模块2-Unit-1-单元重点句型及练习.doc

课 题
Language points of unit1(M2)
授课时间及时段

教学目标

1、 掌握本单元重点句式及用法；
2、 在实战演练中运用所学知识，提升高考应试能力。
赶紧回想一下，温故知新哦！
一． Introduction(引入)：
基础回顾：

1._________ _______ _______ lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes.
里面站着许多白皮肤，眼睛又黑又大的奇怪生物。
[解读]　该句为一完全倒装句：主语较长，为使句子平衡，将表语置于句首，系动词与主语直接颠倒。
[仿写]　一个有一双大眼睛的害羞女孩坐在房间的后面。
_______ at_the_back_of_the_room ______a shy girl with two big eyes.
So，while we have not dismissed the idea，we are looking into other possibilities as well.所以，尽管我们不排除这种想法，但是我们也在调查其他的可能性。
[解读]　while引导让步状语从句。
[仿写]　她虽然是一个可爱的姑娘，但有时却很难与她共事。
_____________________________，she can be difficult to work with.
The aliens took me aboard the UFO so that they could do research on me.
外星人把我带到UFO的船舱里，目的是对我做研究。
[解读]　so that在该句中引导目的状语从句。
[仿写]　为了他能上一个好的大学，他父亲做了一切能做的事情。
His father has done what he can __________he can be admitted into a good university.
The Yeti is said to be a large，hairy animal... 据说野人身体庞大，毛茸茸的……
[解读]　sb．/sth.be said to do意为“据说……”。
[仿写]　据说在这次事故中有300人受伤。
300 people ____________________________in the accident.
让我们一起来看看需要解决的问题吧？
二．Practise while learning
1． Police in America have stepped up their search for a fifteen-year-old boy who went missing three days ago.
step up 1)加紧，加强，促进 2）走向前去
Ex.1)The factory _______________________ the production to meet the increasing demand.
2) Women’s social position in China has been much ____________________ in the past 50 years.
3) John waited until the teacher had finished speaking to Mary , and then he ________________________
search n./vi./vt. 搜索，搜寻，搜查
in search of =in one's search for 寻找。。。
search for sb./sth. 寻找某人/某物
search sb./a place 搜某人身 /搜查某地方
search sb./a place for sth. 在某人身上/某处搜查某物

EX.1）.The police _____________ the house ____________ the stolen jewellery.(警察在那栋房子里搜寻被偷的珠宝)
2）To support the family ,they left home ______________________ work three months ago.(为了养家，他们三个月前离开家找工作。)
3).We have ____________________ some of your favourite recipes.(我找出了几本你最喜爱的菜谱。)
4)After ______the area for three hours, the police found the truck near a river. A.searching B. searching for C. in search for D. looking for
go missing 不见了，失踪 go +adj. 常指由好变坏或正常情况变成了特殊情况，也可接表示颜色的形容词。如，go bad ____________ go wrong__________ go mad/crazy/wild _______________ go sour ______________
go red go grey ____________ go hungry ____________
Ex.1)I think you __________________________.(我想你在发疯。)
2） Food __________________________easily in summer.(夏天食物容易变坏。)
2.(教材P2)Standing inside were lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes.
里面站着许多白皮肤，眼睛又黑又大的怪物。

该句为倒装句，standing inside是现在分词短语作表语提前。正常语序是：Lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes were standing inside.，此倒装句结构为：现在分词＋地点状语＋be＋主语。
完全倒装常用类型：
(a)当表语是分词、形容词、副词、介词短语，主语比较长且主语是名词时，为了保持句子平衡，常把表语放在句首，引起句子全部倒装。句型为：形容词/分词/副词/介词短语＋地点状语＋be＋主语。
(b)There be句型中的be用表示“存在”的动词live，exist，lie，stand，seem，rise，remain，happen，come，go等替代。
(c)当副词there，here，out，in，on，up，down，away，back，now，then等放于句首，谓语动词是go，come，run，lie，stand等，且主语是名词时，多用倒装句。
①Also_____________________ a professor from Peking University.出席会议的还有来自北京大学的一位教授。
②_________ _______ a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project.
人们对于这个项目的实用价值仍然有某种怀疑。
③_____________________________！邮递员来了！
④________ around the lake_______ trees of different kinds. 那个湖周围种着各种各样的树。
[点津]　(1)副词在句首的倒装句，谓语动词用一般现在时态或者一般过去时态，而不能用进行时态。
⑤There comes the bus.公交车来了。
⑥Then followed a heavy rain.后来下了一场大雨。
(2)当主语是代词时，不用倒装句。
⑦There he_comes．他来了。
3. (教材P18)The Yeti is said to be a large，hairy animal...　据说野人身材魁梧，全身毛发……
“ 主语＋be said to do”意为“据说……”，其中不定式有时态和语态的变化。该结构相当于“It is said that...”。
to do/be（表现在或者将来）
sb./sth. be said to be done
意为：据说某人/某物做/是... to be doing
to have done
to have been done
1)to be doing 强调动作正在进行
He is said to be studying in Shanghai.
2)to have done强调动作已经完成或者先发生
He is said to have studied in Shanghai.
上述句型可转化成：It is said that sb./sth. ..
可以用于此结构的动词还有：think，report，believe，suppose，expect，suggest，find等。
①She is said to want to become a teacher in the future.
＝_______________she wants to be a teacher in the future. 据说她将来想当老师。
②It_is_said_that she is writing a book. ＝She ___________________a book.据说她正在写书。
③Scientists_____________ the treatment for the disease.＝It’s said that scientists have found the treatment for the disease. 据说科学家们已经找到了这种疾病的治疗方法。
4.Witnesses also say they saw Justin walking towards his house at 10.45p.m.
witness n.目击者，证人，见证人 vt.目击；目睹
a witness to sth. 某事的目击者；证明
witness sth. 目击某事
判断witness 在下列各句中的意思和词性：
1） The police found the witness to the murder. ____________
2） You cannot sign your will without witnesses.
3） She witnessed our wedding ceremony. __________________
EX:1）He ______________________the accident on the highway.
2) The last thirty years has witnessed great changes in China.译：_________
感官动词（see,watch,observe,look at,hear,listen to, notice ）的用法，如：
do(主动，完成或一次性动作) 变被动语态时to还原，也
就是 be seen to do sth.
see +sb./sth.+ doing(主动，正在进行)变被动语态时，是be seen doing sth.

done (被动)
1）I saw him cross the road. 2）He was seen to cross the road.
3）I saw him crossing the road. 4）I was glad to see the child well taken care of.
EX:1).I heard __________________an English song just now. 刚才我听见她唱了一首歌。
2)I heard ________________________an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.昨天经过他房间，我听见她在唱英文歌。
3)She heard the door _______ with a bang.她听到门咣地一声关上了。
4)The fat boy was last seen _______________ near the river.(play)
5.when __________ dabout the possibility __________ Justin was taken by aliens ,Detective Sam Peterson, who has _________ ________ ______ the case, told journalists,“sometimes people ________ ________ such amazing stories”当被问及Justin被外星人带走的可能性时，负责此案件的侦探告诉记者“有时人们编造……”
when asked about... “当被问及。。。时，”此为省略形式，相当于when he was asked about.... 在when, while ,if ,unless, as if ,though, whether等引导的状语从句中，若谓语中含有be动词，而主语又与主句主语相同或主语是it时，则从句的主语和be动词常可省略。
1)When she was told the bad news, she burst into tears.
可改写成_________________________________________________
2) When it is heated ,water turns into vapour.
可改写成____________________________________________________________
3) When I am in trouble ,I always turn to her for help.
可改写成____________________________________________________________
4) I’ll go there myself if it is possible.
可改写成__
5)English words are easily forgotten,_________________.
A. if constantly repeating B.when constantly repeated
C.unless constantly repeated D.while constantly repeating
6)At the meeting, Tim said very little, responding only briefly when_______.
A.speaking to B. spoken to C. to speak D.was spoken
that Justin was taken by aliens 为that引导的同位语从句，对possibility的内容进行解释说明。that只起到引导从句的作用，在从句中不充当任何成分。因此，that引导的同位语从句是完整的，不缺少任何成分。
1）The news that our football team won the match was encouraging.
2）The hope that he may recover is not gone yet.
3) There is no hard evidence that aliens took him away.
4）The news that we needed on the radio was not true.
在某些抽象名词后，如：possibility，hope, fact，idea，news，suggestion, problem,question 等常跟一个由that（不可省略）的同位语从句。同位语从句对它前面的名词起补充说明的作用。
1）The news has spread all over the country the spaceship succeeded in returning to the earth.
A.that B.which C.whether D.what
2)I made a promise to myself____ this year,my first year in high school,would be different.
A.whether B.what C.that D.how
3)Modern science has given clear evidence _______ smoking can lead to many diseases.
A.which B.what C.that D.where
4）When the news came _____ the war broke out,he decided to serve in the army.
A.since B.which C.that D.because
5)-Is there any possibility _____you could pick me up at the airport?
-No problem.
A.whether B.what C.that D.when
6）The fact has worried many scientists _______the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A.what B.which C.that D.though
现 三.语法再现：现在完成时
I 基础回顾
1.现在完成时谓语动词的形式 2.什么情况下使用现在完成时
II 自主学习
一．现在完成时的用法：
1）表示动作开始于过去，结束于过去，但对现在造成了影响或结果．
I have seen this film.这部电影我看过了。（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）
I have had lunch already.我已经吃过饭了。
 2表示过去已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态，可能还要继续下去。（未完成，延续性）其谓语动词一般是延续性的，如live，teach，learn，work，study，know等。
E.g. He has lived in Beijing for ten years.
3.表示刚刚结束的一个动作
The police have just finished searching the area.
4.表示过去曾发生过一次或多次的行为，也可以表示一种经历。(经历用法)
I have used this pen only three times. I have been to Egypt twice.
二．谓语动词：have/has+过去分词
当第三人称单数作主语时用 has, 其它人称作主语时用have．
过去分词的变化分规则与不规则两种。规则变化与过去式相同，不规则变化需要另记。
练习：1.visit______ _______ 2.decide_____ ______ 3.study______ _____4.stop_ _______
5.hurt_____ _______ 6.put_____ ______ 7.cut ____ ____ 8.read_______ ________
9.buy______ ________10. catch_____ ______11. teach_____ ____  12.make______ ______
13.break_____ ______14. write____ _____15.take____ _____16.forget________ ________
17.sing_____ _____18.drink_____ 19.ring_____ _______20.swim________ ________
三．句式结构
肯定句：主语+ have/has+过去分词. 否定句：主语+ have/has+not+过去分词.
一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词?
肯定回答：Yes,----- have/has. 否定回答:No,-----haven’t/hasn’t.
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ have/has +主语+过去分词?
练习I have ridden a horse.否定句：__________________.一般疑问句：__________________?
III 质疑解惑
四．连用状语 ： already, just, yet, ever, never, before ,recently, lately, up to now, so far,in/over/during+ the +past/last few years/days/months, in recent years,次数since+表过去的时间点，for+时间段等时间状语连用。
五.用于现在完成时的句型
1)It/This is the first/second time....that...结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。
It is the first time that I have visited the city.这是我第一次参观这座城市。
2) It/This is the+形容词最高级+名词+that...结构，that 从句要用现在完成时。
This is the best film that I’ve (ever)seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。
This is the first time (that)I’ve heard him sing.这是我第一次听他唱歌。
3)It is/has been+一段时间+since从句. （since从句中动词使用过去式）
It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.
自从我考上研究生已有两年了 。
练习：This is the first time that I ______really happy for years.
A. am feeling   B. felt     C. have felt      D.had felt
This is one of the most interesting novels that______.
A. I have ever read B. I read    C. I had ever read   D. I am reading
六．.延续性动词与非延续性动词
在肯定句中，与since或for引出的时间状语连用的是延续性动词，不能是非延续性动词。
I have lived here for more than twenty years.我在这儿住了20多年了
但 是 非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以
持续的。
（错）I have received his letter for a month..
（对）I haven’t received his letter for almost a month..
延续性动词与短暂性动词转换：如buy----have,  borrow----keep, open ----be open ,  
begin----be on ,leave---be away from, finish----be over,  die ---be dead,  fall asleep----be asleep,
join----be in
七．在条件、时间状语从句中表示将来某时间以前已完成的动作，用现在完成时。但注意，此时
表示这动作将在另一动作之前完成。若两动作同时发生，或几乎同时发生，则一般不用现在完成时。
I won’t believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.（强调看完）
I will go with you as soon as I have finished my work.（强调干完）
专项练习：一、填空
1 Have you ever ______(take) a train?
2 It _________(be ) more than three years since Jim ______(leave) here.
3 Have you _____(make)friends with your new classmates yet?
4 I _______(have) my lunch and I'm not hungry now 5 Jim has never seen a panda, _____he?
6 We ______(be) good friends since we met at school.
7 We can't find him anywhere. Perhaps he____(go) home. 8 He _____(read) the book before.
9 Mr. Green _____(teach) us a lot about social studies since September.
10 I _____never____ (meet) her sister before.
二、单选
1. -- I remember you were a talented pianist at college. Can you play the piano for me?
   -- Sorry, I ____ the piano for years.
 A. don't play  B. wasn't playing  C. haven't played  D. hadn't played
2.In the last few years thousands of films _____all over the world.
A.have produced  B. have been produced  C. are producing D. are being produced
3.Up to now, the program ______ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.
A. would save      B. saves      C. had saved       D. has saved
4.一When shall we restart our business?
   一Not until we________our plan.
A. will finish B. are finishing    C. are to finish  D. have finished
5.The book has been translated into thirty languages since it ________on the market in 1973.
A. had come    B. has come     C. came         D. comes

Ⅰ.完成句子
____________________(山上长着) some beautiful flowers.
_被淹埋在沙丘中的是) an ancient city.
________________(据报道) the rate of the traffic accidents is increasing this month，with 5 cases per week.
Tom ______________________(据说正在弹钢琴) and we don’t know when he will come.
Ⅱ.单项填空
(2014·南通高三第三次调研)I had never had such a good opportunity in my life but somehow away ________．
A．it went B．went it C．did it go D．it goes
词away放句首要全部倒装，但如果主语是代词则不倒装。
(2014·宿迁高三一模)—China is reported ________ its first aircraft carrier to the People’s Liberation Army Navy.
—Really？How exciting!
A．to deliver B．to have delivered
C．to be delivered D．to have been delivered
(2014·海安第一学期期中)Across the Yangtze River ________ more than one bridge，the Nanjing Changjiang Bridge being the first one.
A．lay B．lies C．lie D．laid
(2014·如东高三四校联考)—I’m frustrated after so many failures.I can’t see any hope.
—Behind every misfortune ________！
A．does an opportunity lie B．is an opportunity lying
C．lies an opportunity D．an opportunity lies
5.(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ)When I first met Bryan I didn’t like him，but I________my mind．
A．have changed B．change
C．had changed D．would change
6.(2014·江苏重点中学模拟)—Do you have any news about Bob?
—Yeah.We ________ each other quite a lot recently.
A．have been seeing B．had been seeing
C．see D．have seen
7.(2014·阜宁中学、大丰中学高三联考)Traffic conditions in Beijing ________ for decades.At first people only complained about jams during rush hours，but today every hour is rush hour.
A．is worsening B．have worsened
C．have been worsening D．worsened
8.(2014·无锡一中高三第一学期质检)What will people die of in 100 years？If you think that is a simple question，you ________ attention to the revolution taking place in biotechnology.
A．have not been paying B．had not been paying
C．were not paying D．will not be paying
9. (2012·高考浙江卷)—Alvin，are you coming with us?
—I’d love to，but something unexpected ________．
A．has come up B．was coming up
C．had come up D．would come up
四．自我检测：
这单元你学过了哪些重要的语言知识点呢？
_____________________