直接引语—间接引语(1).doc

直接引语—间接引语
主备 朱国琴
Part 1 Preview Sheet
一．定义
直接引语：直接引述别人的话语，用引号“ ”括起。
间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话语，直接引语变成一个宾语从句（从句用陈述句语序）或不定式短语。
例句：He said to me ，“I broke your CD player yesterday.”
He told me that he had broken my CD player the day before.
变化分析：said—told (动词变化) I—he（人称变化）
broke—had broken（时态变化） yesterday--- the day before（时间变化）
Finish the project tomorrow.’ he said to me.
He asked me to finish the project the next day.
变化分析：said—ask sb to do (句式变化) broke—had broken（时态变化）
tomorrow--- the next day（时间变化）
二．直接引语—间接引语具体的变化内容

直接引语
间接引语
1
动词变化
bring
take

come
go

2

时间变化
now
then
today
that day
this evening
that evening
yesterday
the day before / the previous day
yesterday morning
the morning before
last night
the night before
two days ago
two days before
next week
the next week / the following week
tomorrow
the next day / the following day
the day before yesterday
two days before
the day after tomorrow
two days after / in two days’ time
3
地点变化
here
there

4

时态变化
had done

had done

have / has done
did
had been doing
had been doing
have / has been doing
be + doing
was / were +doing
will
would
be going to
was / were going to
*. 直接引语—间接引语时，时态相应地退后一个。

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句式变化
陈述句
（that ）+ 一个陈述句
一般疑问句
if / whether + 一个陈述句
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词 + 一个陈述句
（what /where/ how many/ how/ how much…）

祈使句
动词 + to do 形式的宾语补足语
advise/order/ask/remind… sb (not)to do

6

人称变化
第一人称
与主句的主语相一致
第二人称
与主句的宾语相一致
第三人称
第三人称
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指示代词变化
this
that
these
those
三．时态不需要变化的情况：
1. 直接引语有确定的过去时间。
He said ，“The story took place in the 1930.”
He said that the story took place in the 1930s.
2. 间接引语所转述的动作或状态说话时仍在继续。
The reporter said，“The war in the middle East is now still on.”
The reporter said that the war in the middle East is now still on.
3. 间接引语所转述的是自然现象、科学真理、名言警句。
Our English teacher said ，“All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.”
Our English teacher told us that all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
4. 直接引语中有，when, while, since 等引导的时间状语从句时，从句的时态不变。

He said ，“It is many years since he came to live here.”
He said that it was many years since he came to live here.
Part 2 The Activity Sheet
Activity 1. Check what is learned in the preview sheet
Activity 2. 课堂检测：
（一） 将下列直接引语变间接引语
1. “What is the matter with you?”he asked me.
He asked me what was the matter with me.
2. Tom said, “ I watched a wonderful basketball game yesterday.”
Tom said he had watched a wonderful basketball the day before.
3. The teacher said, “You’d better wear soft shoes.”
The teacher advised us to wear soft shoes.
4.“Don’t leave your homework at home.”the teacher said.
The teacher reminded us not to leave our homework at home.
5. “Will I come here again today?”she asked.
She asked whether/if she’d go there again that day.
（二）选择
1. She said ，“I’ll come here tomorrow.” She said that she would go there .
A. tomorrow B. next day C. following day D. the following day
2. He said , “Light travels faster than sound.”He said that light faster than sound.
A. traveled B. travels C. is traveling D. will travel
3. She said, “Are you interested in English?”` She asked .
A. if I was interested in English B. if you were interested in English
C. whether I am interested in English D. Whether you are interested in English
4. She asked me ，“ How is everything going?” She asked me .
A. how is everything going B. how was everything going
C. how everything was going D. how everything is going
5. He asked，“Who is going on well with you?” He asked .
A. who was going on well with me B. who I was going on well
C. who is going on well with me D. who I am going on well with
6. Choosing the right dictionary depends on you want to use it for.
A. what B. why C. how D. whether
7. Can you make sure ?
A. that he will come here today B. when he will come here today
C. will he come here today D. whether will he come here today
8. Mr Smith told us that he Atlanta at least three times in the past two years.
A. had gone to B. has gone to C. had been to D. has been to
Part 3 After-class Consolidation Sheet
一、将所给的直接引语变成间接引语，每空一词
1. He asked her,” Where are you going？”
He asked her________ ________ ________ ________.
2. The lady said, “I shall go there on time.”
The lady said that________ ________go there on time.
3. He said to me, “I wrote to my father yesterday.”
He told me________ ________ ________to his father________ ________ ________.
4. “Why don’t you go with me？” he asked.
He asked me ________ ________ ________ go with ________.
5. I will share happiness early tomorrow,” said Peter.
Peter said that________ ________share happiness early________ ________ ________.
6. My mother said, “Don’t make so much noise, Tom.”
My mother Tom make so much noise.
7.Lucy asked me, “Are you interested in the questionnaire？”
Lucy asked me________ ________ ________interested in the questionnaire.
8. “I have lived in the south for years,” Mrs. Duncan said.
Mrs. Duncan told me that________ ________ ________in the south for years.
9.“How can we improve the condition of the soil？”the farmers asked him.
The farmers asked him how________ ________improve the condition of the soil.
二、单项填空
1. He said that his car ________ stolen and he ________ have to telephone the police.
A. was; would　　　 B. has been; will
C. had been; would D. had been; will
2. He told us he ________ a concert ________.
A. had attended; three days before B. attended; a week ago
C. would attend; since a week ago D. was attending; for a week
3. —When Tom________, please let me know.
—Mary also said when Tom________, just tell her about it.
A. comes; comes B. came; came C. comes; came D. comes; coming
4 The teacher said that Columbus ________ America in 1492.
A. discovered B. found C. had discovered D. had found
5. After the examination, my teacher told me that failure ________ the mother of success.
A. was B. is C. be D. been
6. The child asked his mother ______ go out to play tennis.
A. that he could B. if he could C. if could he D. that could he
7. Mr. Brown said he ________ me the next week.
A. would see B. will see C. had seen D. saw
8. The mother asked her son________.
A. what did he do the day before B. where did he find his lost wallet
C. what time he got up that morning D. that if he had finished his homework
9. The teacher told the students that there ________ a meeting at three o’clock.
A. were going to have B. are going to be
C. will have D. was going to be
10. — What did Father ask Lily yesterday?
— Father asked her________.
A. did she pass the exam B. when did she pass the exam
C. whether she had passed the exam D. how she has passed the exam
三、改错
1. She said he would go to see his friend tomorrow.
2. The teacher told me the earth moved around the sun.
3. He said he got up at six every morning.
4. The teacher told me that I must pay more attention to your pronunciation.
5. He told me that he had taught English since he had come here.
6. My mother asked me that I had finished the composition.
7. She asked me when did they have their dinner.
8. She ordered the children not make any noise.
9. He asked the conductor where he can get off to change to a No. 3 bus. 
10. He asked Kate how her sister was now.
练习二(Grammar)
一、将所给的直接引语变成间接引语，每空一词
1. where she was going 2. she would 3. he had written；the day before 4. why I didn’t; him 5. he would；the next day 6. asked; not to 7. whether I was 8. she had lived
9. they could
二、单项填空
1. C　2. A　3. C 4. A　5. B 6. B　7. A　 8. C　9. D　10. C　
三、改错
1. tomorrow 改为 the next / following day 2. moved 改为moves 3. got 改为gets
4. your 改为 my 5. had come 改为came 6. that改为whether/ if 7. did they have 改为they had 8. not 后加to 9. can 改为could 10. now 改为then

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