四级写作分类句型.doc

新四级备考资料——写作
大学英语四级考试——写作专项辅导
目录

CET-4写作强化套用经典句型（按作文类型及谋篇分类） 1
作文类型一（议论文）：对比或选择观点型 1
作文类型二（说明文）：说明利弊型 12
作文类型二（说明文）：解决问题型 17
作文类型二（说明文）：说明原因型 20
作文类型二（说明文）：图表类 22
作文类型三：应用文(1) 27
作文类型三：应用文(2) 28
附件1： 29
附件2： 32
四级写作参考范文 32

CET-4写作强化套用经典句型（按作文类型及谋篇分类）
作文类型一（议论文）：对比或选择观点型
第一段：展现问题、现象，从而引出人们所持的不同观点
问题的常用词：question, problem, issue
(一)展现问题
Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that....
    随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是____________。
    As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes。
    然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。（Hold different attitudes 持不同的看；Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法）
As society develops, people are attaching much importance to....
随着社会的发展，人们开始关注............
    As to whether it is worthwhile ....., there is a long-running controversial debate. It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.
关于是否值得___________的问题，一直以来争论不休。当然，不同的人对此可能持不同的观点。
Now we are entering a new era, full of opportunities and challenges,
现在我们正在进入一个充满机会和挑战的新时代。
    Recently, the issue of ...... has been brought into public focus/concern.
    近来，_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。
    Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations, and great changes have taken place in people's attitude towards some traditional practice.
    现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代，很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。
    Recently the issue of whether or not ... has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.
    近来，是否_______的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。

（二）引出不同观点
People's views on... vary from person to person. Some hold that... . However, others believe that....
　　人们对...的观点因人而异.有些人认为.....然而其他人却认为．．．

　　People may have different opinions on...
　　人们对...可能会有不同的见解。

　　Attitudes towards (drugs) vary from person to person.
　　人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异。

　　There are different opinions among people as to...
　　关于.... 人们的观点大不相同。

    Different people hold different attitudes toward (failure).
    对(失败)人们的态度各不相同。
    Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that....
最近，这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注，有人开始担心______________。
    The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history, with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention.
人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段，经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快，随之给我们带来了很多问题。
    At present, some people think ....while others claim ...Both sides have their merits.
    目前，一些人认为_______而另一些人则认为_______。其实，两种观点都其可取之处。
    People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.
    对于这种极具争议的话题，我们很难作出绝对的回答。
    People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.
    不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。
    The controversial issue is often brought into public focus. People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.
    这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。
    When asked ..., some people think..... while some prefer...
    说到______，有人认为________，而另一些人则认为__________。
    Just as the saying goes: "so many people, so many minds". It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.
    俗话说，""。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。
    To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes.
    对于这个问题，不同的人持不同的观点。
    When it comes to ..., most people believe that ..., but other people regard ...as ....
    提到_________问题，很多人认为_________，不过，一些人则认为______是____.
    When faced with...., quite a few people claim that ...., but other people think as...
    提到_________问题，仅少数人认为________，但另一些人则认为_________。
There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of .... There who criticize ...argue that ...., they believe that ...,but people who favor .., on the other hand, argue that...
    目前，_______问题争议较大。批判_______的人认为_______，他们认为_______，不过，另一方面，赞同_______的人则认为_________。
第二段：再次阐述对立观点一并分析原因
（一）再次阐述对立观点一
    Some people are of the opinion that..
    有些人认为_____________。
    Many/A majority of/ A large number of people claim that...
    很多/绝大多数人认为_____________。
    Some people contend that ... has proved to bring many advantages (disadvantages)
    有些人认为________有很多有利之处（不利之处）。
    Those who argue for ... say that ...economic development of the cities.
    觉得_____的人认为，______ 城市的经济发展。
    Some people advocate that ....
    有些人在坚持认为_________。
    They hold that ... 他们认为_________。
    People, who advocate that ..., have their sound reasons (grounds)
    坚持认为______的人也有其说法（依据）。
    Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praise of it.
    那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。
    Those who strongly approve of ... have cogent reasons for it.
    强烈认同_______的人有很多原因。
    Many people would claim that...
    有人会认为___________。
People who support ... give some or all of the following reasons.
    那些支持_________观点的人列出了如下原因：________。
（二）分析原因
１）原因一：
    In my mind , the following factors/reasons/causes need to be taken into consideration.
    我认为，我们需要考虑下列因素/原因：
    There are several reasons for this phenomenon/why...-(as follows).
    造成这种现象的原因如下：
    And I would like to present two explanations for this:
    对于此，我有如下两点愚见：
    The reasons are chiefly as follows. 主要原因如下：
    There are numerous reasons why ____, and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here.
    为什么___________，原因很多，在此列举几个较为重要的原因。
    The reasons are presented below. 原因如下。
    There are three premier(主要的)/best/ most important, largest, significant, obvious, crucial causes as follows.
    以下这些是造成这一问题的最主要/最好/最重要/最大/最有意义/明显/至关重要的原因。
This is based on the propensity(倾向，原因) of following points.
    这基于以下的原因。
　　The main reason is that.. 主要原因是_____________。
　　One very important argument for ..... is that....
    _______的非常重要的原因便是____________________。
　　The reasons are quite clear. Above all, ....
    原因非常清楚。首先（首要的是）__________。
　　The first reason can be seen by every person.
    第一个原因其实很明显。
　　The first and most important reason is that.....
    第一个而且最重要的原因是______________。
　　One of the reasons that are given for....is that....
    ______________的原因之一是__________________。
　　Perhaps this is because of the simple fact that...
    也许，原因很简单，亦即_____________________。
　　One of the premier causes is that(注意用词)
    最重要的原因之一便是______________。
　　At the risk of sounding too simplistic, it seems to me that the main propositions can be summarized in one saying.
    这个原因可能较简单，不过，我认为可以用一句谚语来概括，________。
　　We may look into every possible reason, however, foremost reason for .... Is ....  
    其实有很多原因，不过，造成________的最重要的原因是______________。
2) 原因二：
It might also be noted that....
    需要注意的是，____________。
　　Another reason why .....(凑字数，但不可滥用) is that....(有利于写长句)
　　What is also worth noticing is that....
    值得一提的是_____
　　There is another factor that deserves some words here.
    还有另外一个很重要的原因。
　　A more essential factor why.... Is that
    ________ 的更为重要的原因是____________。
　　A further reason why,,,, is that.....
    ________的更深层次的原因是____________。
　　In addition..此外，再者,___________.
　　Moving on to wider themes,_______.
    展开来说，_________________________。
　　The second thing that must be taken into consideration is that...
    第二个原因也很重要（值得考虑），亦即__________。
Likewise(同样), common sense tells us that...
    同样，___________，这是众所周知的。
3) 原因三：
　　The third but very important reason is that...
    第三个（尽管不是很重要）原因是______________。
　　The third, not the last is that...
    第三个原因是___________。
　　The last factor to be taken seriously is...
    第三个重要原因是_______________。
　　最后的原因常用过渡表达：Finally, moreover, last but not least, furthermore.
第三段：再次阐述并分析对立观点二
观点的用词：Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组：Take have, come up with，set forth, put forward等。问题用词：issue, phenomenon，后接介词, on, over等。
（一）再次阐述对立观点二
    But others hold the view that ...但是，另外一些人则认为_______。
    But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people who strongly advocate that..,
    不过，另一方面，也有少部分人坚持认为_______________。
    But people who are ..., on the other hand , maintain that...
    不过，另一方面，________的人认为__________。
However, there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.
然而，很多人对此有不同的看法。
    However, some others argue that... 然而，另一些人则认为_________。
    However, there are also some others who contend that...
    然而，也有人认为__________。
    But other people set forth completely totally different argument concerning this case.
    不过，对于此，另一些人则持完全不同的观点。
    Some people examine this issue from another angle.
    有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。
On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly ...
    另一方面，也有很多反对的人，他们认为_____________。
（二）分析原因同观点一
第四段：提出个人观点
表达不确定的用词：may, seem, be likely to, possible, probably, perhaps, be said that, be said to...
    According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer ... rather than...
    根据我的个性以及兴趣，我选择_______而不会选择__________。
    Personally, I side with the latter (former) opinion...
    就我个人而言，我支持后者（前者）___________。
    Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.
    就我个人而言，我较同意前一种看法。
    To my point of view 我认为
    To my mind, the advantages far overweigh the drawbacks（disadvantages, shortcomings）
    我认为，优点胜过缺点。
    For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that..
    就我而言，我较赞同后一种观点________________。
    As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view.
    在我看来，我较同意后一种观点。
    After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the latter view that..
    经过深思熟虑，我较支持后一种看法，亦即________________________。
    If asked to make a decision, I would prefer...
    如果真的需要作出选择，我宁愿____________。
    Taking into consideration both sides of the issue, I tend to favor the latter view..
    比较两种观点进行比较，我较同意后一种观点，亦即_________________。
    When considering opinions of both sides, I am inclined to ...
    对两种观点进行综合考虑之后，我较认同_________________。
If it is up to me to make a choice between ... and ... I would rather choose ... over...
    如果要我在____和____之间进行选择，我会在基于某个原因的基础上选择... ...
If I were faced with the decision, I would follow ....
如果要我抉择，我会____________
    At the risk of sounding too direct , I prefer to...
    虽然可能过于直接，不过，我还是选择____________。
Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that...
　　把所有这些因素加以考虑,我们自然会得出结论...
Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that
　　考虑所有这些因素,我们可能会得出合理的结论...
Hence/Therefore, we'd better come to the conclusion that...
　　因此,我们最好得出这样的结论...

作文类型二（说明文）：说明利弊型
第一段：引出要说明事物及其两面性
As the proverb goes: "every coin has its two sides", ....is no exception.
    俗语有云："万事万物都有两面性。" ________也不例外。
　　Every thing has a good side and a bad side, and ....is no exception.
    万事万物有其两面性，而________也是如此。
　　The discussion as to whether the ... is a blessing or a curse arouses most people's interests.
    __________是好坏利弊问题引起了很多人的兴趣。
　　..plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world.
     ______ 尤为重要而引起当今社会的关注。
　　There comes a question: is it a blessing or a curse?
    问题是：____是福是祸？
　　There is no denying that every thing has one more face and ... is no exception.
    不可否认，每一件事物都有其两面性，其实，______也不例外。
Every thing in the world has its own two sides. Without exception, A has both advantages and disadvantages.
    任何事情都有两面性，A也不例外，有其优势和劣势（利与弊）。
The issue whether it is good or not to .... has aroused a heated discussion all over the country.
    ______的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。
There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes without saying that...
    万事万物都有其两面性，所以，勿庸置疑，____________。
第二段：说明事物的优缺点
（一）说明优点
　　....undoubtedly plays an increasing significant role in modern life.
    不容置疑，_______在现代生活中不断显示出其重要性。
　　With the development of the society, ... is increasingly important.
    随着社会的发展，_______变得越来越重要。
　　The merits of this is obvious...

    其好处显而易见。
　　As we know, ... bring many benefits and convenience to people.
    众所周知，_______ 为我们的生活带来很多好处。
There are no less than three advantages in .. as rendered below.
    如下所示，_______ 至少有三种好处。
（二）说明缺点
　　Despite the advantages ... has, some people claim, we shall not lose sight of its adverse effects on...
    尽管_____有些益处（优势），有些人则认为，我们不能忽略了其对______的负面影响。
　　However, like anything else,... has more than one face.
    然而，象其他任何事物一样，______ 还有其它的方面。
　　However, with the advance of the human civilization, there is an increasing number of people who have raised doubts about whether...

    然而，随着人类文明的进步，越来越多的人开始置疑是否__________。
　　Some people deem it is a dangerous signal and call for public awareness of the negative effects it has brought about.
    有些人认为这是一种危险的信号，因此需关注其给社会带来的负面影响。
　　Of course, nothing in the world is perfect, so is...
    当然，世间没有完美的事物，所以，________。
　　Despite its merits, it also brings some problems to solve.
    尽管其也有很多优点，不过，也给我们带来一些问题。
　　But its bright side should not keep us from examining its dark side.
    但是，我们不能因为这些优点而忽略了其缺点。
第三段：你对现状（或前景）的看法
总结性表述常用：in general, all in all, on the whole , in brief, in summary, in conclusion, in short, in a word , to sum up, to conclude, to summarize,...
From the reasons presented above, I think the pros outweigh the cons.
    从以上原因可以看出，其优势胜过劣势（优点多于缺点）。
　　As far as I am concerned, its disadvantages outweigh its disadvantages.
    我认为，其优势胜于劣势。
　　But all in all, I would say the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. With the advance of society, if we encourage the merits and eliminate the drawbacks, all the people will enjoy a better life.
    但是，总的说来，我认为其优势大于劣势。随着社会的发展，如果我们能对此善加利用，所有的人都能生活得更好。
　　From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that...
    通过以上的讨论，我们可以得出如下结论，___________。
　　So, as I see it..
    因此，我个人认为，_________。
　　What we must do is to encourage the strength and diminish the weaknesses to the least extent.
    我们必须尽可能发挥其优势，扬长避短。
　　In conclusion, although ... has its negative effects, it can to a great extent brings us more advantages.
    总的说来，虽然_______ 有其负面的影响，在很大程度上，其也将给我们带来很多好处。
From what has been discussed above, we can see ... does more harm than good to us. Therefore, I strongly approve of the motion that...
    从以上论述可知，_____ 对我们百害而无一利。因此，我对......的做法深表赞同。
There is no doubt that (job-hopping) has its drawbacks as well as merits
　　毫无疑问,跳槽有优点也有缺点。
列举或举例，即"比如"的表达方式：
For example,
For instance,
It can be given a concrete example,
Take ... as an example, it is a very obvious case
There is one impressive example I want to mention here.
Let's see an example.
It is best illustrated if given the following example.
Let me provide an example.
Perhaps the most important example of ...is that...
As I remember,/ I now still remember that...
I will never forget that...
To illustrate this, there is an example that is very persuasive.
An instance that accompanies this reason is that...
An example can give the detail