高中语法现在完成时和现在完成进行时(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit1 Grammar,Present perfect tense&,present continuous tense,1,past,now,Yesterday,we,cleaned,the,classroom.,Now,the classroom,is clean because,we,have cleaned,it.,用法,1,强调,过去发生的动作,对,现在产生的,结果或影响,现在完成时,2,1.My father,bought,many books for me yesterday.,Now,I have a lot to read because _,2.I,saw,this film last week.,Now,I know this film because I_.,3.I,did,my homework yesterday.,Now,I can give it to the teacher because I_,my father,has bought,many books for me.,have seen,it before,have done,it.,3,“仍然，还”用在疑问句和否定句中，放在句末。,I havent read this book,yet,.,Have you had breakfast,yet,?,already:,Yet:,“已经”通常用于肯定句中,放在句中。,I have,already,read this book.,有时，也用在疑问句中表示惊讶。,Have you eaten up all the food,already,?,4,“从来不”用在否定句中,放在句中。,Is he famous?I have,never,heard of him.,ever,never,“曾经”通常用于疑问句和肯定句中,放在句中。,I have,ever,seen this film.,Have you,ever,been to the USA?,5,“,以前”用在完成时中，放在句末。,have never read this kind of books,before,.,just,before,“刚刚”用在陈述句中,放在句中。,I have,just,bought a novel,。,6,She,began to,work,in 2005.,She still works here now.,She,has,worked,at this school,for 9 years.,7,now,past,I,began to,teach,English at this,school five,years ago.,I,have taught,English at this,school for five years.,用法,2,：,过去发生的动作一直,延续,到现在。,8,1.I am a doctor.I began to work when I was 22.Now,I am 26.I _ for four years.,2.We went to the USA last Monday.Today is Monday.We _ (stay)in the USA since last Monday.,have worked,have stayed,9,since,and,for,The woman has worked at this school,for 2 years.(since two years ago),since 2 years ago,since 1998,since she came to the school),for+,时间段,since+,时间点,for 2 years/a long time,10,一、用,for,和,since,填空。,_,three hours,_three oclock,_two days,_yesterday afternoon,_I came here,_last Sunday,_,a week,_a long time,_1997,_two weeks,_three years ago,_ last month,for,since,for,since,since,since,for,for,since,for,since,since,11,Exercise,根据所给情况，用,just,already,或,yet,造句。,1,.After lunch you go to see a friend at her house.She saysWould you like something to eat?You say:No,thank you._(have lunch),2,.Joe goes out.Five minutes later,the phone rings and the caller says Can I speak to Joe?You say:Im afraid _.(go out),he has just gone out,Ive just had lunch.,12,3,.,You are eating in a restaurant this evening.The waiter thinks you have finished and starts to take your plate away.You say:Wait a moment!_,(not/finish),4,.You are going to a restaurant this evening.,You phone to reserve(,预定）,a table.Later your friend says Shall I phone to reserve a table?You say:No,_ it (do),I havent finished it yet.,I have already done,13,1.,现在完成时用来表示,过去发生或已完成的动作或状态,对现在造成的影响或结果,也就是说,动作或状态发生在,过去但它的影响现在还存在,.,I,have lost,my wallet.(,含义是,:,现在我没有钱花了,.),Jane,has just had,breakfast.(,含义是,:,简现在不饿了,.),Michael,has been,ill.(,含义是,:,现在仍然很虚弱,),He,has returned,from abroad.(,含义是,:,现在已在此地,),14,2.,现在完成时可以用来表示,发生在过去某一时刻一直持续到现在的动作和状态,常与表示,持续的时间状语连用,.,表示持续动作或状态的动词多是,延续性动词,。,I,havent seen,her,these days,.,Mary,has been,ill,for three days,.,I,have lived,here,since 1998,.,15,3.,现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如,already,yet,just,before,recently,still,lately,等标志词,He,has,already,got,a chance to go abroad.,I,havent seen,much of him,recently(lately).,We,have seen,that film,before,.,Have,they,found,the missing child,yet,？,16,4.,现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如,often,sometimes,ever,never,twice,on several occasion,等,:,Have,you,ever,been,to Beijing,？,I,have,never,heard of,Bunny.,I,have used,this pen only,three times,.,George,has met,that gentleman,on several occasions.,17,5.,现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如,now,just,today,this morning/week/month/year,up to these few days/weeks/months/years,up to present,so far,等,:,Peter,has written,six poems,so far,.,Man,has,now,learned,to make use of natural materials.,There,has been,too much rain in San Francisco,this year,.,Up to these weeks,everything,has been,successful.,18,have(has)gone,和,have(has)been,的区别,1.have(has)gone,表示“已经去某地了”,She has gone to Shanghai.(,她可能已在去上海的路上，或已到上海，总之现在不在这里。,),2.have(has)been,表示“曾经去过某地”,She has been to Shanghai three times.(,她已经不在上海，只说明她曾经去过。,),19,非延续性动词不能与时间段连用：,go/come/begin/start/die/buy/borrow/sell/leave/arrive/,receive/become,等词语是,瞬间动词表示的动作是一时的，不能延续，不能与,for,、,since,等表示一段时间的词连用，也不能用于,how long,引导的疑问句中。,如不能说：,He has borrowed the book for two months.(),但可以说：,He has,kept the book,for 2 months.,或：,It has been 2 months since he borrowed the book.,或：,Two months has passed,since he borrowed the book.,这些瞬间动词常与它对应的可以表示时间段的词语进行互换。,becomebe borrowkeep buyhave,begin(start)be on openbe open diebe dead,leave-be away come-be here/in go outbe out,join-be a member/be in begin to study-study,注明：非延续性动词在否定结构中可用于现在完成时态：,I havent bought anything for two days.,20,现在完成进行时,通常使用现在完成进行时的几种情况：,1.,表过去开始的动作持续到现在,并仍在继续中,She,has been talking,to me since she saw me.,2.,表示过去开始的动作,刚结束,并在某种情况下,与现在有关联,Sorry,Im late,have you been waiting long?,Yes,I have been waiting for an hour.,21,C,1.The price _recently,but I doubt whether it will remain so.,A went down,B will go down,C has gone down D was going down,2.In the past few years there _ great changes in Da Miao town.,A is B were C have been D will be.,C,22,I clean the blackboard,every day,.,Ill clean the blackboard,in several minutes,.,Im,now,cleaning the blackboard.,I cleaned the blackboard,several minutes ago,.,I have cleaned the blackboard,for several minutes,.,I have been cleaning the blackboard,for several minutes/since several minutes ago.,23,现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别,I,(1),表示从过去某一时间开始一直在进行的动作,并有可能持续下去,强调动作的全过程；,表示从过去到现在的重复性动作。,(2),注意,:,多用于延续性动词，如,work,live,study,skate,collect,表示在某一特定时间之前曾经发生过的动作,或者到这一时间为止已经完成的动作,.,1.,现在完成时,:,have+,过去分词,2.,现在完成进行时,:,have+been+,现在分词,24,现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别,II,（,1,）在不用时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行。而现在完成时则表示动作在过去已结束。如：,The students have been preparing for the exam.,（还在进行）学生们一直在准备考试。,The students have prepared for the exam.,（已经结束）学生们为考试作了准备。,（,2,）在强调指出动作还未结束，还要继续下去。如：,Ive been reading this book for two hours,but,I havent finished it.,这本书我已读了两个小时了，但我还没读完。,Ive read this book.,我已读完这本书了。,25,现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别,II,（,3,）有些表示状态、感情、感觉的静态动词，如：,have,like,hate,hear,know,sound,等动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。如：,Theyve known each other since 1970.,自从,1970,年起他们就相互认识了。,（,4,）现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这段时间反复发生的事情。如：,Weve been seeing each other,quite a lot recently.,最近我们经常见面。,26,现在完成时和现在完成进行时的联系,1,简略回答都一样,Yes,I/we/they have.No,I/we/they havent.,Yes,he/she/it has.No,he/she/it hasnt.,2,时间状语：都可以用,for,或,since,They have skated _.,They have been skating _.,A three hours ago,B for three hours ago,C since three hours ago,D for three hours,E since three hours,27,