件关系句都是考点句。二者的推理方式不同，因为虚拟语气句往往与事实相反，所以考的是正反推理；条件关系句考的是假设推理，因此区分虚拟语气与条件关系句是解题的关键。

W: I wish my hair was longer.
M: Yes, pity you had it cut. If only you'd listened to me.
Q: What can we learn from the dialogue?
A) The man didn't want the woman to have her hair cut.
B) The woman followed the man's advice.
C) The woman is wearing long hair now.
D) The man didn't care if the woman had her hair cut or not.

答案是A。

六、地点题
1、提问方式
Where did / does the conversation take place?
Where is the man / woman probably going?
Where will the man go first?
Where does the woman live now?
2、答题要领
边听边记笔记，抓住能反映场所的关键词语
3、分类
1）对谈话中涉及的场所进行提问

M: Has George returned from Europe yet?
W: Yes, but he had been only here for three days before his company sent him to Canada.
Q: Where is George now?
A) Europe. B) Here. C) Canada. D) California.
答案是C。

W: Do you enjoy life in Washington?
M: Yes, indeed. I'm planning to move to New York or Boston. Anyway, I've never regretted my earlier decision.
Q: Where does the man live now?
A) In New York. B) In Boston.
C) In Newport. D) In Washington.
答案是D。

2）对谈话所在场所进行提问
school / university - 学校：
department, dean, college, professor, student, tutor, academic report, lab, undergraduate, graduate, bachelor's degree, assignment, academic year, registration, freshman, sophomore, junior, senior, postgraduate, full-time, scholarship, essay, term paper, student center, credit, required / compulsory course, elective / optional course, master's degree, doctor's degree, lecture, teaching assistant, dining hall, campus

airport or on plane - 飞机场或在飞机上：
airliner, boarding card, destination, cancel a flight, delay, check in, luggage, fasten the safety belt, crew, take off, land, departure time, arrival time, passport, visa, luggage check

restaurant - 饭馆：
make a reservation, order, wine, beer, whisky, soup, bread, rice, noodle, hamburger, hot dog, sandwich, pizza, apple pie, potato, tomato, meat, pork, chicken, mutton, pie, roast, fry, steam, main food, pay bill, cash, go Dutch, menu, beefsteak, waiter / waitress, customer, salad, tip, soft drink, dessert

library - 图书馆：
librarian, reader, card, lend, borrow, renew, return, call number, catalog, overdue fine, reference book, latest / current issue, back issue, journal

post office - 邮局：
registered mail, regular mail, transfer, cable, parcel, package, postage

hospital - 医院：
surgeon, physician, dentist, physical examination, prescription, symptom, take temperature, give an injection, blood pressure, operation, fever, bad cold, lung cancer, cough, take medicine, pill, tablet, capsule, ward

bank - 银行：
current account, service charge, cash the cheque, saving / check account, account, savings, deposit, draw out, credit card, open an account, deposit money, draw money, interest rate, exchange rate, foreign currency

W: We have several accounts, Mr. Brown. The best interest rate is for the customer global account, but you must maintain a monthly balance of 100 dollars.
M: That would be fine.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?
发生地点是bank。

七、人物身份关系题
1、常用提问方式
What kind of job does the man have?
What is the man's profession?
What most probably is Mary?
What is the relationship between the two speakers?
Who is talking to the woman / man?
Who do you think the man / woman is?
2、答题要领
抓住关键词，同时注意说话者的语气和态度。另外，地点状语也会暗示正确答案。
1）teachers and students - 师生之间：同校园场景
2）classmates - 同学之间：student's union, student center, dormitory
3）librarian and student - 图书管理员与学生之间：同图书馆场景
4）shop assistant and customer - 售货员与顾客之间：同商店场景
5）waiter / waitress and diner - 侍者和客人之间：同饭馆场景
6）doctor and patient - 医生和病人之间：同医院场景
7）husband and wife - 夫妻之间：同家庭场景。而且谈论的话题会非常广泛，但考
生可以体会到对话双方说话语气十分亲密
3、分类
人物关系题、职业判断题、人物身份判断题

W: How long will it take you to fix my watch?
M: I'll call you when it's ready. But it shouldn't take longer than a week.
Q: What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A) Librarian and student. B) Operator and caller.
C) Boss and secretary. D) Customer and repairman.
答案是D。

M: How about the food I ordered? I have been waiting for 20 minutes already.
W: Very sorry, sir. I'll be back with your order in a minute.
Q: What's the woman's job?
A) A shop assistant. B) A telephone operator.
C) A waitress. D) A clerk.
答案是C。

W: Excuse me, sir. I'm going to send this parcel to London. What's the postage for it?
M: Let me see. It's one pound and fifty.
Q: Who is the woman most probably speaking to?
A) A railway porter. B) A bus conductor.
C) A taxi driver. D) A postal clerk.
答案是D。

八、因果关系题
1、常见的表示因果关系的词语和短语
because, for, since, as, now that, in that, due to, owing to, as a result of,
on account of, that is why, that is why the reason, the reason why,
give rise to, bring about, lead to, result in
as a consequence

M: The students' English club is having a party on Saturday night. Can you come?
W I would like to, but I work at a restaurant on weekends.
Q: Why can't the woman go to the party?
A) Because she has got an appointment.
B) Because she doesn't want to.
C) Because she has to work.
D) Because she wants to eat in a new restaurant.
答案是C。

M: Nancy, why were you late today?
W: I overslept and missed the bus.
Q: Why was Nancy late?
A) She got up later than usual.
B) The bus was late.
C) She forgot she had classes.
D) Her clock was slow.
答案是A。

M: Hi, Susan. I hear that you walk all the way to the office these days.
W: Yes. I have found great pleasure in walking. That's the type of exercise I enjoy very much.
Q: Why does the woman walk all the way to the office?
A) She takes it as a kind of exercise.
B) She wants to save money.
C) She loves doing anything that is new.
D) Her office is not very far.
答案是A。

九、时间和数字题
1、时间题的提问方式
When did the