新概念英语第二册第11课.doc

完整)新概念英语第二册第11课
Lesson 11 One good turn deserves another 礼尚往来
I was having dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in. Tony worked in a lawyer’s office years ago, but he is now working at a bank。 He gets a good salary, but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back. Tony saw me and came and sat at the same table。 He has never borrowed money from me. While he was eating， I asked him to lend me twenty pounds。 To my surprise， he gave me the money immediately。 ’I have never borrowed any money from you，' Tony said， ’so now you can pay for my dinner！'
New words and expressions 生词和短语
turn n. 行为，举止 deserve v。 应得到，值得 lawyer n。 律师 bank n. 银行
salary n。 工资 immediately adv. 立刻 Tony ［ˈtəuni]
参考译文
我正在一家饭馆吃饭,托尼。斯蒂尔走了进来。托尼曾在一家律师事务所工作,而现在正在一家银行上班。他的薪水很高，但他却总是向朋友借钱,并且从来不还。托尼看见了我，就走过来和我坐到一张桌子前。他从未向我借过钱.当他吃饭时，我提出向他借20英镑。令我惊奇的是，他立刻把钱给了我。“我还从未向你借过钱，”托尼说道，“所以现在你可以替我付饭钱了！"
1.One good turn deserves another 礼尚往来
这是句谚语,意思是对于别人的善意或帮助应作出相应的回报。
1） 名词turn的含义之一是“（帮助或损害他人的）举动”、“行为"：
e.g. 乔治昨天做了一件对我有利/不利的事.Yesterday George did me a good/an ill turn。
他总是乐于为他人做好事。He is always ready to do a turn for others.
turn n。 / v.
n. [c]
1。 an act of turning sb。/sth。 around 转动；旋动
e.g。 转动几下把手.Give the handle a few turns.
2. a change in direction in a vehicle（车辆的)转弯；转向
e.g。 向左/右拐入西大街。 Make a left/right turn into West street.
3. a bend or corner in a road （道路的）弯道;拐弯处
e.g. 弯弯曲曲的小巷 a lane full of twists and turns
(lane ［lein］ n. 1。 (乡间)小路2。 （尤用于地名）小巷;胡同；里弄(long)3。车道 4。（比赛的）跑道；泳道 5.航道;航线
twist [twist］ n。 1。［c］ 急转弯处；曲折处2. ［c］转动;旋转；搓;捻;拧；扭动 3. ［c］ (故事或情况的）转折，转变，突然变化 v. 1。 vt。 使弯曲，使扭曲（成一定形状）2。 (使)弯曲变形，扭曲变形 3。 扭转；转动（身体部位)）
4。[c］ the time when sb. in a group of people should or is allowed to do sth。 (依次轮到的)机会， 顺次
e。g. 轮到你时，再抓一张牌。When it's your turn， take another card.
下次该轮到我开车了。It’s my turn to drive next.
IDM：
1） in turn
(1） one after the other in a particular order依次；轮流；逐个
e。g。 孩子们逐一自报姓名。The children called out their names in turn。
(2） as a result of sth in a series of events相应地；转而
e.g。 增加生产会继而增加利润.Increased production will, in turn， lead to increased profits。
（lead to sth 导致;造成后果）
2） take turns（in sth。/to do sth）(BrE also take it in turns) 依次；轮流
e。g. 雄鸟和雌鸟轮流伏窝。The male and female birds take turns in sitting on the eggs。
我们轮流做家务。We take it in turns to do the housework.
5. an unusual or unexpected change in what is happening （异乎寻常或意外的）变化，转变

e。g。 在以后的几周里,事态急转直下。Events took a dramatic turn in the weeks that followed.
6。［c] 行为；举止 做有利于/有损于某人的事 do sb。 a good/bad turn
e。g. 昨天乔治做了一件对我有利的事. Yesterday George did me a good turn。
IDM:
1) (do sb。） a good turn （to do) sth。 that helps sb。 (为某人做）好事，善事；（做)有助于某人的事e.g。 好啦，这就是我今天做的好事。Well, that’s my good turn for the day.
2） one good turn deserves another(saying)you should help sb. who has helped you 善须善报；要以德报德；好人应得好报
7。 [the+S (of)]时间上的转折点；交替时期
IDM. the turn of the century/year the time when a new century /year starts 世纪之交；新年伊始；辞旧迎新之际 e。g。 这是在世纪之交修建的。It was built at the turn of the century.

IDM: at every turn everywhere or every time you try and do sth处处；事事;每次
e。g。 我事事都不顺心。At every turn I met with disappointment。
v.
1. to move or make sth。 move around a central point (使）转动；旋转
e。g. vi. 汽车的轮子开始转动起来。The wheels of the car began to turn。
vt. 他转动钥匙开锁。He turned the key in the lock.
2. [usually+adv。/prep。] to move your body or part of your body so as to face or start moving in a different direction 转身;扭转（身体部位）
e.g。 vi。 我们转身朝家走去.We turned and headed for home.
vt. 他转身背对着墙.He turned his back to the wall.
3. ［vn。+adv./prep。］ to move sth。 so that it is in a different position or facing a different direction.翻转；翻动；把…翻过来
e.g. vt. 她把椅子翻转过来修理。She turned the chair on its side to repair it.
4. （使）改变方向；转弯
e.g. vi。 他拐进了一条狭窄的街道。He turned into a narrow street.
vt. 那男人转过街角就没影了。The man turned the corner and disappeared。
5. vi。 （潮汐)to start to come in or go out开始涨(或落）

e.g. 涨潮了，我们最好回去吧。The tide is turning-we'd better get back.
（tide [taid] n. 1。［c, u］ 潮,潮汐2.［c] 潮流；趋势；动向)
6. 翻,翻动(书页)
e。g。 vt。 他坐在那里无所事事地翻着书.He sat turning the pages idly。
(idly [ˈaɪdlɪ］ adv. 懒惰地；无所事事地，闲着 adj。 idle [’aidl］ adj。 空闲的， 闲着的;懒散的， 无所事事的）
vi. 反到第23页。Turn to page 23.
7. to change into a particular state or condition; to make sth do this （使）变成；成为
e。g. 天气变得寒冷多风。The weather has turned cold and windy.
秋天树叶变黄。In autumn the leaves turn brown.
8. (vi. + adv。/prep.; vt。+ object+adv。/prep。)（使）转变（形态、性质等)（尤与from； into连用)
e.g。 经过50年，这个地方从一个小村庄变成了大城镇.
In fifty years， this place has turned from a little village into a large town。
女巫把王子变成了青蛙.The witch turned the prince into a frog。
（wizard [ˈwizəd] n. 男巫；术士；神汉)
9.［v-n] （not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时） to reach or pass a particular age or time 到达，超过（某一年龄或时间）
e.g. 他到六月份就满21岁了。He turns 21 in June.
已过了午夜。It has turned midnight.
Phr v。
1。 turn against sb./ turn sb. against sb。 to stop or make sb. stop being friendly towards sb。（使）与…反目成仇,变得敌对
e。g. 她与老朋友翻脸了.She turned against her old friend.
2. turn around/round // turn sb./sth. around/round to change position or direction so as to face the other way； to make sb./sth. do this（使)翻身，转身,翻转
e.g. 转过身去让我看看你的后背.Turn around and let me look at your back.
我把椅子转过来面向火炉.I turned my chair round to face the fire.
3. turn back // turn sb。/sth. back to return the way you have come; to make sb。/sth。 do this(使）原路返回，往回走
e。g。 天气变得非常恶劣，他们不得不循原路折回.
The weather became so bad that they had to turn back。
我们的汽车在边境被挡了回来。Our car was turned back at the border。
(border ['bɔ:də］ n. 国界；边界；边疆；边界地区/vt。 （国家或地区)和…毗邻;与…接壤)
4. turn sb./sth。 down to reject or refuse to consider an offer, a proposal， etc. or the person who makes it拒绝，顶回(提议、建议或提议人)
e.g。 她为什么谢绝你的邀请？Why did she turn down your invitation?
turn sth。 down to reduce the noise, heat, etc。 produced by a piece of equipment by moving its controls（control ［kən'trəul] n。 ［c， usually pl。］ (机器或车辆的）操纵装置，开关,按钮)把…调低；关小
e。g。 请把音量调低些。Please turn the volume down。
（volume [’vɔlju：m] n。 1。[u, c] 体积；容积；容量2。 [u］ 音量;响度)

5。 turn sb. in (informal) to take sb. to the police or sb。 in authority because they have committed a crime把…扭送(到警察局)；使自首
e。g. 他决定到警察局去自首。He decided to turn himself in。
turn sth. in
（1） to give back sth that you no longer need 交还，退还（不再需要的东西）
e。g. 你离开大楼时必须交还通行证。You must turn in your pass when you leave the building.
（pass n. 通行证;车票；乘车证）
（2) （esp. AmE) to give sth. to sb。 in authority上交;呈交；提交
e.g。 时至今日只上缴了少数几支枪。Only a few guns have been turned in so far.
6. turn sb. off to make sb。 feel bored or not interested 使厌烦；使失去兴趣
e.g.看到你咬指甲真的使我感到厌烦。It really turns me off to see you biting your nails.
turn sth. off to stop the flow of electricity, gas， water， etc. by moving a switch, button， etc。关掉，截断（电流、煤气、水等) e.g。 关上灯 to turn off the light
7. turn sth. out to produce sb./sth。制造；生产
e.g。 这家工厂每周生产900辆汽车。The factory turns out 900 cars a week。
turn sb。 out (of / from sth.） to force sb。 to leave a place赶走；逐出；撵走
turn out to be discovered to be; to prove to be 原来是；证明是；结果是
e。g。 她原来是我姐姐的朋友。It turned out that she was a friend of my sister。
这工作结果比我们想象的要难。The job turned out to be harder than we thought.
8. turn to sb./sth。 to go to sb./sth. for help, advice， etc.向…求助(或寻求指教等）

e.g. 她求助无门。She has nobody she can turn to。
9. turn sth over to think about sth. carefully 认真思考；深思熟虑
e。g. 她脑子里不断琢磨当天发生的事.She kept turning over the events of the day in her mind.
2） deserve的意义为“应受”、“应得（奖赏、惩罚等）”、“值得”，通常为及物动词：
e.g. 他的话值得注意.His words deserve attention。
玛丽应得这个奖.Mary deserves the prize.
deserve ［di’zə：v］ v. （not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) 值得； 应得; 应受
e。g. ［vn］ 辛苦劳累那么久，你该休息一下了。You deserve a rest after all that hard work.
这报告应该给予认真考虑。The report deserves careful consideration [kən，sidə'reiʃən]。
［v to inf］ 他们不该赢。They didn’t deserve to win。
他做了这样的事，应该终身监禁.He deserves to be locked up for ever for what he did。
worth adj. be worth doing 值得做某事
worthy adj. be worthy of sth。/ be worthy to do sth.
e。g。 值得怀念的演出 a performance worthy to be remembered
IDM： get what you deserve / deserve all/everything you get （informal） used to say that you think sb. has earned the bad things that happen to them罪有应得
deservedly [dɪˈzɜ：vɪdlɪ] adv。 in the way that is deserved； correctly应得地;恰如其分地；理所当然地
e.g。 这餐馆为大众喜爱是理所当然的。The restaurant is deservedly popular。
deserving ［dɪˈzɜ:vɪŋ] adj。 ～(of sth) （formal） that deserves help, praise, a reward， etc.值得的；应得的 e。g。 值得注意的问题 an issue deserving of attention opposite: undeserving
（issue ［ˈɪʃu:］ n。[c］ 重要议题;争论的问题2。（informal) （有关某事的)问题；担忧)
2. I was having dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in. 我正在一家饭馆吃饭，托尼.斯蒂尔走了进来。
3. Tony worked in a lawyer’s office years ago， but he is now working at a bank. 托尼曾在一家律师事务所工作,而现在正在一家银行上班。
lawyer ［ˈlɔ:jə］ n。 律师 a lawyer's office 律师事务所
4. He gets a good salary, but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back。 他的薪水很高，但他却总是向朋友借钱，并且从来不还。
1) 连词and在这句话中可解释为“并且”、“另外”（in addition)
2） get [get] verb. (getting, got, got [gɔt] （美国英语口语中过去分词几乎都用gotten)
1. ［vn] ［no passive］ to receive sth收到;接到:
e.g。 今天早上我收到玛丽的一封来信。I got a letter from Mary this morning.
2。 [no passive］ ~sth （for yourself/sb.）/~ （yourself/sb。) sth. to obtain sth.获得;得到
e。g。 [vn］ 尽量睡会吧。Try to get some sleep.
他刚找到一份新工作。He has just got a new job。
［vnn] 你为什么不买辆汽车呢？Why don't you get yourself a car？
给你母亲买礼物了吗？
Did you get a present for your mother?/ Did you get your mother a present?
3。 ［vn] [no passive］～sth（for sth) to obtain or receive an amount of money by selling sth(买某物)挣得;获得
e.g。 我们这房子卖了12万英镑.We got 120,000 pounds for the house.
4。 to go to a place and bring sb。/sth。 back 去取（或带来) synonym： fetch
e.g. 我得去机场接我的母亲。I have to go and get my mother from the airport(=pick her up）.
［vnn］ 给约翰拿杯饮料来。Get a drink for John。/ Get john a drink。
5。 ［vn］［no passive] to achieve or be given a particular mark/grade in an exam(考试）获得；达到
e。g。 他化学考试得中，英语考试得良。He got a ‘C' in Chemistry and a ‘B’ in English.
6。 to reach a particular state or condition； to make sb。/sth。/yourself reach a particular state or condition (使)达到；处于
e。g。 发怒；生厌;饥饿；发胖 to get angry/bored/hungry/fat
你会很快习惯这里的气候的。You'll soon get used to the climate here。
我们该走了,天色越来越晚了.We ought to go； it’s getting late。
穿上/脱下衣服 to get dressed/undressed（=to put your clothes on/take your clothes off）
他们打算夏天结婚。They plan to get married in the summer。
7. ［vn—ADJ]~sth done to cause sth. to happen or be done 使(某事)发生；使完成(某事)
e。g. 我得理发了。I must get my hair cut。
这么多的工作我怎么也干不完。I’ll never get all this work finished。
8.[v+adv。/prep.] to arrive at or reach a place or point抵达，到达（某地或某点）
e.g。 我们7点钟到达了北京。We got to Beijing at 7 o’clock.
9. ［vn］ (spoken） to answer the telephone or a door when sb. calls， knocks, etc.接（电话）；应(门）
e。g. 你去接一下电话好吗？Will you get the phone？
10。 ［vn］ [no passive］（informal) to understand sb./sth。理解；明白
e.g. 我搞不懂你的意思。I don’t get you.
她不明白那笑话的含义。She didn’t get the joke.
3) good在这里的意思是“相当大/多的”、“相当可观的”:
[only before noun] great in number， amount or degree(数量或程度）相当大的；相当多的
e.g. 相当多的人 a good many people
这厨房相当大.The kitchen is a good size.
我们花了好长时间找这房子。
We spent a good while (quite a long time） looking for the house.
我花了整整3小时才到达那里。It takes me a good three hours to get there.
4) salary ['sæləri］ n.(pl. -ies） money that employees receive for doing their job， especially professional employees or people working in an office， usually paid every month.薪金，薪水(尤指按月发放的）:
e。g. 4万元的年薪 an annual ［'ænjuəl］ salary of ＄40，000 基本工资 basic salary
加薪9％ a 9% salary increase
她的薪金是2。4万英镑。She’s on a salary of 24,000 pounds.
高新 a fat/high/good salary 低薪 a poor/low salary
5) borrow [ˈbɔrəu］
v。
1. [vn］ ～sth（from sb。/sth.） to take and use sth that belongs to sb。 else, and return it to them at a later time借;借用
e。g。 借你的伞用一下行吗？Can I borrow your umbrella？
会员在图书馆每次最多可借十本书。
Members can borrow up to ten books from the library at any one time.
2.～(sth.) (from sb。/sth.） to take money from a person or bank and agree to pay it back to them at a later time借入（款项）；(向…)借贷

e。g。 [vn］ 她向她的父母借了2000英镑。She borrowed 2000 pounds from her parents.
[vi］ 我不喜欢向朋友借钱。I don’t like to borrow from friends。
3。 ～sth(from sb。/sth。)to take words, ideas, etc。 from another language， person， etc。 and use them, as your own引用，借用（思想、言语等)
e。g. ［vn] 某些音乐术语是从意大利语引入的。Some musical terms are borrowed from Italian.
[vi]那位作家大量引用亨利.詹姆斯的作品。The author borrows heavily from Henry James.
borrower [ˈbɔrəuə］
n. a person or an organization that borrows money， especially from a bank借款人；借方
borrowing ［ˈbɔrəʊɪŋ］ n。
1. [c,u］ 借款；贷款；借贷
e.g. 高利率有助于控制借贷。High interest rates help to keep borrowing down.
2.[c］ 借用的言语(或思想等）
6） pay [pei] v. (paid, paid）/n.
1. vt. 支付，付钱给
e。g。 那条裙子你付了多少钱？How much did you pay for that dress？
注：为某件东西或某项服务付钱用pay for
e。g. (1） 你付给面包师多少钱? How much did you pay the baker?
(2） 我来付你修理费。Let me pay you for the repair.
注：付某人钱用pay sb.,为某事付某人钱时用pay sb。 for sth. 但付账单时用pay a bill, 如：
e。g。 我已付了账单。I have paid the bill。
2.vi. 付款，交款
e。g。 (1) 我将用支票付款.I’ll pay by cheque。（AmE check)。
（2） 杰克付了饮料钱. Jack paid for the drinks.
3。vi. ~(for sth。） to suffer or be punished for your beliefs or actions付代价；遭受惩罚
e.g。 你要为你的话付出代价的!You’ll pay for that remark!
Phr。v pay sb。 back. (sth.)/pay sth。 back (to sb。) to return money that you borrowed from sb.（向某人）还钱
e.g。 我下周把钱还给你。I’ll pay you back next week.
你可以在三年内分期归还贷款.You can pay back the loan over a period of three years.
pay sb. back. （for sth.）to punish sb. for making you or sb。 else suffer报复；惩罚
e。g。 他让我当众出丑，我非治治他不可。

I’ll pay him back for making me look like a fool in front of everyone.
pay sth。 off to finish paying money owed for sth。付清；偿清
e。g. 我们历经15年的时间还清了抵押贷款。We paid off our mortgage after fifteen years.
（mortgage ［ˈmɔ:ɡidʒ] n。 按揭(由银行等提供房产抵押借款)；按揭贷款vt. 以（房地产)作按揭贷款的抵押)
n. [u] the money that sb. gets for doing regular work工资,薪水
e.g. (1） 酬金不少. The pay is good.
(2） 她失去了三周的薪水。She lost three weeks’ pay。
5. Tony saw me and came and sat at the same table。 托尼看见了我，就走过来和我坐到一张桌子前。
6. He has never borrowed money from me. 他从未向我借过钱。
7。 While he was eating, I asked him to lend me twenty pounds. 当他吃饭时，我提出向他借20英镑。
lend ［lend] v。 （lent， lent）
1. ～(out)sth。 （to sb.）/～（sb.） sth to give sth to sb. or allow them to use sth. that belongs to you, which they have to return to you later借给；借出
e.g. 我把车借给汤姆了。I’ve lent the car to Tom. / I’ve lent Tom the car.
2. ~sth。 (to sb。)/～(sb。） sth （银行或金融机构） 贷（款)
e.g。 他们拒绝向我们贷款。
They refused to lend us the money。 / They refused to lend the money to us。
3. ～sth. (to sb。/sth.） / ~(sb./sth。) sth to give or provide help， support, etc.给予;提供(帮助、支持等）
e。g. [vn］ 我非常乐意给这样美好的事业提供援助。
I was more than happy to lend my support to such a good cause.
（cause n。1。[c］ 原因；起因 2。[u]~（for sth） 理由；动机；缘故 3. [c］ (支持或为之奋斗的）事业，目标,理想)
［vnn]他来给与我精神上的支持。He came along to lend me moral support。
(come along 1. 到达；抵达;出现 2. 跟随；跟着来 3. 进步；进展）
IDM:
1. lend (sb.) a （helping） hand (with sth.） (informal） to help sb. with sth。 帮助；援助；搭把手
e。g。 我走过去看我能不能帮上忙。I went over to see if I coul