过去分词作状语导学案.doc

过去分词作状语
一 预习检测 写出词或短语的汉语意思
Compare…..with be trapped in heat injure
Break into pieces be caught in be surrounded by
【观察1】
你能从下列例句中总结出过去分词作状语的使用规律吗？
（1）Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.
=When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.
（2）Compared with you, we still have a long way to go.
=If we are compared with you, we still have a long way to go.
（3）Greatly touched by his teacher’s words, the boy did a lot of things to help his classmates.
=Because he was greatly touched by his teacher’s words, the boy did a lot of things to help his classmates.
= He was greatly touched by his teacher’s words, so the boy did a lot of things to help his classmates.
（4）Laughed at by the other students, she still tried to answer the question again.
=Though she was laughed at by the other students, she still tried to answer the question again.
= She was laughed at by the other students, but she still tried to answer the question again.
（5）The teacher entered the classroom, followed by a group of his students.
= The teacher entered the classroom and he was followed by a group of his students.
【归纳1】
从以上的例句中可以看出：
1.过去分词短语作 ，相当于when引导的 从句，见例（1）。
2.过去分词短语作 ，相当于if,unless引导的 从句，见例（2）。
3.过去分词短语作 ，相当于because,as,since引导的 从句，或改写成so连接的并列句见例（3）。
4.过去分词短语作 ，相当于although,though引导的 从句，或改写成but连接的并列句见例（4）。
5.过去分词短语作 可以改写成and连接的并列句，见例（5）。
【观察2】
观察下列句子中的过去分词在句中做什么成分呢？
（1） Heated, water changes into steam.
( 2 )Given more time, we could do it much better.
( 3 )Seriously injured, he had to be taken to the hospital.
( 4 )Beaten by the enemy, he still kept on fighting.
( 5 )She walked out of the house, followed by her little daughter.
( 6 )The glass fell on to the ground, broken into pieces.
【归纳2】
句（1）至（6）的过去分词短语分别表示动作的 、 、 、
、 和 。
【能力提升】：请你尝试把观察2中的6个句子改写成状语从句或并列句吗？
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

观察3，过去分词与逻辑上的主语构成______关系

高考链接
过去分词与高考写作
【实践】请你尝试把下列两个句子改写由过去分词（短语）作状语的简单句。
1.The boy was asked why he came here. He kept silent.

2.I was worried about the journey. I was unsettled for the first few days

3. Dr. Black was caught in a traffic jam. He managed to get to work on time this morning.

4.If you are trapped in a burning building, you should send for help in no time.

5The teacher stood there. He was surrounded by many students

翻译
6他快步走进大厅，后面跟着两个士兵
He hurried to the hall, _____by two guards
7听到这个消息他看起来很失望
_______________the news，he felt disappointed
8尽管被学生嘲笑他还是又回答了一遍
______________by the students, he tried to answer the question again
9被他的话感动，我接受了他的礼物

________by his words, I accepted his present

【观察5】（翻译第7题与6， 8, 9题有什么不同呢？）
选用分词作状语时，何时用现在分词，何时用过去分词呢

1 ______ nobody at home, I had to leave.（see）
2 _______ from the hill, our school is more beautiful.(see)
【归纳5】
选用分词作状语时,首先要弄清句子主语和分词之间的逻辑关系，如果句子的主语（分词的逻辑主语）与分词构成 关系，则用现在分词作状语，表 ; 如果句子的主语（分词的逻辑主语）与分词构成 关系，则用过去分词作状语，表 。

【重点提示】)有些过去分词已经形成了系表结构，因此他们作状语时与主句的主语之间是逻辑上的主动关系，但仍然用过去分词形式。例如：
　　 Lost in thought， she nearly ran into a tree.
　　 陷入沉思，她差点撞到树上。
　　(lost意为“迷失的”，与逻辑主语连接起来相当于Because she was lost…，作原因状语)与lost类似的过去分词还有disappointed， dressed， determined， devoted， tired， caught等。

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