新目标英语八年级(下册)Unit 6 知识清单.docx

Section A（一）词汇学习1.weakadj. 虚弱的，无力的He is a little weak.他有一点虚弱。Weak 做形容词，还意为“弱，差”。名词为weakness2.hidev. 隐蔽，隐藏hide为动词，其过去式为hid，过去分词为hidden。与hide相关的短语：hide sth from sth/sb.“把某物藏起来，远离某物、某人”。3.magicadj. 有魔力的，有神奇力量的magic 作形容词时，只做定语。magic 做名词时，意为“魔术、魔力”。He will perform magic at the party.与之相关的词：magical adj.有魔力的，不可思议的magically adv. 魔力地，不可思议地magician n. 魔法家，魔术师，变戏法的人4.stickn. 棍，条（1）作名词，意为“棍，条”He used a stick to beat me.(2) stick作动词，意为“坚持”。其常见用法为stick to sth. “坚持某事” 或stick with sb. 继续支持某。5.westernadj. 西方国家的，西方的以ern结尾的方位名词East东方-Eastern 东方的West 西方-Western 西方的South 南方-southern 南方的North 北方-Northern北方的（二）句型学习1.As soon as the man finished (talking), Yu Gong said that his family could continue to move the mountains after he died.这人一说完，愚公就说，她的家人在他死后会继续移山。(1)as soon as.意为“一.就.”,引导时间状语从句。Ill give this MP3 to her as soon as she comes back.注意：若主语用一般将来时态，as soon as 引导的时间状语从句常用一般现在时态表将来。(2)continue作动词时，后接动词不定式或v-ing形式，即continue to do/doing sth.意为“继续做某事”。(3)finish意为“完成”，为及物动词，其后跟名词、代词或动名词做宾语Ill finish doing my homework before class is over.2. Finally, a god was so moved by Yu Gong that he sent (two) gods to take the mountains away.最终， 一个神仙被愚公感动了，于是他派了两个神仙去把那些山移走。move作动词，意为“移动”，也有“打动，使感动”的意思。be moved by. (某人)因.而感动。moving 令人感动的 a moving film3.This story reminds us that you can never know whats possible unless you try to make it happen. 这个故事提醒我们, 你永远不会知道什么是可能的, 除非你尽力实现它。(1)remind及物动词, 意为“提醒; 使想起”, 常用结构为remind sb. + that从句“提醒某人”。remind的不同搭配：remind sb. to do sth.“提醒某人去做某事”。例如:My English teacher always reminds me to study hard at English every day.我的英语老师总是提醒我每天努力学习英语。remind sb. of sth.“使某人想起某事”。例如:It reminds me of my best friend.它使我想起了我最好的朋友。(2)unless“除非; 如果不”引导条件状语从句, 相当于if not。例如:You wont pass the exam unless you work hard.=If you dont work hard, you wont pass the exam.如果你不努力学习你将通不过这次考试。4.But unless he can hide his tail, he cannot turn himself into a person. 但除非他能隐藏自己的尾巴, 否则他不能将自己变成人。(1)hide.from.意为“把藏起来不让发现; 躲避”。例如:He often hides from his old friends. 他经常躲避他的老朋友们。(2)turn.into., 意为“将变成”。turn on 打开 turn off 关闭turn up 调大 turn down调小turn left /right向左/右转in turn 轮流 by turn 交替地5.Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.有时他能使这根棍棒变小, 以便他能放进耳朵里。sothat/ suchthat如此以至于, 引导结果状语从句, so后接形容词或副词原级。例如:so+ adj./adv. + thatsuch+a/an+adj+单数可数名词+ thatsuch+adj+复数可数名词/不可数名词+ that 从句注意：遇到两多两少 much/ many/ few/ little 只能用 sothat6.The new couple were so happy that they couldnt stop smiling when they got married. 这对新婚夫妇如此高兴以至于他们结婚时止不住地微笑。(1)marry当“结婚”讲时,一般用get married或be married来表示结婚这件事。例如:My best friend got married last weekend.我最好的朋友上个周末结婚了。(2)get/be married to sb.意为“和某人结婚”。例如:She got married to a boss.=She was married to a boss.她和一个老板结婚了。(3)marry sb.意思是“嫁, 娶”，例如:Jane married John ten years ago.十年前简嫁给了约翰。Section B（一）词汇学习1.goldn. 金子 adj. 金色的I have a gold ring.我有一个金戒指。The king gave the honest farmer much gold.国王给这位城市的农民很多金子。2.wife n. 妻子wife的复数形式为wives。f, -fe结尾的名词变复数时， 将-f,-fe变为-v， 再加es。巧记一-f,-fe结尾的单词:妻子wife持刀knife去砍狼wolf，一个小偷thief着了慌，躲在架shelf后保己命，半half数树叶落了光。3.wholeadj. 全部的，整体的whole 一般位于冠词、物主代词或限定词之后，其结构为“冠词/物主代词/限定词+whole +单数名词”。He spent the whole day writing.他写了整整一天。4.shine v. 发光，照耀过去式及过去分词为shone。还可作名词，意为“光亮，光泽”。This shampoo will give your hair a lovely shine.这种洗发水可使你的头发润泽光亮。5.voicen. 声音一般指嗓音或说话、唱歌发出的声音。Please keep your voice loud.请你说话声音大些。（二）句型学习1.The emperor had to give them silk and gold, but they kept everything for themselves.皇帝不得不给他们丝绸和金子, 但是他们都把这一切据为己有(1)silk为不可数名词, 意为“丝绸”; gold为不可数名词, 意为“金子”。例如:The princess bought some wonderful silk with gold.公主用金子买了些精美丝绸。(2)keep sth. for oneself意为“为某人自己保留某物”。例如:I will keep this bag for myself.我将为自己保留这个包。keep sth. to oneself意为“保守秘密”。例如:Could you please keep this secret for yourself?请你保守这个秘密, 好吗?2.They were trying to cheat the emperor.他们正试图欺骗皇帝。（1）cheat动词, 意为“欺骗; 蒙骗; 作弊”, 常用短语为:cheat sb. 意为“欺骗某人”;cheat sb. of sth. 意为“骗取某人的某物”。例如:They cheated the old woman of her house and money.他们骗取了老妇人的房屋和钱财。cheat还作名词, 意为“骗子, 欺骗行为”。例如:She is a shameless cheat.她是个无耻的骗子。3.The wife told her husband that unless he left the children to die in the forest, the whole family would die.妻子告诉她丈夫除非他把孩子们留在森林里死掉, 否则一家人都会被饿死。(1)leave sb./sth. +介词短语, 意为“把某人或某物遗留在某地”, leave在此意为“遗留, 遗忘”, 其过去式为left。例如:Dont leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen after dinner.饭后不要把脏餐具留在厨房。(2)all与whole的区别all可以修饰各类名词, 限定词要放在all之后。即all+限定词+名词:all the money所有的钱whole常修饰具有整体意义的单数名词, 且限定词要放在whole之前。即限定词+whole+名词:the whole class全班当复数可数名词前有具体的数量词时, 则可以用whole:three whole days/all three days三整天4.Look! Its leading us to that wonderful house made of bread, cake and sugar. 看! 它正引导我们去那个由面包、蛋糕和糖做成的漂亮的房子。(1)lead意为“带路; 领路”, 过去式为led, 常用短语为lead sb. to someplace意为“领某人到某地”。例如:I led Linda to my school yesterday.昨天我带琳达去我学校了。(2)(be)made of.意为“由制成”。例如:The sweater is made of wool.这件毛衣是羊毛做be made of和be made from的区别be made of表示制成成品后, 仍可看出原材料是什么, 保留原材料的质和形状, 制作过程仅发生物理变化。例如:The kite is made of paper.这个风筝是用纸做的。be made from表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征, 或原材料在制作过程中发生化学变化, 在成品中已无法辨认。例如:Butter is made from milk.黄油是从牛奶中提炼出来的。5.Who is brave enough to eat my house?谁这么大胆敢吃我的房子?(1)enough用作副词, 意为“充足地, 足够地”, 修饰形容词或副词, 置于这些词的后面。(2)adj. +enough+ to do意为“做某事是足够的”。例如:The man is strong enough to carry the heavy box.这位男士足够强壮, 能够搬动这个重箱子。（3）enough的不同用法(1)enough可作形容词, 意为“足够的, 充足的”, 修饰名词, 置于名词的前后均可, 但一般放在前面。例如:Dont worry. We have enough time to do the job.不要担心, 我们有足够的时间去做工作。(2)adj.+enough to do sth.常可与too.to. 或so.that. 相互转化。6.They could see the stones because of the shining moon. The stones showed them the way home.因为月光, 他们能够看到石头, 石头指引他们回家的路。(1)because of意为“因为, 由于”, 其后常接名词或名词短语。例如:He didnt go to school because of his illness.他因为生病没有去上学。(2)show作动词, 意为“展示, 指示”,常用短语为show sb. sth.或show sth.to sb., 意为“让某人看某物, 向某人展示某物”。例如:Could you show me your ID card?你可以让我看一下你的身份证吗?7.They heard the voice of an old woman coming from the house. 他们听到来自房间里的一位老妇人的声音。hear作动词, 意为”听到”。常用结构:hear sb.doing sth.意为“听到某人正做某事”。例如:We heard a girl singing in the next room.我们听到隔壁房间里有个女孩正在唱歌。hear sb. do sth.意为“听到某人做了某事或经常做某事”。例如:I often hear him complain about too much homework.我经常听到他抱怨太多的作业。感官动词如see, hear, watch, feel, notice等后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时,通常不带to。例如:They saw the thief cross the street just now.他们看到那个小偷刚刚穿过了街道。