阅读理解_高级职称.doc

• 79• ERI
Passage 1睡眠 sleep
1. What is the passage mainly about?
Sleep and the activity of a man's mind during his sleep.
2. According to zoologists, primitive forms of animal life_ ___
might not sleep
3. What does the write try to show in the second paragraph?
The amount of sleep human beings need varies with different people.
4. What is true about Europeans when talking about sleep?
They sleep more than the Japanese.
5. When a man is asleep, what is subconscious mind probably doing?
It may still be working.
Passage 2能源危机energy shortage
1. What is the passage mainly concerned with?
It is concerned with the world's problems like energy, population and food supply in the near future.
2. What is the present situation of the world's population?
The world's population keeps increasing fast.
3. Why does the write mention " supermarkets" in the passage?
To demonstrate the tightening relation between food supply and population increase.
4. What will happen if the U. S. Has to export foods by 2001?
The food supply will be more serious and tighter for its own people.
5. Why must people eat more "unnatural food" in the future?
Because the great demand for better food cannot be supplied.
Passage 3 电视 television
1. What are the advantages of television mentioned by the writer?
It is an inexpensive form of entertainment, amuses people in the comfort of their own homes, keeps people well informed about current events and is a great comfort to many lonely old people.
2. What does the writer imply in the second paragraph?
Television is both useful for the same reason.
3. What is the harm of television mentioned in the second and the third paragraph?
Television dominates people's lives so greatly that people do nothing without their efforts.
4. What did he and his family realize when the television set of the writer's friend broke down?
They realized that they had much to do without the television.
5. What does the writer think of television on the whole?
It is neither good nor bad in itself, but has great value to the society.
Passage 4 语言环境
1. What is homestay program?
Living with the teacher to learn English better.
2. If a person takes the homestay program, he will:
Learn English better.
3. What does the author suggest?
If students want to learn English better they should take homestay programs
4. In order to make sure of the quality of the programs, they must:
Be inspected.
5. What is the main idea of the passage?
How to learn English better.
Passage 5 计算机文化
1. What does " computer literate" mean?
Knowing how to use a computer.
2. What should be done for educators in computer education?
Teaching computer use to students.
3. What does the passage mainly deal with?
The Importance of Teaching Computer Use.
4. By the year of 2000, much fewer people will:
Become computer illiterate.
5. What does the last sentence of this passage imply?
Teaching of computer use is the most important.
Passage 6 工业污染
1. Why don't developing countries have strict pollution controls?
If the put stricter controls on industry, fewer companies would build new plants in their countries.
2. What is the author's purpose in mentioning Cubatao?
To show that industrial growth can cause pollution problems for developing countries.
3. How is the health of the population of Cubatao?
More people suffer from lung diseases because of poisonous substances.
4. Why do some foreign companies like to set up their plant in Brazil?
They will not be severely punished if they cause pollution in Brazil.
5. How to reduce the pollution in Brazil?
Laws should be strictly enforced and the government should put strong controls on the industries which cause pollution.
Passage 7 食物状况
1. Why is there "widespread uneasiness and confusion" about the food situation in Britain?
Food prices keep rising despite the abundance.
2. What is the main reason for the rise in food prices?
The main reason is that the government is providing less support for agriculture.
3. Why didn't different government expansion program work very well?
Because the farmers were uncertain about the benefits of expanding production
4. The decrease in world food prices was a result of:
the over-production on the part of the main food-exporting countries
5. What did the future look like for Britain's food production at the time this article was written?
It looks depressing despite government guarantees.
Passage 8 能源
1. What is this passage mainly about?
The sun's energy is unlimited and free for taking.
2. What will replace fossil fuels in the future?
Solar energy.
3. What problem may arise when solar energy is used to heat the house?
During night time and rainy spells, the sun is not available.
4. How can solar energy be stored for continuous use?
Use storage tanks to hold energy.
5. What can be expected of our life in the future if the sun's energy is widely used?
There will be a lot of great changes.
Passage 9 橡胶
1. When and by whom was natural rubber made use of for the first time?
It was made use of for the first time in the early part of the eighteen hundreds by Americans.
2. What are the properties of the rubber we use today?
It was not sticky, but soft and elastic, though very strong---even in the warmest summer and the coldest winter.
3. What was the first discovery made by Goodyear?
The first discovery made by Goodyear was that nitric acid made the rubber much better.
4. How did things go with Goodyear in the four years before he at last found the way to vulcanize rubber completely?
In the last four years of his work things went very badly with him. Everything of the smallest value was used to get money, even his children's school-books.
5. Does every discovery or invention have a story like Goodyear's?
Yes, almost every discovery or invention has some sort of story behind it, though they are not all quite such unhappy stories.
Passage 10 压力
1. Why do many people find it hard to relax recently?
They are suffering from the effects of stress.
2. Why do people under stress often have problems with their digestion?
Their stomach muscles are too tense.
3. Stress can lead to ill health if:
you are exposed to it for too long.
4. What is the writer's attitude to stress?
It produces both positive and negative effects.
5. How do you understand the expression " flight or fight?
It may refer to the situation in which you may avoid and escape from it or you may face up with it and fight against it
Passage 11 英国年轻人
1. What conditions are new blocks of council flats in?
They are in bad state of repair.
2. What does the number of homeless people listed show?
It shows a small proportion of the people without a home.
3. What do young people these days often do in order to have a place to live in?
They often rent a room or share a house with a group of young people.
4. If one has a mortgage, what does the company he borrowed money from do to him?
It owns his house.
5. Why does the author think homelessness is an increasingly serious problem all over Britain?
The author thinks homelessness is an increasingly serious problem all over Britain because it affects all kinds of people, old and young, single or coupled.
Passage 12 生物周期
1. What may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?
It is unawareness of energy cycle that may lead to family quarrels.
2. If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, what should he do then?
One should get up earlier than usual if he wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning.
3. Why are you advised to rise with a yawn and stretch?
Because it will help to keep your energy for the day's work.
4. What's the main idea of the second paragraph?
The main idea of the second paragraph is that habit can help you make your life fit your energy cycle better.
5. What is one's "sharp hour"?
One's "sharp hour" is one's temperature-and-energy peak.
Passage 13 货币
1. What do we think of money is made of nowadays?
The money nowadays is made of either metal or paper.
2. Where does barter usually take the place of money transactions?
Barter usually takes the place of money transactions where the people's trading needs are fairly simple.
3. When are primitive types of money sometimes used nowadays?
Primitive types of money are used on occasions like wedding ceremonies and funerals.
1. What are the chief qualities of money summed up by Aristotle?
The chief qualities of money summed up by Aristotle are lasting, distinct, divisible and portable.
2. What has happened to the primitive money nowadays?
It has been nearly all replaced by coins and notes.
Passage 14 汞
1. When did the expression 'mad as a hatter" arese?
The expression "mad as a hatter" arose when the workers felt sick in manufacturing fur hats a century ago.
2. When is mercury poisonous?
It is poisonous when the basic metal forms various compounds.
3. What harmful effects can mercury compounds bring about?
Mercury compounds can bring about blindness, brain damage, tremors and birth defects.
4. What is the main idea of the third paragraph?
The main idea of the third paragraph is that mercury is used widely in industries.
5. What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph?
The main idea of the fourth paragraph is that the safety of people should be concerned right now.
Passage 15 股份制公司
1. What must almost all companies involved in new production and development depend on according to the passage?
They must depend on the population as a whole for finance.
2. How is the money which enables these companies to go ahead with their projects raised?
It is raised by the selling of shares in the companies.
3. What do the savers do when they want their money back?
They put their shares in the company back on the market.
4. In what conditions are all the essential services on which we depend?
They are in constant need of financial support.
5. Why do companies invite people to lend money to them or take a share in the business?
Because banks are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long term projects.
Passage 16 噪音
1. What is the purpose of the passage?
The purpose of the passage is to define the effects of noise on human behavior.
2. What jobs can bring noise problems?
Jobs such as working in factories and around jet aircraft, driving farm tractors, and working in music halls where rock bands are playing can bring noise problems.
3. Why is it difficult to carry on a conversation in the rear of a jet transport at first?
Because it is very noisy there.
4. Where are there generally more problems of noise?
There are generally more problems of noise in large cities.
5. What is noise pollution?
Noise pollution is the harmful influence of noise on human behavior.
Passage 17 交易所（c综合试卷一）
1. What is the passage mainly about?
The passage is mainly about commodity and security exchanges.
2. Why do people meet at the commodity exchange?
People meet at the commodity exchange to buy and sell products.
3. What are commodity exchanges called?
The commodity exchanges are called the trading posts where products may be bought or sold.
4. What happened to the stock market in 1929?
A sudden, sharp decline in the value of securities happened to the stock market.
5. What might be the case of the Crash of 1929?
The crash of 1929 might result from wild and unwise speculation and dishonest practices.
6. Why was not it so safe to invest in exchanges in the past?
Because there were no regulations.
7. What do you learn from the last paragraph?
Investing through security exchanges and trading on commodity exchanges have been made
safer by regulations.
Passage 18
1. What is the main idea of the passage?
The main idea of this passage is about computer crimes.
2. Why are transactions in many banks claimed to be safe?
Transactions in many banks are claimed to be safe because they are untouched by human hands.
3. How did the bank teller cover up his crime?
The bank teller covered up his crime by claiming a compter error or moving money from one account to another.
4. Why is it hard to punish computer criminals?
It is hard to punish computer criminals because there ew no witnesses and often no evidence.
5. What must the librarian do thirty days after she receinved the notice?
She must leave her job / quit her work.
6. What did she do during her thirty days notice?
She erased all the company’s computerized records.
7. According to the last paragraph, what kind of criminal are the police unable to catch?
Computer experts.
8. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the computer use in the businesses mentioned here?
The advantages are that computers are fast, flexible, honest and do not make mistakes when they replace paperwork. The disadvantages are that computers have no conscience, they can be used to steal money from by many computer criminals. It is hard to punish the criminals because there are no witnesses and no evidence.
Passage 19
1. What are the two things that the agricultural revolution in the nineteenth century involved?
They are the invention of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture.
2. In the United States, the great advances in nineteenth-century agricultural machinery first came because:
Land was abundant and labor was scarce.
3. At the opening of the nineteenth century, the agricultural tools were so simple that:
Fermers could have carried practically all the agriculture implements on their backs except the crude plow.
4. Why weren’t the farmers interested in cast-iron plow?
The farmers weren’t interested in cast-iron plow because they were afraid that the iron would poison the soil and make weeds grow.
5. What was invented in 1898?
The chilled-steel plow.
6. What does the phrase “ make the most of…” in the first paragraph mean?
It meams “ make full use of their land their labor”.
7. What was the most important of the early inventions?
The iron plow was the most important of the early inventions.
Passage 20
1. Why have people become more interested in natural foods?
People have become more interested in natyral foods because they no longer like processed foods.
2. What does soil that is rich in organic matter contain?
It contains unused vegetable matter which provides soil with essential vitamins and minerals.
3. What can we get from natural foods?
We can get more vitamins and minerals from natural foods.
4. According to the author, what is harmful to the health?
The use of chemical and fertilizers is harmful to the health.
5. Why cannot battery chickens be called “ natural food” ?
Battery chickens can’t be called “ natural food” because they all live together and are fed on food.
6. What do you learn from paragraph 4?
Sugar is a non-essential food. Eating muc