中国的发展和世界的关系.doc

中国的发展正在成为世界经济发展新的推动力量

在经济全球化趋势深入发展的条件下，中国及亚洲的发展正在成为世界经济发展新的推动力量，世界经济发展也将给中国及亚洲发展带来新的重要机遇。世界各国经济互利合作、相互依存的加深，必将给全球经济增长创造更加美好的前景。

1978年实行邓小平先生倡导的改革开放政策以来，中国发生了前所未有的深刻变革。中国的综合国力显著增强，人民生活不断改善。中国人民在继承和发扬古老文明的基础上创造了新的历史。现在，13亿中国人民正万众一心地在中国特色社会主义道路上开拓前进。

中国已经明确了本世纪头20年的奋斗目标，这就是紧紧抓住重要战略机遇期，全面建设惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会。

到2020年实现国内生产总值比2000年翻两番，达到40000亿美元左右，人均国内生产总值达到3000美元左右，使经济更加发展、民主更加健全、科教更加进步、文化更加繁荣、社会更加和谐、人民生活更加殷实。

为了实现这个目标，我们将坚持以科学发展观统领经济社会发展全局。我们将坚持以人为本，从最广大人民的根本利益出发，不断满足人民群众日益增长的物质文化需求，努力促进人的全面发展。

我们将坚持以经济建设为中心，把发展作为第一要务，推动经济建设、政治建设、文化建设与和谐社会建设全面发展。

我们将坚持社会主义市场经济的改革方向，进一步推动制度创新，不断深化改革，激发全社会的创造活力，增强经济社会发展的内在动力。

我们将坚持对外开放的基本国策，建立更加开放的市场体系，在更大范围、更广领域、更高层次上参与国际经济技术合作和竞争。

我们将坚持走新型工业化道路，着力调整经济结构和加快转变经济增长方式，提高经济增长的质量和效益，大力发展循环经济，建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会，走生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路。

中国的发展同亚洲及世界的发展紧密相关。中国的发展已经并将继续为亚洲及世界各国带来合作共赢的机遇。

中国将继续稳步开放市场，创新引进外资的形式，完善有关鼓励和保护外商投资的法律法规，改革涉外经济管理体制，加强知识产权保护，努力为中国的对外经贸合作和外国来华投资提供一切便利，创造更好的环境。

获奖译文 中译英

China’s development: A new engine for global economic growth
作者：lwbjcn

In the context of in-depth development of economic globalization, the economic boom in China and Asia is becoming a new engine for world economic growth, and world economic growth will also bring China and Asia new important opportunities. The intensified economic cooperation of mutual benefit and the growing interdependence among all countries will usher in a more promising future for the world economic development.

Thanks to Mr. Deng Xiaoping’s policy of reform and opening up, China has undergone an unprecedented reform, achieving significant growth in comprehensive national power and constant improvement of people’s livelihood. The Chinese people have written a new chapter of history while inheriting and carrying forward the ancient civilization. The 1.3 billion Chinese are now forging ahead with one mind on the path of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.

China has set a clear goal for the first two decades of the 21st century, which is to seize the important strategic opportunities to build a moderately prosperous society at a higher level which will benefit all the people.

By 2020, China’s GDP will quadruple that of 2000, reaching about 4000 billion US dollars, and the per capita GDP will grow to 3000 US dollars, bringing China to a stage where economy is more developed, democracy more consolidated, science and education more advanced, culture more prosperous, society more harmonious, and the livelihood of the people further improved.

To achieve this goal, we will adopt the scientific approach of development as the guiding principle of the overall social and economic development, adhering to the principle of putting human first, proceeding from the fundamental interests of the majority of the people, making efforts to meet the constantly growing material and cultural needs of the people, and promoting the all-round development of people.

We will take economic development as our central task and development as top priority, promoting economic, political, cultural development and harmonious society in an all-around manner.

We will follow through socialist market economic reform, further promoting institutional innovation and in-depth development of reform, tapping the creativity of the society, and increasing the dynamics of economic and social development.

We will pursue the basic policy of opening up, establishing a more open market system and participating in international economic cooperation and competition in a broader scope and at a higher level.

We will stick to the new path of industrialization, making efforts to achieve economic restructuring and accelerate the transformation of economic growth mode, improving the quality and efficiency of economic growth, developing recycle economy, building energy-efficient and environmentally friendly society, and striving for higher productivity, more prosperous life and better ecological system.

China’s development is closely linked with the development of Asia and the world. China’s development has and will continue to bring opportunities for win-win cooperation among all countries in Asia and the world.

China will continue to open its market in a steady manner, adopting new approaches to attract foreign investment, improving laws and regulations to encourage and protect foreign investment, reforming foreign-related economic management mechanisms, strengthening the protection of intellectual property, and making efforts to provide facilitation and better environment for foreign trade and economic cooperation and foreign investment in China.

参考译文 中译英

China is Emerging as a New Growth Engine for the World

In the context of deep-going economic globalization, China and Asia are emerging as an economic power house for the world. The expansion of the world economy, on the other hand, is generating fresh opportunities of significance for China and Asia as well.

The further development of mutually beneficial cooperation and increased interdependence among various economies, on the other hand, will undoubtedly open up broad vistas for the global economic growth.

Since the implementation of the reform and opening-up program initiated by Mr. Deng Xiaoping in 1978, China has undergone a profound transformation unprecedented in history. Our overall national strength has enhanced markedly and the people’s living standard improved steadily. Carrying forward the glory of their ancient civilization, the 1.3 billion Chinese people are creating a new history as they press forward in a concerted effort and a pioneering spirit along the high road of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.

China has set a goal for the first 20 years of this century, which is to firmly seize the major strategic opportunities to build China，in an all-round way，into a moderately prosperous society of a higher standard, which is of great benefit to its more than one billion people.

By 2020, China's GDP will have quadrupled from the figure of 2000, amounting to approximately 4 trillion US dollars, with a per-capita level of some 3,000 US dollars. This will result in further developed economy, enhanced democracy, advanced science and education, enriched culture, improved social harmony and an upgraded texture of life for the people.

To achieve this goal, we will adopt a scientific approach in the process of guiding the economic and social development. We will stick to the principle of putting the people first, always keeping the fundamental interests of the broad masses at heart, and endeavoring to satisfy their growing material and cultural needs so as to achieve the comprehensive development of man.

We will focus on economic development, making development our central task or top priority with a view to achieving a well-rounded progress -- economically, politically and culturally -- in the building of a harmonious society.

We will persist in the reform to develop a socialist market economy, furthering the innovation of institutional mechanisms, deepening the reforms aimed at galvanizing creative vitality of society and activating from within the dynamics for economic and social development.

We will adhere to our basic policy of opening to the outside world so as to establish a more open market system, enabling the country to participate in international economic and technological cooperation and competition in greater scopes and wider fields and at higher levels.

We will follow a new course of industrialization to transform China’s economic structures and to promote changes in the mode of economic growth by improving quality and efficiency. We will do a good job of developing a circular economy to build a resource-efficient and environment-friendly society. By so doing we will embark on a path to renewed development characterized by higher productivity, improved livelihood and a sustainable eco-system.

China’s development and the development of Asia and the world as a whole are closely interrelated. The development of China will, as always, generate cooperation opportunities with win-win results for other countries in Asia and all over the world.

China will keep opening up its market step by step. We will try to explore new ways of attracting foreign capital, improve the legal framework for encouraging and protecting foreign investment, streamline the management of businesses with foreign elements, and step up the protection of intellectual property rights. Great efforts will be made to create a more favorable business climate to facilitate economic and trade cooperation outwardly and to make things smooth for the inflow of foreign investment.

专家点评 中译英

注意政治经济文件的翻译特点和中国特色词语的可取表达

这是国家主席胡锦涛在财富全球论坛开幕式上发言的摘录，网上有现成的英译文。对于原有的翻译我们应该抱着学习借鉴、改进提高的态度。

中文的政治经济方面的文件的一个明显特点就是长句比较多，而且句中的多个部分往往是用几个逗点分开，看起来似乎都是并列句。在这些情况下，应该注意做两件事：一是尽量把一个长句分成若干个短句；二是弄清句子各个部分之间的关系，以便拆分为主从结构。
选这一段翻译的另一个目的是探索“小康社会”、“涉外经济管理”等中国特色的词语的比较可取的英语表达。

1.“经济发展新的推动力量”翻译成英文可以是growth engine, 也可以是economic power house （带动经济发展的火车头）。
2. “在……的条件下”也可以翻译为against the backdrop of （在……背景之下）。
3. 世界经济发展也将给中国及亚洲发展带来新的重要机遇：翻译成英文时，要把“将”字理解为“会”字，而不是将来时态。所以这里变成了现在进行时。
在经济全球化趋势深入发展的条件下：in the context of deepgoing economic globalization。
4. Vistas 是“前景”的意思，例如：This discovery opens up new vistas of research for biologists. (这一发现为生物学家展示了新的研究前景)。
5. 万众一心地在中国特色社会主义道路上开拓前进：press forward / forge ahead in a concerted effort and pioneering spirit along the high road of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.
6. 全面建设惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会：这里涉及“全面地”、“惠及十几亿人口的”、“更高水平的”、“小康”等多个修饰语（状语和定语），在进行翻译时必须对它们作妥善的安排：to build China， in an all-round way，into a moderately prosperous society of a higher standard so as to benefit its more than one billion people. “小康社会” 如果翻译为well-off则有两个问题需要考虑：第一，它是一个泛指“富裕”的概念，不能准确表达“小康”的意思；第二，它通常与人联用，很少与国家或社会搭配。
7. 使经济更加发展、民主更加健全、科教更加进步、文化更加繁荣、社会更加和谐、人民生活更加殷实：这里共有6个“更加”，分别用further developed, enhanced, advanced, enriched, improved 和upgraded 这些词语来修饰。要从动词的结果而不是从开始来着眼考虑问题，所以动词用了将来完成时。
8．我们将坚持以科学发展观统领经济社会发展全局：这里的“坚持”没有翻译出来，而是代之以“采取”。从这一段开始，每一短的开头都是“我们将坚持”， 一共出现6次，产生了排比句(parallel structure)的效果：We will adopt, We will stick to, We will focus on, We will uphold, We will adhere to, We will follow ….
9. 我们将坚持以人为本，从最广大人民的根本利益出发，不断满足人民群众日益增长的物质文化需求，努力促进人的全面发展：这一句里共有四个部分，把第一部分作为主句，第二和第三部分作为方式状语，第四部分作为目的状语录。这样处理各个部分的关系比较恰当，句子结构也比较平衡。”以人为本” 也可以说people oriented; people focused; people foremost。“从最广大人民的根本利益出发”翻译为 make…the starting point / point of departure似乎意思不太准确, 这是“以….. 为开端”的意思。
10．推动经济建设、政治建设、文化建设与和谐社会建设全面发展：这一句里有四个形式上并列的“建设”，但在意思上只有前三个是并列的，第四个是在其之上的，所以英语译文作了这样一来的安排：… with a view to achieve a well-rounded progress -- economically, politically and culturally -- in the building of a harmonious society.
11．我们将坚持……改革方向，进一步推动……，不断深化……，激发……活力，增强……动力：把后面的四个并列的动词短语分成两个层次：两个现在分次短语和两个动名词短语：We will persist in …, furthering, deepening aimed at galvanizing … and activating … 增强经济社会发展的内在动力：activating from within the dynamics for economic and social development.
12. 走生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路。to embark on a path to renewed development characterized by higher productivity, improved livelihood and a sustainable eco-system。“文明发展”指的是不是与过去不同的发展道路？比如要注意防止污染、节约资源等。互联网上有关于美国建设新农村的说法：renewing the countryside。所以我们在这里把“文明发展”翻译为renewed development。当然，blaze a trail of development 的说法也是很好的。
13. 共赢：win-win results / outcomes / deals / negotiation
14. 最后一个句子特别长，翻译成英语时最好是分成几个句子：China will keep opening up its market step by step. We will try to explore new ways … and improve …. streamline …, and step up …. Great efforts … a more favorable environment … to facilitate …, and to make things smooth for …. “涉外经济管理”的意思从上下文来看应该是：the management of businesses with foreign elements （对外资企业的管理）. 如果翻译为foreign (related) economic management意思似乎不大确切。

以上译文和说明仅供参考。

汉英翻译是一个十分复杂的转换过程，或者说是一个“深加工、精加工”的过程，必须“精心设计、惊心施工”。如果有兴趣，请参阅《中国翻译》2005年第5期上刊登的 《汉英翻译实践是一个再创作的过程》一文（在互联网上也能查到）。

(丁衡祁）