高考攻略READING绿色潮流.doc

绿色潮流
ANALYZE
【专题介绍】
关注环境保护和可持续发展是当今世界的主流呼声，也是高考英语阅读理解部分的常考内容。热点题材主要有：介绍环保的生活方式和生态旅游、生态农业、生态家居等话题，如2008湖南、福建卷关于平日生活中如何节能的话题；宣传倡导环保新潮流的典型个人和事迹，如2008山东卷的D篇向我们展示了在保卫环境的战役中，孩子们在行动。
【应考策略】
平时同学们不仅要有环保意识，而且更要有关注热点环保题材的意识，只有把脉当今环保新潮流，留心相关题材的文章，应考时才会得心应手。
【高考范例】
The global energy crisis is approaching. What can we do? Here are some steps you can take.
Cooling puts the greatest stress on your summer energy bill and the power grid (电网). Just as a tune-up for your car can improve your gas mileage, a yearly tune-up of your heating and cooling system can improve efficiency and comfort. Clean or replace filters monthly or as needed.
For central air conditioning systems and room air conditioners, look for the ENERGY STAR, the federal government’s symbol for energy efficiency. For central air, purchase the system with the highest possible Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER).
Use energy-efficient ceiling fans either alone or with air conditioning. Ceiling fans do a great job of circulating air. When used with air conditioning, fans allow you to raise the thermostat (恒温器) and cut costs. Ceiling fans cool people, not rooms, so before you leave, turn off the ceiling fan.
Let a programmable thermostat “remember for you” to automatically adjust the indoor climate with your daily and weekend patterns to reduce cooling bills by up to 10 percent. You can come home to a comfortable house without wasting energy and creating pollution all day while you are at work.
Try to make your home airtight enough to increase your comfort, make your home quieter and cleaner and reduce your cooling costs up to 20 percent.
Cut your air conditioning load, and reduce pollution by planting leafy trees around your home and fixing reflective bricks on your roof.
Close blinds or shades on south-and west-facing windows during the day, or fix shading equipment to avoid heat build-up.
Turn off everything not in use: lights, TVs, computers. And use fluorescent bulbs (荧光灯), which provide bright, warm light while using at least two-
-thirds less energy, producing 70 percent less heat and lasting up to 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs (白炽灯).
Drive the car that gets better gas mileage whenever possible if you own more than one vehicle. If you drive 12,500 miles a year, switching 10 percent of your trips from a car that gets 20 miles per gallon to one that gets 30 mpg will save you more than $65 per year.
Carpool. The average U.S. commuter (乘车上班族) could save about $260 a year by sharing cars twice a week with two other people in a car that gets 20.1 mpg — assuming the three passengers share the cost of gas.
1. According to the passage, the thermostat is used to _____
A. make rooms quieter
B. control room temperature
C. turn off the air conditioner
D. reduce room air pollution
2. We can conclude from the passage that the author probably discourages _____.
A. planting leafy trees around your home
B. turning off the ceiling fan before you leave your house
C. keeping your south-facing windows open during the day
D. using fluorescent bulbs instead of incandescent bulbs
3． According to the passage，you can save fuel by _____.
A. using energy-efficient ceiling fans
B. sharing cars with others on weekdays
C. turning off everything not in use
D. reducing 10% of your car trips every year
4. This passage is mainly about _____.
A. energy-saving tips B. fuel-saving tips
C. do-it-yourself tips
D. environment-protecting tips
（福建2008）
【阅读赏析】
涉及考查细节理解的阅读理解题，要学会巧用寻读法，也就是题中考什么，文中找什么。本文所叙述的是一些节省能源的小窍门。如第一小题考查的是the thermostat的功能。我们只要在文中第五段找到the thermostat的功能是调节控制室内温度即可。而第二小题同样是细节理解题。首先要理解题目中的discourages有“阻拦，阻止”之意，题干的意思是说作者会劝阻什么行为，当然应该是不利于节能的行为，剩下的工作还是快速寻读。第三题为细节判断题，利用寻读法可得出答案。第四题是问文章主题，需要注意不要把主题扩大化和缩小化，也不要偏离主题。
【答案解析】
1. B。注意第五段第一句中的关键语 “adjust the indoor climate ”。
2. C根据Close blinds or shades on south-and west-facing windows during the day可知，作者主张在日间关闭朝南的窗户，故C项作者不赞成。
3. B。要注意审题, 本题问的是save fuel的方法，只有B项是节省燃料的方式。
4. A。通篇讲的是save energy， A项高度概括了本文的主题思想。

PRACTICE
阅读下列短文，从每题所给出的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A
Melissa Poe was 9 years old when she began a campaign for a cleaner environment by writing a letter to the then President Bush. Through her own efforts, her letter was reproduced on over 250 donated billboards （广告牌） across the country.
The response to her request for help was so huge that Poe established Kids For A Cleaner Environment (Kids F.A.C.E.) in 1989. There are now 300,000 members of Kids F.A.C.E worldwide and it is the world’s largest youth environmental organization.
Poe has also asked the National Park Service to carry out a “Children’s Forest” project in every national park. In 1992, she was invited as one of only six children in the world to speak at the Earth Summit in Brazil as part of the Voices of the Future Program. In 1993, she was given a Caring Award for her efforts by the Caring Institute.
Since the organization started, Kids F.A.C.E. members have distributed and planted over 1 million trees! Ongoing tree-planting projects include Kid’s Yards — the creation of backyard wildlife habitats (栖息地) — and now Kids F.A.C.E. is involved in the exciting Earth Odyssey, which is a great way to start helping.
“Starting the club turned out to be a way to help people get involved with the environment. Club members started doing things like recycling, picking up litter and planting trees as well as inviting other kids to join their club.”
“We try to tell kids that it’s not OK to be lazy,” she explains. “You need to start being a responsible, environmentally friendly person now, right away, before you become a resource-sucking adult.”
1. Kids F.A.C.E is _____.
A. a program to help students with writing
B. a project of litter recycling
C. a campaign launched by President Bush
D. a club of environmental protection
2. What can we learn about Poe?
A. She was awarded a prize in Brazil.
B. She donated billboards across the country.
C. She got positive responses for her efforts.
D. She joined the National Park Service.
3. Kid’s Yards is _____.
A. established in a national park
B. started to protect wildlife
C. a wildlife-raising project
D. an entertainment park for kids
4. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?
A. Adults are resource-sucking people.
B. Poe sought help from a youth organization.
C. Kids F.A.C.E members are from the U.S.
D. Kids are urged to save natural resources.
(山东2008)

B
Iceland has energy to spare, and the small country has found a cutting-edge (尖端的) way to reduce its oil dependency. Volcanoes formed the island nation out of ash and lava, which heats huge underground lakes to the boiling point. The hot water is piped into cities providing heat for homes, businesses and even swimming pools. The volcanoes melted ice, which formed rivers. The water runs through turbines, providing all the country’s electricity.
Iceland wants to make plans to improve its cars, buses and trucks to run on renewable energy. Iceland has already started by turning water into fuel — hydrogen fuel. Here’s how it works: Electrodes (电极) change the water into hydrogen and oxygen molecules. Hydrogen electrons pass through a conductor that creates the current to power an electric engine.
Hydrogen fuel now costs two to three times as much as gasoline, but gets up to three times the distance than gas, making the overall cost about the same. As an added benefit, there is no carbon — only water steam.
In the capital, Reykjavik, they are already testing three hydrogen-powered electric buses. The drivers are impressed. “I like these buses better because with hydrogen you get no pollution,” said bus driver Rognvaldur Jonatanlson. By the middle of this century, all Icelanders will be required to run their cars only on hydrogen fuel, meaning no more gasoline.
“If we make hydrogen and use that as a fuel for transportation then we can run the whole society on our own local renewable energy sources,” said Marie Maack. Icelanders are showing the world that by making fuel from water, it is possible to kick the oil habit.
1. From Paragraph 1 we may infer that _____.
A. Iceland lacks natural resources
B. volcanoes do more good than harm to Iceland
C. Iceland mainly depends on oil for energy
D. all the country’s electricity is made from coal
2. Which of the following is necessary during the period of turning water into fuel according to Paragraph 2?
A. Electricity. B. Electric engine.
C. Conductor. D. Turbine.
3. The advantage for the cars with hydrogen as fuel is that _____.
A. the cars are environmentally friendly
B. the cars are cheap
C. the cars run much faster
D. the cars will make useful steam
4. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Pollution Saying Good-bye to the World
B. Iceland Becomes a Country Without Oil
C. Iceland Planning to Use Water as Fuel
D. Man Able to Kick the Oil Habit

A 1-4 DCBD B 1-4 BCAC