cooking recipe words.doc

P-11
Created by WordPower English House
Cooking Words
Key Words:
cook [kJk]n.厨师v.烹调, 煮, 伪造
concoct [kEn5kCkt]vt.调制， 炮制; 捏造， 编造; 策划， 计划
decoct [di5kCkt]vt.煎, 熬, 煮
effervesce [9efE5ves]vi.冒泡, 起沫; 泡腾; 兴奋; 愉快
pantry [5pAntri]n.餐具室; 食品室; 配膳室; [美俚]胃
abrade [E5breid]vt., vi.擦伤,磨损,刮擦,擦去,研磨, 切除; 清除, 清理
excise [ek5saiz]n.(国产)货物税; 消费税 vt.收税, 切除
incise [in5saiz]vt.切割, 切开; 雕刻
bisect [bai5sekt]vt.把...一分为二, [数]二等分;与...相交叉[横切]vi.(道路等)分开
segment [5se^mEnt]n.段,片,部分,节;弓形,圆缺,球缺vt.分割成部分,使分裂vi.分裂

Do you know the words:
1) cook a) to wear away by rubbing ;
2) concock b) to remove bycutting out
3) decoct c) to prepare food for eating;a person who prepares food
4) effervesce d) to have bubbles forming inside
5) pantry e) to boil sth longtime in water
6) abrade f) to make sth by mixing
7) excise g) to cut into sth
8) incise h) sections;parts into which sth can be cut or divided
9) bisect I) a small room for keeping food,dishes,glasses,ect
10) segment j) to divide sth into two equal parts.

Do you understand these words
1. When you cook a meal,you never use heating. T F
2. If you concoct sth, you make it by mixing. T F
3. The Chinese herb medicine is always taken by decocting. T F
4. The sign of effervescence is the bubbles inside. T F
5. A pantry is a place where people have meetings. T F
6. An abrasive manner is rude and unkind. T F
7. The excise is a tax that goverment puts on goods for exportation. T F
8. Something is bisected has three pieces. T F
9. A segment of something is one part of it . T F
10. To incise diamond needs much of precision. T F

Can you recall the words:

1) To cut into with a sharp tool i ________
2) prepare food by heating c ______
3) cut into i ________
4) cut away c ________
5) mixing c ________
6) a place where food is kept p ________
7) cut into two parts b ________
8) section,part s ________
9) rubbing ,wear off a ________
10) liquid with many bubbles inside e ________

Etymology:
Root Meaning Word
coct cook decoct
ferv boil effervescent
pan bread company
rad,ras rub; wear away the surface abrade
sect, seg cut insect
cid cis cut, kill suicide

More words:
-coct-
concoct [kEn5kCkt]vt. 调制， 炮制; 捏造， 编造; 策划， 计划
concoct a splendid meal 配制的佳肴
concoct a mystery story 编造一个神话故事
concoction [kEn`kCkFEn]n.调合, 混合, 调合物
concoctive adj.捏造的, 策划的, 调合的
cook [kJk]vt, vi 烹调；煮；烧（饭、菜）n 炊事员；厨师
cook up伪造, 虚构
cooker [5kJkE(r)]n.炊具, 蒸(煮)机,(非生吃的)为烹食所种水果
a gas cooker 煤气灶
cookery [5kukEri]n.烹调法 ;［美］厨房
Chinese cookery 中国菜烹调法 invalid cookery 病人伙食; 病人厨房
cookie [`kJkI]n.(苏格兰)甜面包,(美国)小甜饼,网络服务器传递给浏览器的信息
cookies n.饼干
cooking [`kJkIN]n.烹饪
cuisine [kwi(:)5zi:n]n.厨房; 烹调法, 烹饪菜肴
Spanish cuisine. 西班牙烹饪
culinary [5kQlinEri]adj.厨房的;烹饪的,烹调用的[Lculina, kitchen厨师
precocial [pri5kEuFEl]adj.早熟的, 生下就有很高程度独立活动能力的
precocious [prI5kEJFEs]adj育过早的,早熟的(人);少年老成的;行为、知识等）
precocity [pri5kCsiti]n.(人的)早熟, 过早发育; (植物的)早成[熟]
-ferv-
effervesce [9efE5ves]vi. 冒泡, 起沫; 泡腾 兴奋; 愉快
febrifuge [5febrifju:dV]adj. 【医】退热药; 解热剂 adj. 退热的
febrile [5fi:brail]adj.【医】热性的; 发热的
febris n.发烧
ferment [5fE:mEnt]n.发酵, 酵母, 激动; 纷扰vt. vi.(使)发酵, (使)激动,鼓励, 酝酿adj.可发酵的
be in a ferment在骚动中 ferment trouble酝酿骚乱
fervent [5fE:vEnt]adj. 炽热的 热情的; 热心的, 热烈的, 强烈的
a fervent desire热望 fervent love热爱 fervent hatred 强烈的恨
fervid [5fE:vid]adj.[诗]炽热的; 似火的 热烈的, 热情的; 激烈的
fervid loyalty 赤胆忠心 a fervid orator 慷慨激昂的演说者
-pan-
companion [kEm5pAnjEn]n.伙伴, 朋友; 成双的东西之一; 最下级勋爵;(作书籍杂志名用)指南,手册; vt.陪伴,伴随; vi.(与...)同行;(跟...)结交
companions in arms战友 companion volume姐妹篇
company [5kQmpEni]n.一群，一队；客人；同伴,交际, 交往; 公司，商号; 【军】连;全体船员;聚会,社团; vt.陪伴; vi.作伴； 亲密交往（with）
in the company of在...陪同下 He kept me company.他陪伴我。
I have company this evening.今晚我有客。
accompany [E5kQmpEni]vt.陪, 伴, 陪着;陪衬,伴随; 给...伴奏; 补充; vi.伴奏
She accompanied me to the doctor's. 她陪我去看了医生。
Lightning usually accompanies thunder. 雷声常常伴随着闪电而来。
accompanist [E5kQmpEnist]n.【音】伴奏者, 伴唱者
accompaniment [E5kQmpEnimEnt]n.伴随物,附属物;[音]伴奏;跟踪;装饰物 vi.伴奏
-rad-, -ras-
abrade [ E5breid ]v.磨损, 摩擦, 折磨
abrading agent 磨料 研磨剂
abrader n.磨石, 研磨器
abrase [ E5breiz ]v.(=abrade)磨损, 擦去
abraser n.(=abrader)磨石, 研磨器
abrasion [ E5breiVEn ]n.磨损
abrasive [ E5breisiv ]n.研磨剂adj.研磨的
erase [ i5reiz ]vt.抹去, 擦掉, 消磁, <俚>杀死
eraser [ i5reizE ]n.擦除器, 尤指墨水消除剂, 橡皮
erasion [ i5reiVEn ]n.擦抹, 消除
erasure [ i5reiVE ]n.擦除, 抹掉, 擦除(或删去)的字.记号等
raze [ reiz ]v.夷为平地
raze to the ground夷为平地
razor [ 5reizE ]n.剃刀vt.剃
razorstrop [`reIzEstrCp]n.磨剃刀皮带
-cis-, -cid-
concise [ kEn5sais ]adj.简明的, 简练的
concise dictionary简明字典
concision [ kEn5siVEn ]n.切割, 分离, 简洁
decide [ di5said ]v.决定, 判决
decision [ di5siVEn ]n.决定, 决心, 决议, 结果, 果断, 坚定
decisive [ di5saisiv ]adj.决定性的
excise [ ek5saiz ]n.消费税, 货物税, 国产税vt.收税, 切除
exciseman [`eksaIzmAn,ek`s-]n.收税官
excision [ ek5siVEn ]n.切除, 删除, [医]切除(术), [宗]逐出教会
incise [ in5saiz ]vt.切割, 雕刻
incised [ in5saizd ]adj.雕刻的, 切入的,雕刻的,有锯齿状边缘的
incision [ in5siVEn ]n.切割, 切开, 切口
incisive [ in5saisiv ]adj.深刻的, 尖锐的, 激烈的
incisor [ in5saizE ]n.门牙
precise [ pri5sais ]adj.精确的, 准确的n.精确
at that precise moment 恰恰在那个时刻precise manners 彬彬有礼
precision [ pri5siVEn ]n.精确, 精密度, 精度
suicide [ 5sjuisaid ]n.自杀, 自毁, 给自己带来伤害或损失的行为
suicide squad敢死队
homicide [ 5hCmisaid ]n.杀人, 杀人者
insecticide [ in5sektisaid ]n.杀虫剂
pesticide [ 5pestisaid ]n.杀虫剂
rodenticide [ rEu5denti7said ]n.灭鼠剂
herbicide [ 5hE:bisaid ]n.除草剂
weedicide [ 5wi:di7said ]n.除草剂

Exercises:
Match
I) 1) effervescent a) any small creature like bug, spider
2) entail b) great warmth of emotion; ardor; zeal
3) insect c) make necessary ;involve
4) fervor d) happy, lively and excited
5) detail e) describe sth fully

II) 1) sector a) divided by going across it section
2) bisect b) a group of people; companionship; society; firm
3) intersect c) part of a circle; part of the district
4) company d) walk or travel with somebody
5) accompany e) divided into two parts

III) 1) develop a) sell goods in small quantities directly to the consumer
2) envelop b) make more mature; proceed; grow
3) fervent c) larder; a place for restoring food
4) retail d) cover or surround sth. /sb.
5) pantry e) enthusiastic; hot
6) concoct f) to make something by mixing or combining parts
Recall the meanings
words meaning
lavish giving or producing generously or in large quantity
dilute make a liquid thinner or weaker in force
concise giving a lot of information in a few words
excise remove by or as if by ; cutting a part of the body or a passage
incise make a cut in a surface ;carve design into ;engrave
incisive dear and precise ;direct or sharp

Yes or No
1. We should give lavish care on the disabled person Yes No
2. The wine is a kind of drink which is made from alcohol by diluting it. Yes No
3. A concise expression uses many words. Yes No
4. The form of the diamond is nature, not be incised by human. Yes No
5. Suicide is an act killing others. Yes No
Spell it out:

YES or NO
1 Is the cat always effervescent? Yes No
2. For breads, do you buy retail? Yes No
3. A fly is an insect. Yes No
4. There is a stock section in the Dahe News. Yes No
5. Centipede is generally bisected. Yes No
6. In a crossroad, the roads intersect each other Yes No
7. Cocktail is a kind of concocted drink Yes No
8. The purpose to launder a cloth is only to make it clean. Yes No
9. I sat aside him, so I can saw his profile. Yes No
10. To clean the blackboard means to abrade the writings. Yes No

Word Bank:
wash clean cleanse wipe brush scrub scour raise tide dust

launder iron shine press polish do out

cleaner cleanser iron brush hairbrush comb sponge

dirt filth muck spot mark stain pollution mess chaos

Cooking words:
To dine:
eat feed drink imbibe drain bottom up take have peck dine
;
suck sip lick lap up

to nibble bite chew gnaw swallow wolf gorge

consume digest assimilate absorb

feeding 供养 to feed供养 to nourish养育 to maintain赡养 subsistence衣食
nutrition 食物 to eat 吃 to drink 喝
to peck 细嚼

appetite 胃口 hunger 饥饿 thirst 口渴
to be hungry 饿 to be thirsty 渴 gluttony 暴食 greed
贪嘴 overfeeding 吃得过多,过量食物 fasting 禁食
Meals
food grub diet staple roughage beverage drink potion

meal snack feast banquet buffet picnic barbecue

breakfast brunch lunch refreshments afternoon tea下午茶(4-5点钟)high tea午茶,茶点(下午黄昏时) dinner supper

portion helping serving

dish course cold meats 冷盘 (美作:cold cuts)

soup 汤 hors d'oeuvre(正餐前的)开胃食品 entrée正菜 main course主菜 sweet, dessert点心,甜食

Restaurants
tablecloth 桌布 napkin, serviette 餐巾

cutlery 餐具 fork 叉 spoon 匙 teaspoon 茶匙 ladle 长柄勺 knife 刀

dishes, crockery, receptacle container 器皿
dish, plate 碟,盘 soup dish, soup plate 汤盘 (serving) dish 大盘子 (美作:platter) soup tureen 盛汤盖碗 salad bowl 色拉盘 fruit dish 水果盘 fruit bowl 水果钵 sauce boat, gravy boat 调味汁瓶,酱油壶 glass 玻璃杯 bottle 瓶子 carafe, decanter 玻璃水瓶 cup 杯子 saucer 小碟 sugar bowl 糖罐 glass service, glassware 玻璃器皿 tea service, tea set 茶具 teapot 茶壶 coffee service, coffee set 咖啡具 coffeepot 咖啡壶 salt shaker 盐瓶 cruet 调味瓶架 tray 托盘

eating house 饮食店 canteen (机关单位和军队里的)食堂 dining hall 大餐厅,食堂 refectory (学校里的)餐厅 waiter 服务员
service 服务 headwaiter, maitre d'hotel 餐厅领班 bill of fare, menu 菜单,菜谱 winelist 酒单 table 餐桌 to lay the table, to set the table 摆桌子 to wait at table 侍候用餐 to clear the table 收拾桌子,撤桌子

To cook
pot oven stove fireplace pan boiler hollowware

油炸, 油煎fry 炒stir fry 煎dry fry 炸deep fry

boil instant boil stew decoct braise simmer poach scramble steam brew sift drain

bake roast broil grill baste barbecue

shell peel

shred dice slice club cut chop mince mash whip knead

磨碎grate toss sift drain

One often uses a more specific verb instead of cook when one is talking about preparing food using heat. For example, you roast meat in an oven, but you bake bread and cakes, you can boil vegetables in hot water, You can steam them over a pan of boiling water. You can fry meat and vegetables in oil or fat. You can also grill them directly under a flame. In American English, broil is used instead of grill. You do not normally talk about grilling bread. Instead, you roast it and drink a toast.

调味品flavouring; spices; seasoning; dressing
酱油soy sauce 醋vinegar 盐salt 淀粉corn starch
大葱green onion 生姜ginger 大蒜garlic 芥末mustard
胡椒, 辣椒pepper 咖喱curry 花椒Chinese prickly ash’ wild pepper
丁香clove
味精monosodium glutamate; gourmet powder

豆瓣酱bean paste; thick broad-bean sauce 番茄ketchup果酱jam, preserves
蜜饯compote 柑橘酱; (甜)果酱marmalade

salt 盐 vinegar 醋 sauce 酱油 oil 油 salad oil 色拉油

食油cooking oil 植物油 vegetable oil 色拉油salad oil 奶油butter
Flavour, taste, savour
芳香, 香气, 香味aroma; fragrance.
酸sour 甜sweet 苦bitter 辣hot 脆crisp 嫩tender 老tough

Foods
粥 gruel; porridge; congee 小米粥 millet gruel; millet poridge; millet congee
玉米粥mush; samp;maize gruel

米饭 rice 面条noodles, pasta 方便面instant noodles 通心粉macaroni
馒头 steamed bread 花卷 twist; steamed roll 烙饼flap jack

包子steamed stuffed bun 肉包meat bun 饺子dumpling 馄饨wonton

油饼deep-fried dough cake 油条twist cruller; deep fried twisted dough sticks
春卷spring roll 元宵glutinous rice; flour dumplings; rice ball; sesame rice ball

粽子 flavoured steamed rice wrapped in bamboo leaves

豆浆 soybean milk 豆腐脑 jellied bean curd

香肠 sausage松花蛋preserved egg

糖醋里脊sweet and sour pork 麻婆豆腐 spicy bean curd in meat sauce
清蒸鲤鱼 steamed carp 鱼香肉丝 shredded pork with garlic sauce
炒鸡丁fried chicken cubes

涮羊肉instant-boiled mutton 烤羊肉串 shish kebab

bread 面包 slice of bread 面包片 crust 面包皮 crumb 面包心
pastry 糕点 sponge cake 奶油鸡蛋,蜂糕 tart 果焰糕点 biscuits (英)饼干,(美)小面包 sandwich 三明治,夹肉面包

chips 炸薯条,炸土豆片 (美作:French fries) mashed potatoes 马铃薯泥

milk 奶 cheese 奶酪 butter 奶油

egg 蛋boiled eggs, soft-boiled eggs 水煮蛋 hard-boiled eggs 煮硬了的蛋 fried eggs 煎蛋 poached eggs 荷包蛋 scrambled eggs 炒鸡蛋,摊鸡蛋 omelet 煎蛋卷

ice cream 冰激凌
Ingredients
meats
beef 牛肉 veal 小牛肉 lamb 羊肉 sirloin 牛脊肉 steak 牛排 chop 连骨肉,排骨 cutlet 肉条 stew 炖肉 roast 烤肉

pork 猪肉 ham 火腿 bacon 咸肉 sausage 香肠 black pudding, blood sausage 血肠

chicken 鸡 turkey 火鸡 duck 鸭 fish 鱼

consomme 肉煮的清汤 broth 肉汤

Fruit 水果
apple 苹果 pear 梨 apricot 杏 peach 桃 grape 葡萄 banana 香蕉 pineapple 菠萝 plum 李子 watermelon 西瓜 orange 橙 lemon 柠檬 mango 芒果 strawberry 草莓 medlar 枇杷,欧查果 mulberry 桑椹 nectarine 油桃 cherry 樱桃 pomegranate 石榴 fig 无花果 tangerine 柑子 persimmon 柿子 walnut 胡桃 hazelnut 榛子 peanut 花生 date 枣 chestnut 粟 currant 醋粟 coconut, cocoanut 可可 bilberry 越桔 blackberry, blueberry 黑莓 avocado 鳄梨 black currant 红醋栗 blood orange 红橙 citron, grapefruit 香橼 damson 大马士革李 almond 巴旦杏 nutmeg 肉豆蔻 papaya, papaw 番木瓜 guava 番石榴 pistachio 阿月浑子 prickly pear 仙人掌果 raspberry 覆盆子 soursop 刺果番荔枝

Vegetable
tomato 番茄,西红柿 asparagus 芦笋 cucumber黄瓜 aubergine, eggplant 茄子 bean 菜豆 beet, beetroot 甜菜pimiento 甜椒 potato马铃薯 carrot胡萝卜cauliflower菜花,花椰菜 pumpkin 西葫芦broad bean 蚕豆 cabbage 圆白菜,卷心菜 chilli 辣椒 garlic 蒜 chive 葱 fennel 茴香 cos lettuce 莴苣 marrow 嫩葫芦 melon 香瓜,甜瓜 mushroom, celery 芹菜 onion 韭 leek 韭菜 radish 萝卜 tarragon 狭叶青蒿mushroom 蘑菇 artichoke 洋蓟 broccoli, brocoli 硬花甘蓝 Brussels sprouts 芽甘蓝 caper 刺山柑,老鼠瓜 cardoon 刺菜蓟 chervil 雪维菜,细叶芹 chick-pea 鹰嘴豆 chicory 苣荬菜 cress 水田芥 cumin, cummin 孜然芹,枯茗 dandelion 蒲公英 French bean 法国菜豆 gherkin 嫩黄瓜 horseradish 辣根 Jerusalem artichoke 洋姜,鬼子姜 kale 无头甘蓝 kohlrabi 甘蓝 laurel 月桂 lentil 兵豆 lettuce 莴苣 lupin 羽扇豆 (美作:lupine) parsley 欧芹 parsnip 欧防风 pea 豌豆 rhubarb 大黄 salsify 婆罗门参 sorrel 掌叶大黄 truffle 块菌 turnip 芜菁 watercress 豆瓣菜 dried legumes 干菜

Drinks and beverages 饮料
mineral water 矿泉水 orange juice 桔子原汁 orangeade, orange squash 桔子水 lemon juice 柠檬原汁 lemonade 柠檬水 beer 啤酒 white wine 白葡萄酒 red wine 红葡萄酒 claret 波尔多红葡萄酒 cider 苹果酒 champagne 香槟酒 cocktail 鸡尾酒 liqueur 白酒,烧酒 shaohsing wine 绍兴酒 yellow wine 黄酒 Kaoliang spirit 高粱酒 Wu Chia Pee 五加皮 vodka 伏特加 whisky 威士忌 brandy