1、when和while引导的时间状语从句与这一时态连用。所以区别when和while的用法成了这一单元的难点。 (一)、when,while都有“当……时候”的意思。when既可表示某一点时间,也可以表示某一段时间 。在when引导的时间状语从句中,其谓语动词可以是延续性的,也可以是非延续性的,可与主句中的谓语动词同时发生,也可在其后发生。 例如: 1、I was just reading a book when she came into my room. 她走进我房间时,我正在看书。 2、Were you writing when the teacher came in? 老
2、师进来的时候,你在写信吗? 3、When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas. 他小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。 (二)、while只能表示某一段时间,不能表示某一点时间。在while引导的时间状语从句中,其谓语动词只能是延续性的,而且也只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在。 例如: 1、While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him. 正当吉姆修自行车时,林涛来看他。 2、You can’t do your homework while you’
3、re watching TV. 你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业。 (三)、另外,when和while的区别还在于:while引导的时间状语从句多用进行时态,而when引导的时间状语从句多用一般时态。 例如: 1、While they were talking , the bell rang. 正在他们谈话的时候,上课铃响了。 2、I was doing my homework when my mother came back home yesterday evening. 昨天晚上妈妈回家的时候,我正在做家庭作 when, while, as 的区别 [说
4、明]作连词时,when,while和as都有“当……时候”的意义,引导时间状语从句,但应注意它们的区别。 1) 如主句谓语动词表示的是短暂动作,从句时间状语指一段时间,三者可通用。 例如:Peter came in while /as /when I was watching TV. 当Peter进来的时候我正在看电视。 I was watching TV when Peter came in. 当Peter进来时我正在看电视。 2) as 和 when 可与非延续性动词连用,而 while 只能与延续性动词连用。 例如:H
5、e came in when/ as I was going to bed. 我正要上床睡觉,他进来了。 3) as 和 while可用来指一段时间,但 as 强调主句与从句表示的动作同时发生,while强调主句表示的动作是在 while 从句的动作延续中发生。 例如:As my mother sang those old songs, tears ran down her cheeks. 当我妈妈唱起那些老歌时,眼泪顺着她的脸颊流了下来。 I came in while he was reading an interesting book i
6、n his room. 我进来的时候他正在房间里看一本有趣的书。 三者都有“当……时候”的意思,注意以下用法与区别: 1、若主句表示的是一个短暂性的动作,而从句表示的是一个持续性动作时,三者都可用。如: He fell asleep when [while, as] he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。 I met him when [as, while] I was taking a walk in the park. 我在公园散步时遇到了他。 注:as 用于引出一个持续性动词表示“在……期间”时,其谓语通常只能是那些含有动作(actio
7、n)和发展(development) 意味的动词,一般不能是那些不用于进行时态的动词(如 be, seem, love, want, agree, see, know, have 等),所以下面一句中的 while 不能换为 as: A:I’m going to the post office. 我要去邮局。 B:While you are there, can you get me some stamps? 当你在邮局时,能帮我买几张邮票吗? 2、若主、从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作,且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间,通常要用 while。如: D
8、on’t talk while you’re eating. 吃饭时不要说话。 I kept silent while he was writing. 在他写的时候,我默不作声。 但是,若主、从句表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边……一边”之意思,通常要用 as。如: She sang as she went along. 她边走边唱。 3、若从句是一个短暂性动作,而主句是一个持续性动作,可以用 as 或 when 但不用 while。如: When [As] he came in, I was listening to the radio. 他进来时,我在
9、听收音机。 It was raining hard when [as] we arrived. 我们到达时正下着大雨。 4、若主、从句表示的是两个同时(或几乎同时)发生的短暂性动作,一般要用 as (也可用 when)。如: I thought of it just when [as] you opened your mouth. 就在你要说的时候,我也想到了。 5、若要表示两个正在发展变化的情况,相当于汉语的“随着”,一般用 as。如: Things are getting better and better as time goes on. 随着时间的推
10、移,情况越来越好。 As it grew darker, it became colder. 天色越晚,天气越冷。 6、表示“每当……的时候”(暗示一种规律性),一般要用 when。如: It’s cold when it snows. 下雪时天冷。 He smiles when you praise him. 你夸奖他时他总是笑笑。 7、若主、从句所表示的动作不是同时发生,而是有先后顺序时,一般要用 when。如: I will go home when he comes back. 他回来时,我就回家去。 I will discuss t
11、his with you when we meet next time. 我们下次见面时,我要同你讨论这个问 when,while,as引导时间状语从句的区别 when,while,as显然都可以引导时间状语从句,但用法区别非常大。 一、when可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和短暂性动词连用;而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。 ① Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already?(get为短暂性动词)你已经找到如此好的工作,为何还想再找新的? ②Sorry,I was out
12、when you called me.(call为短暂性动词)对不起,你打电话时我刚好外出了。 ③Strike while the iron is hot.(is为延续性动词,表示一种持续的状态)趁热打铁。 ④ The students took notes as they listened.(listen为延续性动词)学生们边听课边做笔记。 二、when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生;while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。 1.从句动作在主句动作前发生,只用 when。 ①When he had finished his hom
13、ework,he took a short rest.(finished先发生)当他完成作业后,他休息了一会儿。 ②When I got to the airport,the guests had left.(got to后发生)当我赶到飞机场时,客人们已经离开了。 2.从句动作和主句动作同时发生,且从句动作为延续性动词时,when,while,as都可使用。 ①When /While /As we were dancing,a stranger came in.(dance为延续性动词)当我们跳舞时,一位陌生人走了进来。 ②When /While /As she was ma
14、king a phonecall,I was writing a letter.(make为延续性动词)当她在打电话时,我正在写信。 3.当主句、从句动作同时进行,从句动作的时间概念淡化,而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时,只能用 as。这时,as常表示“随着……”;“一边……,一边……”之意。 ① As the time went on,the weather got worse.(as表示“随着……”之意) ② The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases.随着高度的增加,大气越来越稀薄。
15、③As years go by,China is getting stronger and richer.随着时间一年一年过去,中国变得越来越富强了。 ④The little girls sang as they went.小姑娘们一边走,一边唱。 ⑤The sad mother sat on the roadside,shouting as she was crying.伤心的妈妈坐在路边,边哭边叫。 4.在将来时从句中,常用when,且从句须用一般时代替将来时。 ①You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading
16、it.在我读完这本书后,你可以借阅。 ②When the manager comes here for a visit next week,Ill talk with him about this.下周,经理来这参观时,我会和他谈谈此事。 三、when用于表示“一……就……”的句型中(指过去的事情)。 sb.had hardly(=scarcely) done sth.when...=Hardly / Scarcely had sb.done sth.when... ①I had hardly /scarcely closed my eyes when someone knoc
17、ked at the door.=Hardly / Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.我刚一闭上眼,就有人在敲门了。 ②I had hardly /scarcely entered my room when the telephone rang.=Hardly /Scarcely had I entered my room when the telephone rang.我刚一走进房门,电话就响了。 七、while与when以及as之间的区别。 1. 当从句中的谓语动词是持续
18、性的动作时,我们可以用while, when或as。 While / When / As I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of the bank.我顺着马路往前走时,发现银行门前停着一辆警车。 2. 当从句中的谓语动词表示瞬间动作时,不可用while。 He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door. 他正要走,这时有人敲门。 3. 如果谈论两个长动作,最常用的是while。
19、 While John was sitting biting his nails, I was working out a plan to get us home. 约翰坐在那里咬指甲时,我想出了一个回家的办法。 不过, as是可以用来说明两种正在发展或变化的情况的,这时as引导一个持续性的动作,主句中的动作与之同时进行。 As we talked on, he got more and more excited. 我们继续往下谈的时候,他越来越兴奋。 4. 如果表示两个短动作或事件同时发生,最常用的是as或just as,也可用when。 Just
20、as he caught the ball, there was a tearing sound. 当他抓住球的时候,有一种撕裂的声音。 I thought of it just when you opened your mouth. 就在你要说话的时候,我也想到了。 when、while和as 这三个有什么区别啊? 1、When I was writing,XiaoMing turned off the light. 2、While my mother was cooking,my father was smoking.( 这里不能用when吗?) 3、What w
21、ere you doing when she called you on the phone? 一、根据从句动作的持续性来区分 1. “主短从长”型:即主句是一个短暂性的动作,而从句是一个持续性动作,此时三者都可用。如: Jim hurt his arm while [when, as] he was playing tennis. 吉姆打网球时把手臂扭了。 As [When, While] she was waiting for the train, she became very impatient. 她在等火车时,变得很不耐烦。 注意:as用于引出一个持续性
22、动词表示“在……期间”时,其谓语通常只能是那些含有动作(action)和发展(development)意味的动词,一般不能是那些不用于进行时态的动词(如be, seem, love, want, agree, see, know, have 等),所以下面一句中的while不能换为as: A:I’m going to the post office. 我要去邮局。 B:While you are there, can you get me some stamps? 当你在邮局时,能帮我买几张邮票吗? 2. “主长从长”型:即主句和从句为两个同时进行的动作或存在的状态,且强调主
23、句动作或状态延续到从句所指的整个时间,此时通常要用while。如: I always listen to the radio while I’m driving. 我总是一边开车一边听收音机。 He didn’t ask me in; he kept me standing at the door while he read the message. 他没有让我进去,他只顾看那张条子,让我站在门口等着(from )。 但是,若主句和从句所表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边……一边”之意时,则习惯上要用as。如: He swung his arms as he walk
24、ed. 他走路时摆动着手臂。 I couldn’t remember a story to tell the children, so I made one up as I went along. 我想不出有什么故事可给孩子讲了,只好现编现讲。 3. “主长从短”型:即主句是一个持续性动作,而从句是一个短暂性动作,此时可以用as或when,但不能用while。如: It was raining hard when [as] we arrived. 我们到达时正下着大雨。 When [As] he came in, I was listening to the radio
25、 他进来时,我在听收音机。 二、根据主句与从句动作是否同时发生来区分 1. “主短从短”若主句与从句表示的是两个同时发生的短暂性动作,含有类似汉语“一……就”的意思,英语一般要用as (也可用when)。如: The ice cracked as [when] I stepped onto it. 我一踩冰就裂了。 He jumped to his feet as the boss came in. 老板一进来他立刻站了起来。 但是,在hardly [scarcely]…when…句式中,不能将when换成as。如: Scarcely had we arriv
26、ed, when it began to rain. 我们刚一到就下起雨来了。 2. 若主句与从句表示的是两个几乎同时发生的短暂性动作,含有类似汉语“刚要……就”“正要……却”的意思,英语一般要用as(也可用when),且此时通常连用副词just。如: I caught him just when [as] he was leaving the building. 他正要离开大楼的时候,我把他截住了。 Just as [when] the two men were leaving, a message arrived. 就在这两个人要离开的时候,突然有了消息。 三、根据是否
27、具有伴随变化来区分 若要表示主句动作伴随从句动作同时发展变化,有类似汉语“随着”的意思,英语习惯上要用as,而不用when或while。如: The room grew colder as the fire burnt down. 随着炉火逐渐减弱,房间越来越冷。 As time goes by my memory seems to get worse. 随着时间的流逝,我的记忆力似乎越来越差。 注:若不是引导从句,而是引出一个短语,则用with,不用as。如: With winter coming on, it’s time to buy warm clothe
28、s. 随着冬天到来,该买暖和衣裳了。 The shadows lengthened with the approach of sunset. 随着太阳下落,影子也逐渐伸长。 四、根据从句动作的规律性来区分 若暗示一种规律性,表示“每当……的时候”,英语一般要用when。如: It’s cold when it snows. 下雪时天冷。 He smiles when you praise him. 你夸奖他时他总是笑笑。 五、根据主从句动作的先后顺序来区分 若主句与从句所表示的动作不是同时发生,而是有先后顺序时,一般要用when。如: When
29、he arrives he’ll tell us all about the match. 等他到了,他会好好给我们讲讲那场比赛的情况。 When she had finished she waited as though for a reply. 她讲完之后等了等,仿佛是在等候回答似的。 六、根据是否具有“趁机”意味来区分 1. 若从句所表示的“当……的时候”具有“趁机”的意味,则通常用while。如: Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。 I tried to slip the note to him while the te
30、acher wasn’t looking. 我想趁老师不注意时把条子偷偷递给他。 有时也用when。如(from ): He stole the money when no one was by. 他趁旁边无人时把钱偷走了。 The boy looks at her repeatedly when she’s not looking. 那男孩趁她没看他的时候不断地盯着她看。 七、根据是否用作并列连词来区分 when可用作并列连词,表示“这时(突然)”;while也可以用作并列连词,表示“而”“却”(表示对比);但as则没有类似用法。如: I was just
31、 about to go to bed when I heard a knock on the door. 我正要睡觉,听见有人敲门。 One person may like to spend his vacation at the seashore, while another may prefer the mountains. 一个人会喜欢在海滨度假,而另一个人会喜欢在山里度假。 八、根据所引出的省略句来区分 1. as和when之后均可直接跟一个名词,构成省略句;但是while一般不这样用。如: As [When] a boy, he lived in Japan.
32、他小时候在日本。 As [When] still a student, he wrote a novel. 当他还是个学生的时候,他就写了一本小说。 2. when和while之后可接现在分词、介词短语、形容词等构成省略句,但as一般不这样用。如: When [While] reading, he fell asleep. 他看书时睡着了。 When [While] in trouble, ask her for help. 遇到麻烦的时候你就去找她帮忙。 You must study hard while (you are) young, or you will regret when (you are) old. 你趁年轻时必须努力学习,不然到老了你会后悔的。 The explanation above are all from the website,which expresses detailedly. while is always used in the progressive tense,and have a slight meaning the same as but.






