北大辅导班基础词汇.doc

Abandon The match was abandoned because of bad weather.

ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay

desert/forsake/ leave / cease / depart / discard / relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up

abide We have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt)

Her fame will abide for sure. Last/endure/ continue/persist/remain/stay

You have to keep ______ with the times.

Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with

absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear you call.

engage/occupy/bend over/involve/be busy with

Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game

access In many schools, students don't have sufficient access to the library.

Way/approach/solution/answer/

Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/at hand

His words are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit)

I'm in agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreement with/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to

account He asked no one's advice; he did it on his own (account).independently

You have to take everything into account/consideration. Attention/regard/respect/mind

Give us an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement

He has been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate)

acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure

active He is very active in politics.

Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic

adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself) to the situation.

Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit

accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with)

admit It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays.

(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/ acknowledge/adopt)

adequate Their earnings are barely adequate to their needs.

enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample

advantage The great advantage we have over them is that they are short of money.

Benefit/gain/upper hand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns

Aim His aim is to win the game.

Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination

Amass He amassed a great fortune in twenty years.

Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heap up/store up

Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang

Figure/digit/measure

ambitious These young men were ambitious for success and money.

Eager for/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intent upon

amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds.

Add up to/approximate/total/sum up

The future of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money.

sum/measure/quantity/price/value

angle Try looking at this affair from a different angle. aspect

/view/point of view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment

theory/outlook

announce He had to announce the death of Johnson before the board.

Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/make known

anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemy will do.

expect/ look forward to/await/foresee/hope for

anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Not at all

The apparent things might not tell of the truth.

apparent obvious seeming evident clear plain

apart Apart from his nose, he is quite good-looking.

Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs.

Except for / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition

He was appointed member of the committee.

Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/vote for

appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg

apply Please apply to the secretary for further information.

The rules of safe driving apply to everyone.

approve Many people don't approve of the plan. disapprove

like/prefer/endorse/accept/think well of

arise The company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes.

Rise raise rouse arouse arise

Originate/ derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up

artificial/artistic Her painting is a great artistic creation.

ashamed /shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating

Ashamed of having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him.

acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will be glad to get acquainted with.

associate/link / touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with / relate

I assume that success is a sum of mistakes.

Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted

assure I can assure you of my support.

confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise

You’ve got to attain the mastery of at least on foreign language.

Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete

attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe

avoid You should avoid driving in the center of the town during the rush hour.

Avoid shun escape evade keep away from

The government has banned the used of chemical weapons.

Bar prohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct

bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale

basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we may begin to make a profit next year.

China has been following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries on the basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence.

ground foundation

Scientists say it may be five or ten years before it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.

As soon as before the second the minute the moment

You can’t blame all this on me.

He is the last one to blame for the accident.

Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn

board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals

board/ committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team

boast You should not boast of your success. Brag show off

boom Production boomed.

Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speed up/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper

brief It is a long letter, but in brief, he says "No". short

We are bound for London. Head make

The weather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to

There are no bounds to his ambition. Limit confine restriction

call This situation­­­­_____________ for prompt action. (calls in calls at calls on calls for)

They have called off their engagement.

She was calm when I told her of the terrible news.

Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful

We should not doubt his capability.

Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency

Before you decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few good friends.

Career job vocation trade calling work profession occupation

There is no reason why we should not carry on with it.

Carry on go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process

case In any case I shall return in a day or two. If even if for fear on condition

center She centered her attention on the problem.

Focus concentrate fix

charge The charge against him was severe.

Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/ guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment

Since the situation is changing, let’s take some _____ measures to deal with it.

flexible changeable changing

If I had the choice, I would retire at thirty.

Selection/preference/option/alternative

No one came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it.

cling She clung to the hope that he was still alive.

Stick adhere hold grasp

close The ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem.

Listen closely and look closely, you’ll find it out

A good employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering with their creativity.

Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key

combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water.

blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join

comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work just yet. Remark

criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark

commit I cannot commit myself to any further expense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate

Compare this with that, and you will see which is the better Contrast

Poets have compared sleep to death.

She is lovely beyond compare.

comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison.

I have done little this year in comparison with what I did last year.

Comparable/comparative

compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we think you should.

Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt

He has formed a good habit.

Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build

Assemble/manufacture/produce

Next year, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required

compose The committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents.

Consist of/ be made up of / contain / include/hold/cover/comprise

comprehensive /Comprehensible

She has a comprehensive grasp of the subject.

conscious She was not conscious of his presence in the room. Aware

Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmas card.

Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic

Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful

contend I would contend that unemployment is our most serious social evil.

Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel

Our journey was slow because the train stopped continually at different villages.

continuously vs continually

convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express

cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with.

deal with live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with

correspond

This word in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one.

count Her opinion counts because of her experience.

Matter be of importance significant

Don’t count on a salary increase this year.

believe depended count confide rely depend bank

critical If you really understood the difficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spending reductions.

Crucial urgent pressing decisive

Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic

cure This medicine should cure you of your cold.

Remind relieve inform deprive rob break

It is not my custom to give in.

Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature

The damage to the house caused by the storm took several days to repair.

destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress

grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish

decline Steel production has been on the decline in these countries.

Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce

deep They dived deep into the ocean.

She was deeply interested in classical music.

degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree. Extent

deem They deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying.

Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/think over

A good mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm.

Demand/require/call for

deny They denied her the opportunity to see her father.

refuse decline rejects turn down

die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar.

The storms are dying down.

The noise of the car died away in the distance.

The members of the family had all died off.

This species has died out.

Can you describe what he looks like?

Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell

They were determined that he make a big fortune in his forties.

Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious

She was in his eyes a devoted mother.

Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous

The sewers discharge (their contents) into the sea.

Discharge/discard / cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / give away/

throw away/cast off/get rid of

display We were amazed by the rich variety of commodities on display.

Her writings display natural talents.

Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present

distinct Mice are distinct form rats.

Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar

Long sentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style.

Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct

The light is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another.

distinguish tell separate divide

He is one of the most distinguished scholars in this field.

Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized

/prominent/important/superior

In the dark I could only discern the outline of the building.

Discern/see/make out/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold

diverse There are people from diverse cultures at the party. different various comprehensive

He refused to disclose his name and address.

Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray

They drew up the contract and presented it to the management.

The train drew in/into the station. pull

draw pull drag push heave lift haul

draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing

She drove her car into the forest.

Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride

Don’t discourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage

Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keep from/try to stop

The shoes are expensive but durable.

Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong

It is your duty to go.

Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role

Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort

He is living an easy life now. comfortable

It is an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer than cheap ones.

economic/economical/economy

He went to a very good elementary school.

Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive

Since 1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect.

The acid has no effect on the metal.

The new regulation does not go into effect until the first of March.

A sentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence