八年级英语Unit-5：Feeling-Happy-Topic-2：I-feel-better-now.-Section-A-and-B湘教版知识精讲.doc

八年级英语Unit 5：Feeling Happy Topic 2：I feel better now. Section A and B湘教版

【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
Unit 5：Feeling Happy Topic 2：I feel better now. Section A and B

二. 重点、难点：
单词：badly 差，拙劣地 exam = examination考试，检查
shy羞怯的，腼腆的 strict 严格的
e-card电子贺卡 especially 尤其，特别
stranger外地人，陌生人 accept 接受
advice 建议，意见
词组：be strict with 对……严格要求 be used to 习惯于
句型：
1. Anything wrong?=Is there anything wrong?
2. What seems to be the problem?
3. …she has no friends to talk with.
4. I am worried about her./be pleased with be afraid of be nervous about be satisfied with be strict with sb. be strict about sth.
5. …but I don’t know how to get other students to talk with me.
get/ask/tell/sb. to do sth. let/make/have sb. do sth.
6. Everyone gets these feelings at your age. at one’s age at the age of …

7. There, there!
8. How time flies!=How quickly time flies!
9. But I am not used to everything here. get/be used to sth. get /be used to doing sth.
10. Then, the food is not as delicious as our Sichuan food, either.
语法：原因状语从句和同级比较状语从句

三. 具体内容：
原因状语从句
比较：because, since, as和for
1）because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。
I didn’t go, because I was afraid.
Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.
2）由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。
He is absent today, because / for he is ill.
He must be ill, for he is absent today.
要点：由连词because, since, as引导, 也可由for, now that 等词引导
1. I didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill.
我昨天没去上学，因为我生病了。
2. Since everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting.
既然大家都来了，让我们开始开会吧。
3. As you are in poor health, you should not stay up late.
既然你身体不好，你就不该熬夜。
4. I asked her to stay to tea, for I had something to tell her.
我请她留下来喝茶，因为我有事要告诉她。
难点——because , since , as , for,辨析
在语气上，because 最重，表示的是直接理由，回答why 时只能用它。其次是since，as，一般不表示原因，而是表明理由，进一步说明。(译为：由于，既然)。for被认为是复合句的并列连词(常用于推断)，表示理由。
英语中引导原因状语从句的连词或连词词组有because, since, as, now that等，许多学生对它们之间的细微差别缺乏了解，因此在这些连词的选择运用上感到困惑。这里，我们将这几个词的意义及用法做一下比较，希望能对大家有所帮助。
1. because “因为，由于”，在引导原因状语从句的连词中，because的语气是最强的，其引导的从句一般放在句末，也可放在句首，表示主句谓语动词的直接原因，常用来回答以why开头的疑问句。如：
Because it was getting dark, we hurried.因为天色暗下来了，所以我们匆匆赶路
The boy was absent because he was ill.那个男孩因病缺席。
——Why can’t you go there now?你现在为什么不能去那里？
——Because I’m too busy.因为我太忙了。
2. as “因为，由于”，如果原因很明显或估计对方是知道的，从句用as引导时较多，如As I have not read the book, I cannot tell you anything about it.由于我没有读过这本书，所以无法告诉你有关它的事情。
She stayed at home as she had no car.她因没有汽车而留在家里。
有时有“既然”的意思，如：
As you are sorry, I’ll forgive you.既然你已感到抱歉，那我就原谅你吧。
3. since“因为，既然”，它引导的从句通常放在句首，常表示已为人们所知的原因或理由。如：
Since it is late, I shall go home now.
由于时间晚了，我现在要回家了。
Since you are so sure of it , he’ll believe you.
既然你对此这么有把握，他会相信你的
4. for “因为，由于……的缘故”，较because正式，很少用于口语中，但语气比because弱，它并不告诉我们为什么做了某个动作，而仅仅是提供一点有助于解释该动作的附加信息，因此不用以回答why问题，在用法上较之because从句也有更多的限制。
（1）for引导的原因状语从句不能放在主句之前，如：
Something fell in, for I heard a splash.有什么东西掉进去了，因为我听见扑通一声。不能说：For I heard splash(发出溅泼[拍激]声), something fell in .
（2）for引导的原因状语从句之前不能加not, but或其他任何连接词，如下面的句子就不能用for，而只能用because：
He stole, not because he wanted the money but because he liked stealing.
他偷东西，不是因为他需要钱，而是因为他喜欢偷。
（3）此外，for引导的原因状语从句不能仅仅重复已经陈述过的内容，而总要包含新的信息，如：
She was angry ,for she didn’t know French.
她很生气，因为她不懂法语。
但下面这句话，就不能用for：

He spoke in French. She was angry because he had spoken in French.
他说法语，她很生气，因为他说法语。
5. now that “既然”，“由于”，与since表示的意思相似，与since不同的是，now that有“时间”含义，只用于有新情况发生的时候。如：
Now that the rain has stopped, let’s go at once.
既然雨已停了，我们就回家吧。
Now that they are all gone, you can tell me the secret.
既然他们都已走了，你可以告诉我这个秘密了。
而下面这句话就只能用since，不能用now that：
Since no one has read the book, we can’t discuss it.
既然没人读过这本书，我们就不能对它进行讨论。
6. seeing(that) 和considering(that)“鉴于”“由于”“因为”“考虑到……”“就……来说”，有“条件”含义。如：
Seeing that it is 8 o’clock ,we’ll wait no longer.
由于时间已到8点，我们将不再等了。
Considering he was new at the job, he did quite well.
考虑到他是个新手，他已干得很不错了。
7. in that “既然”“因为”，多用于书面语中。如：
I prefer John’s plan to yours , in that it is more feasible（可实行的）and easier to be carried out.与你的计划相比，我更喜欢约翰的，因为他的计划更可行，也更容易执行。

比较状语从句
要点：比较状语从句主要运用于形容词和副词的原级，比较级及最高级的句子之中。
原级
1. as…as 和……一样
Jack is as tall as Bob.捷克和汤姆一样高。
2. not so(as)…as和……不一样
She is not so(as)outgoing as her sister.她不如她姐姐外向。
比较级
more…than (更)
This book is more instructive than that one.这本书比那本书有教育意义。
最高级
1.The most…in/of
This book is the most interesting of the three.这本书是三本中最有趣的。
2. the + 形容词+est…of/in
This road is the busiest street in our city. 这条路是我们城市最繁忙的街道。
知识扩展
no more than只不过(嫌少的意思)
I have no more than two pens.我只有两支笔。
It’s no more than a mile to the shops.去商店不过一英里。
not more than不如……；前者不如后者)
Jack is not more diligent than John.捷克不如约翰勤奋。
one of the + 名词(复数)……之一(用于最高级)
Han Mei is one of the best students in our school.
韩梅是我们学校最好的学生之一。

【典型例题】
主语+谓语+宾语：其中的谓语动词须是及物的动词或及物的动词词组。宾语须是名词或相当于名词的成分。
例：翻译练习：
昨晚我写了一封信。 I wrote a letter last night.
今天下午我想同你谈谈。I want to talk with you this afternoon.
这本书他读过多次了。He has read this book many times.
他们成功地完成了计划。They have carried out the plan successfully.
你们必须在两周内看完这些书。You must finish reading these books in two weeks.
那位先生能流利地说三种语言。That gentleman can speak three languages fluently.
我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。 I received a letter from my penfriend in Australia.
Jim 还不会自己穿衣服。Jim cannot dress himself.
我们大家都相信Jack 是一个诚实的男孩。All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy.
他不知道说什么好。He did not know what to say.
他每天早晨洗冷水澡。He takes a cold bath every morning.
我开窗户你在意吗 Do you mind my opening the window?

例：经典单项填空：
1. If you have a problem _____ your composition, you had better ask your teacher ______.
A. in; on some advice B. for; for some advices
C. on; some advice D. with; for some advice
2. There _____ a lot of coal mines（矿，矿山）in the south, but many of them have been closed or are _____ be closed.
A. use to having; about to B. used to be; to
C. use to having; going to D. used to be; supposed to
3. The weather in Britain is __too cold in winter _too hot in summer.
A. either; or B. both; and
C. neither; nor D. or; and
4. Forgive（原谅）him, please. I don’t think he broke your mirror____.
A. with care B. on purpose（目的）
C. for fun D. with aim
5. He advised the farmers to choose the best seed-heads,___ that had the best color.
A. the one B. the ones C. one D. ones
Keys：1-5 D B C B B
6. Although he is considered a great writer, _____.
A. his works is not widely read
B. but his works are not widely read
C. however his works are not widely read
D. yet his works are not widely read
7. —_____ of the population of the city _____workers?
—About 60 percent.
A. What; is B. What; are
C. How much; is D. How much; are
8. I was advised to arrange for insurance（安全保障）________ I needed medical treatment.
A. although B. in case C. so that D. if only
9. —What can I do for you？
—Well，I’m afraid the box is heavy for you，but thank you all the same．
A. so B. much C. very D. too
10. —Peter is very clever and he studies hard as well．
—No ______be always wins first in the examinations.
A. doubt B. question C. wonder D. problem
Keys：6—10 D D B D C No wonder! 难怪，并不奇怪!

【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）
1. After he gave a report about the school, Mr. White___ the visitors around it.
A. went on to show B. went on showing
C. went on with showing D. kept on showing
2. —Tom works hard at English.
—_____, and _____.

A. So does he; so you do B. So you do; so is he
C. So he will; so do you D. So he does; so do you
3. When you write to him, please _____ him.
A. give my loves to B. give my regard to
C. remember me to D. give my wishes for
4. We have done things we ought not to have done and_____ undone things we ought to have done.
A. left B. leave C. will leave D. leaving
5. People are puzzled _____ they read the book.
A. the first time B. at the first time
C. for the first time D. at first
6. In some countries,____ are called “public schools” are not owned by the state.
A. that B. which C. as D. what
7. —The boy is tall enough _____ his age.
—Yes, I was much _____ when I was his age.
A. to; shorter B. at; taller
C. at; shorter D. for; shorter
8. —Who are you waiting for?
—_____ the man wounded in the left leg.
A. The doctor will operate on
B. Tie nurse to be looked after
C. The doctor to operate on
D. His brother got
9. —How did you _____ the movie last night?
—Oh, both interesting and instructive.
A. find B. consider C. think D. feel
10. With his son _____, the old man felt unhappy.
A. to disappoint B. to be disappointed
C. disappointing D. being disappointed
11. The food tastes _____ and sells _____.
A. well; well B. good; good
C. good; well D. well; good
12. The sun was shining brightly,______________ everything there ______________ more beautiful.
A. making; look B. to make; looked
C. and made; looking D. and making; be looked
13. It’ s too late to go out now. _____, it’s starting to rain.
A. Besides B. Meanwhile C. However D. Anyhow
14. Everybody in the little town knew my first teacher, so we had no _____ finding his home.
A. difficulties in B. difficulty with
C. difficulty D. difficulty to
15. I can’t understand it, will you please _____ once more?
A. explain that word B. repeat that word
C. explain us that word D. explain that word for us
16. —How often do you go to the library?—______.
A. In two days B. Every few days
C. Each third day D. Every a few days
17. We are just _____ calling you up _____ you come in.
A. about; when B. on the point of; while
C. on the point of; when D. on the point of; as
18. —They all agree _____ George. Has the project been passed?
—Who _____ George can make the final decision?
A. except; expect B. except; besides
C. but; but D. besides; but
19. I come to tell you Jack _____ for London next month.
A. is leaving B. is about to leave
C. will leave D. would leave
20. You can say “He went there _____, not _____.”
A. on the car; by car B. on foot; in his car
C. by foot; by car D. in his car; by his foot
21. Jack is a good friend __, he often comes to our home for a visit.
A. of my father B. of my father’s
C. for my father D. with my father
22. What way are you thinking of _____ rid of the flies?
A. to get B. getting C. being got D. to be getting
23. We must do something to ____ factories _____waste water into the river before it is cleaned.
A. stop; pouring. B. prevent; to pour
C. keep; pouring D. stop; to pour
24. “____ of them are not here.” means “_____ of them are not here.”
A. All; Some B. Both; Every
C. Both; Neither D. All; Both
25. —How did you do in the test?
—Not so well. I______________ much better but I misread the directions for Part D.
A. could do B. could have done
C. must have done D. should do
26. Mary cares about clothes too much, and she _____ too much money _____ clothes.
A. spend; in B. cost; at
C. pays; to D. spends; on
27. Our kind teacher wanted to teach us _____ he knew at this lesson.
A. that B. all what C. that all D. everything which
28. They started early that morning in order that they______________ there before noon.
A. would get B. got C. must get D. might get
29. Is this research center ___ the foreign guests visited last week?
A. that B. which C. where D. the one
30. —What is the model plane look like?
—Well, the wings of the plane are _____ of its body.
A. more than the length twice B. twice more than the length
C. more than twice the length D. more twice than the length
31. The enemy troop suddenly took the small village by surprise __ a rainy morning.
A. on B. at C. in D. during
32. This is the school _____ they visited last year and is the one ____ my father once worked.
A. that; where B. where; that
C. where; where D. that; that
33. The college entrance examination is coming, the students are ______________ it.
A preparing B. prepared for
C. prepared D. preparing for
34. The task was very hard, so _____ were needed.
A. ten more men B. ten men more
C. more ten men D. men more ten
35. He wanted to read more, so he asked his friend if there was ______________ to read.
A. something easy enough B. something enough easy
C. enough easy something D. easy enough something
36. The room is very large and only little room ___ by the new piano.
A. are taken up B. takes up
C. is taken up D. is taking up
37. What _____ time it is to listen to a speech having nothing to do with you!
A. waste B. wastes C. a waste of D. a waste for
38. _____ your help, we have _____.
A. Thanks to, finished B. Thanks to, ended
C. Thanks for, finished D. Thanks for, completed
39. When and where to build the new factory _____ yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided
40. It is necessary ___ me ___my studies before a new term.
A. for, to make a plan for B. of, making a plan for
C. for, to make a plan of D. of, making a plan of
41. He _____ the club and _____ its activities.
A. took part in; joined B. joined; took part in
C. joined; took a part in D. took part in; took part in
42. The noble man prefers ___money to him ___sorry to him.
A. giving; to saying B. giving; to say
C. give; to say D. to give; to saying
43. To gain honor for our country, we will try our best____ the game.
A. competing in B. competing against
C. to compete with D. to compete in
44. Tom was so angry with Bob that he hit _____.
A. Bob in the head