非谓语动词的逻辑主语.ppt

三种非三种非谓语动词谓语动词 的的 逻辑逻辑主主语语1.非非谓语动词谓语动词意意义义上的行上的行为执为执行者就是其行者就是其逻辑逻辑主主语语.如果其如果其逻辑逻辑主主语语与非与非谓语动谓语动词词之之间间是主是主动动关系关系,则则非非谓语谓语动词动词要用主要用主动语态动语态形式形式;如果如果是被是被动动关系关系,则则用被用被动语态动语态形形式式.2.一一.不定式的不定式的逻辑逻辑主主语语1.1.一般来一般来说说,动词动词不定式的不定式的逻逻辑辑主主语语就是句中的主就是句中的主语语.I am sorry to hear that.We need oxygen to breath.He was seen to go out with a man.3.He wants to learn English.Some stars are too small to be seen.This point to be explained is about the long history of iron.4.2.2.在以在以“宾语宾语不定式不定式”的复的复合合结结构中，构中，宾语宾语就是不定式的就是不定式的逻辑逻辑主主语语She wants you to call him back at 11.I often heard him sing the song.5.They want the machine to be tested at once.3.3.在在“for/of”+名名词词（或代（或代词词的的宾宾格）格）动词动词不定式不定式的的结结构中，构中，“for/of”后的名后的名词词（或代（或代词词的的宾宾格）格）为动词为动词不定不定式的式的逻辑逻辑主主语语This is for you to decide.6.I dont think it advisable(可取可取的）的）for her to study medicineThere are a lot of experiment for the students to do.This box is too heavy for him to carry.7.Its important for the students to learn a foreign language.Its very kind of you to dinner.二二动动名名词词的的逻辑逻辑主主语语He avoided giving us a definite answer.8.Have you finished reading the book?Ive been looking forward to going to Beijing for a long time.Norman hated being a fool.9.2.动名词的逻辑主语如果不与句子的主语一致，则该动名词前一般有一个物主代词或名词所有格作为它的逻辑主语这种“物主代词或名词所有格动名词”结构就是动名词的复合结构它在句中具有主语，表语、定语或宾语的功能。10.Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.Do you think her going there will be of any help?They all thought Lao Lis going there a great mistake.I had no idea of their having done such a thing.11.注意:在现代英语中,尤其是在口语中,如果不是在句子的开头,这种逻辑主语常可用名词的通格(或人称代词的宾格)来代替,这比用所有格更自然些.He didnt like young people/them smoking.She was awaken by someone knocking at the door.12.三三.分分词词的的逻辑逻辑主主语语1.分分词词作状作状语时语时,其其逻辑逻辑主主语语就是句中的主就是句中的主语语.When heated,water will be changed into vapour.Given enough time,he would do it better.13.While heating water,we can change it into vapour.Being a league member,he always sets a good example to others.14.2.分分词词作作宾语补宾语补足足语时语时,宾语宾语就是其就是其逻辑逻辑主主语语.Suddenly I head the door opened.Suddenly I heard someone opening the door.15.3分分词词作定作定语时语时,被修被修饰饰的名的名词词就是其就是其逻辑逻辑主主语语.The hours being built is our laboratory.Officials say diseases caused directly by smoking kill at least 320,000 Americans every year.16.Some companies are offering special gifts and lower prices to people signing an agreement to stop smoking.17.4.4.分分词词独立独立结结构构分分词词作状作状语时语时,有有时时其其逻辑逻辑主主语语与句中的主与句中的主语语不一致不一致,它可它可以有自己的以有自己的逻辑逻辑主主语语.该逻辑该逻辑主主语语通常用名通常用名词词的通格或代的通格或代词词的主格表示的主格表示,放在分放在分词词的前的前面面.18.构成构成”名名词词通格通格(或代或代词词主格主格)+分分词词”的的结结构构,称称为为分分词词独立独立结结构构.该结该结构通常修构通常修饰饰整个句子整个句子,表表示示时间时间、原因、条件或伴随情、原因、条件或伴随情况况.The problem having been solved,we ended the meeting.(=having solved the problem,we ended the meeting.19.The rain having ruined her cap,she had to buy a new one.The night being dark,she was afraid to go there.He rushed into the room,his face covered with sweat.20.注意注意:分分词词独立独立结结构主要用于构主要用于描描绘绘性文字中性文字中;口口语语中用状中用状语语从句或并列句更自然些从句或并列句更自然些.21.5.分分词词独立独立结结构前面有构前面有时带时带有有“with/without”,构成构成”with/without+宾语宾语(名名词词或代或代词词)”结结构构,表示伴随情况表示伴随情况.With him staying here in the house,I felt quite safe.He lay in his bed with eyes closed.22.