高二英语讲学稿修改后许晓凌.doc

Learning paper for Senior II; Module3; Book 7 学科：英语 课题：Module3 Literature 撰稿：许晓凌 授课日期：2011-3-14 序号：5

Module3 Literature
【学习目标】1Target language (Some useful words and expressions related to this topic)
2.Learn the writing background of the novel and make some predictions.
3.Use Inversion used for emphasis and Emphatic sentences freely.
【学习重难点】1.How to get some background knowledge about Charles Dickens and his novel.
2. Help the students to better understand the passage by choosing the best summary.
3. Enable the students to use inversion and emphatic sentences freely
【知识回顾】
一. 单词扫描
根据句意，从下面的方框中选择合适的单词，用其适当形式填空。
seize, escape, publish, experience, hang, nutritious, attain ,
drag, desperate, reward, intend ,serve,

1. Life is not a problem to be solved., but a reality to ____________.
2. There are books_________ about this topic.
3. The murdered ___________on Friday.
4. My teacher__________ tea and some cookies to us that day.
5. John was studying in his room when he heard____________.
6. Everybody can’t keep calm at the ____________moment.
7. She moved slowly, ____________-her painful feet.
8. We should not__________ bad behavior.
9. A few of boys who ___________from the school were found smoking in the bushes.
10. I like to eat salt, what _________does that lack inside my body?
11. They ________the opportunity, and fled the other day.
12. He ___________to build more libraries on the campuses after he became rich.
二. (一) 短语互译
1.a huge amount of_______________________ 2.in a …voice________________________
3.feel at home________________________ 4.be filled with________________________
5.suffer from___________________________ 6.in rags____________________________
7.intend to do_____ 8.be wild with_______________________________
9.put up_________________________________ 10.be sure of______________________________
11.挑选，选出 __________________________ 12.习惯于________________________
13.惊讶地，吃惊地_______________________ 14.激动地_________________________
15.一……就 _ 16. 抓住，不放弃______________________
17.跟某人耳语_____________________ 18.盯着看_______________________________
19.对……有益处 ___________________ 20. 对……残忍__________________________
(二) 英汉互译
1．旱灾和火灾会经常发生。
Droughts and wildfires will occur ____________.
2．你应该让客人感觉舒服、自在。
You should make your guests _______________.
3．学生们吃惊地盯者老师。
_The students looked at their teacher __________.
4. 这家商店在社区张贴了许多广告。
This store _____________many ads in the neighbourhood.
5．这个城市里一场台风刚过去，又一场来袭。
___________ had one typhoon passed_________another hit the city.
6．我相信他的能力足以胜任这项工作。
We _his ability to be adequate to do the job.
7．Frightened by the sudden noise outside the door, she didn’t dare to go out.
_____________________________________________________________.
8．Never have I found such a careless man.
_____________________________________________________.
9. It was my mother who encouraged me when I was puzzled.
_____________________________________________________.
10．She wasn’t used to walking alone at night.
______________________________________________________.

[课堂学习与研讨]
◆重点句型：
1. It was Oliver Twist who was chosen.
2. Not until at least thirty seconds had passed, was the man able to speak.
3. No sooner had the boy spoken these words than the warden hit him on the head with the soup spoon.
4. Never have I heard anything like it.

【用法讲解】
强调句(The Emphatic Pattern)是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式。通过各种方式对句子中的某个部分进行强调，从而起到修辞的作用。
　1. 陈述句的强调句型
　　It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其他部分。
　　例子 It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.
　　2. 一般疑问句的强调句型
　　同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。
　　例子 Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
　　3. 特殊疑问句的强调句型
　　被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分？
　　例子 When and where was it that you were born?
　　4.not … until … 句型的强调句
　　A. 句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分
　　普通句：He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back.
　　强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
　　B. 注意：
此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not ... 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。
5.谓语动词的强调
　　A. It is/ was ... that ... 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did
　　Do sit down. 务必请坐。
　　Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！
　　B. 注意：
此种强调只用do/ does和did，没有别的形式；过去时用did，后面的谓语动词用原形。

【归纳总结】

强调句中,被强调部分指人时,用who/that;指事物时用that;去掉it is/was…that/who结构，句子成分仍然完整。

【巩固运用】1. When was _____ that the general manager left for Japan? （受疑问句式的影响将强调句型误判为非强调句型。）
A. he         B. it        C. that        D. since 
2.It might have been John _____ bought a present for Mary yesterday.（ 受复杂结构的影响）
A. that        B. when        C. what          D. which  
3.I don’t know _____makes her afraid of having her business discussed. （受复杂结构的影响）A. what it is about Mary that               B. that is it abut Mary what
C. what is it about Mary that               D. that is about Mary what
4.It was because of English girlfriend, believe it or not, ______ his English improved so greatly. （受插入语的影响将强调句型误判为非强调句型。）
A. which    B. as       C. that       D. what
5.“Who are making so much noise in the garden?” “_______ the children.”（ 受省略结构的影响将强调句型误判为非强调句型。）
A. It is        B. They are     C. That is              D. There are
6.______ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.（因忽略句子结构而将强调句型误判为非强调句型。）
A. It was we being late             B. It was our being late
1）（’03上海，36）It is these poisonous products can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles.
A. who B. that C. how D. what
（2）（’05天津，9）It is what you do rather than what you say matters.
A. that B. what C. which D. this
（3）（’06辽宁，35）It was after he got what he had desired he realized it was not so important.
A. that B. when C. since D. as
（4）（’04湖北，24）It was back home after the experiment
A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go
（5）（’06山东，32）I just wonder that makes him so excited。
A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. What it is

倒装句：
一．定义及类型：
1. 主语和谓语是句子的核心，它们之间有两种语序：
一是主语在谓语之前称为自然语序（Natural Order）；
二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序（Inverted Order）。
2.倒装语序分为完全倒装（Full Inversion）和部分倒装（Partial Inversion　　
完全倒装（Full Inversion）:又称"全部倒装",是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。
部分倒装（Partial Inversion）:指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前,而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
二．历年考点：
考点一. 强调否定状语的倒装句。即将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首引起的部分倒装结构。这类状语有：never, seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely….when…, no sooner…than…, not only…but also…, not until, nowhere, neither…nor…等。
例1 Never before_________in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.
A.has this city been B. this city has been
C.was this city D. this city was
考点二. Only+状语/状语从句
例2. Only then____ how much damage had been caused? (06年陕西卷)
A. she realized B she had realized
C. had she realized D. did she realize
考点三. 作状语的介词短语放于句首时引起的句子要全部倒装。有时为了强调将作状语的介词短语放在句首，而将主语放到句末；或者当句子中主语较长时，为了使句子平衡，常以作状语的介词短语开头。
例3. At the foot of the mountain____.(06年四川卷)
A. a village lie B. lies a village
C. does a village lie D. lying a village
考点四. so/such…that…结构中的so, such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时, 主句要进行部分倒装。
例4. So difficult____ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. (06年广东卷)
A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found
考点五. so／neither／nor表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时用倒装结构 “so／neither／nor＋助动词／系动词／情态动词＋主语”（so表示肯定意义，neither／nor表示否定意义）的形式。
例5. ──It’s burning hot today, isn’t it?
──Yes. ____ yesterday. (06年福建卷)
A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it
考点六. As/though 引导的让步状语从句要用倒装结构。即as / though引导的让步从句中必须将表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前），构成“形容词/副词/名词/动词/分词+as/though+主语+谓语的其它部分”的形式。
例6.______, he talks a lot about his favorites singers after class.(05年重庆卷)
A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be
C. Be a quiet student as he may be D. Quiet as he may be a student
考点七. 非真实条件句中的倒装。即在非真实条件句中含有were had, should等助动词时，可以将if省略，把助动词放在非真实条件句的句首的倒装形式。
例7._______ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.(06年湖北卷)
A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be

赏析：华兹华斯是英国文学史上浪漫主义时代的重要开创者之一，I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud是他的诗作中最广为流传的一篇，

I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud (by William Wordsworth) 

我独自漫游像一朵浮云    

I wandered lonely as a cloud

That floats on high o'er① vales and hills,

When all at once I saw a crowd,

A host②, of golden daffodils;

Beside the lake, beneath the trees,

Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

Continuous as the stars that shine

And twinkle on the milky way,

They stretched in never-ending line

Along the margin of a bay:

Ten thousand saw I at a glance,

Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.

The waves beside them danced; but they

Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:

A poet could not but be gay,

In such a jocund company:

I gazed---and gazed---but little thought

What wealth the show to me had brought:

For oft③, when on my couch I lie

In vacant or in pensive mood,

They flash upon that inward eye

Which is the bliss of solitude;

And then my heart with pleasure fills,

And dances with the daffodils.
我独自漫游像一朵浮云，

高高地漂浮在山与谷之上，

突然我看见一簇簇一群群

金色的水仙在开放：

靠湖边，在树下，

随风起舞乐开花。

它们连绵不断，像银河中

的群星闪烁、眨眼，

它们展延无限成远景

沿着湖湾的边沿：

一瞥眼我看见成千上万，

它们欢快摇首舞翩翩。

近旁的波浪跳着舞；但水仙

欢快的舞姿远远胜过闪光的波涛；

有这样欢快的侣伴，

诗人怎能不心花怒放？

我凝视着——凝视着——当时并未领悟

这景象给我带来的是何等财富：

常常是，当我独卧榻上，

或是沉思，或是茫然，

它们在我心田闪光

这是我独处时的欢乐无限；

我的心就充满快乐，

随着那些水仙起舞婀娜。

（李正栓 译）
选自《英美诗歌教程》，清华大学出版社（2004）

注：
1. o'er: over
2. host: a crowd, a large number of, a host of
3. oft: often

   《我独自漫游像一朵浮云》（又译《水仙花》），创作于1804年，是英国诗歌史上最著名的杰作之一。诗人的灵感来自于妹妹多萝西的一段文字，这段文字描述了兄妹二人某次外出途中看到的水仙花群在风中起舞的景象。诗人在1807年发表了这篇作品，之后进行了修改，并于1815年重新发表，今天广为人们传诵的就是后来的版本。这首诗充分利用了拟人、比喻等手法将大自然的美妙表现得生动逼真，似乎将读者置身于湖畔上连绵的水仙花随风舞动的风景当中。而最后两段诗人的沉吟和思考，表现了诗人享受于回味自然美景带来的精神愉悦，这也符合华兹华斯推崇的诗歌体现主观感受的理念。总之，这首诗行文流畅，措辞简洁不拖泥带水，值得大家细细品读，我们也可以顺便体会一下英文诗歌的韵律。

4

Life Genius is nothing but labor and diligence.