复件介词用法口诀大全.doc

早、午、晚要用 in，at 黎明、午夜、点与分。
in the day 在白天 at dawn, at daybreak在黎明时候
   年、月、年月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、帽 in。
in December, 1986  in the third week 在阳光下，在灯下，在树阴下，穿衣、着装、冒雨等都要用in。 in dim light in irons in the rain in rags in disguise in his shirt sleeves
   有形 with 无形 by，语言、单位、材料 in。
in Liaoning, at Anshan. with stone “Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy in the metric system in bronze not in gold
   特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用 in。
in power in a coma in good health in despair in tears in holes in fun in anger in spite in mercy in great confusion. in revenge in low ebb in flower ages in full swing. in principle in grain in study in shorthand in place 适当地    in hopes of(或 in the hope of) 怀着……希望    in connection with 和……有关    in contact with 和……联系    in addition to 除……以外    in case of 倘若，万一  
 in conflict with 和……冲突    in force 有效的，大批   in depth 彻底地  in regard to 关于   
in the neighborhood of 大约、邻近    in retrospect 回顾，一想起    in behalf of 代表……利益    in the least 一点，丝毫    in alarm 惊慌、担心    in the opinion of 据……见解   
in the long run 从长远说来 in haste 急急忙忙地 in wonder 在惊奇中
in public (secret) 公开他(秘密地 in a good humour 心情(情绪)好

   介词 at 和 to 表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。
At 重于攻击的目标，往往表示恶意 to突出运动的位置或动作的对象，侧重表示善意
He presented a pistol at me. 他用手枪对着我He presented a pistol to me. 他赠送我一支手枪
   日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，以下皆用 on
on the second of January on a summer evening on winter day on the evening of 4th 
但 in the Christmas holidays 在圣诞节假期; in the eighteenth century 在十八世纪; in ancient times 在古代; in earlier times 在早期; in modern times 在现代，则用 in， at the present time 现在， at the present day 当今 则用 at。
   收音、农场、值日 on，关于、基础、靠、著论。
the story over (or on) the radio   on TV on an Army reclamation farm on duty
on the international situation. on all these issues. on practical experience. on rice
on an income of 100 yuan a month． on the march 在行军中， on the mend 在好转中
on the prowl 徘徊， on the move 活动中， on the scrounge 巧取豪夺，on the go 活跃
忙碌，on the lookout 注意, 警戒， on the watch 监视着。on the hop 趁不备抓住某人
on the People's Democratic Dictatorship <<实践论>>和<<矛盾论>>

着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。
着火，罢工，偷偷地；出差、办公事；休假；准时。
on fire on strike on a large sale. on the sly (quiet) on business on a mission on purpose This lunch is on me On the contrary
   特定时日和“一……就”，on 后常接动名词。
expand on heating and contract on cooling On entering the room
I'll write to him on hearing from you. on the stair
   步行、驴、马、玩笑 on，cab，carriage 则用 in。
On foot 步行; on horse 骑马; on donkey 骑驴
   at 山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。
在山脚下、在门口、在目前，速度、以……速率、温度、在日落时、在……核心要用at。
At the foot of At the gate of at the door at present at fifty kilometres an hour at top speed and minimum cost. at ten degrees centigrade at zero 在零度
at a great cost 花了很大代价 at sunset.   at daybreak 日出时 at the core at its core.
at all events 无论如何    at one stroke 一下子   at any rate 不管怎 at length 详细地  
be at high tide 处于高潮期    at our invitation 应我们的邀请   at the news 听到消息   
at the risk of 冒……危险    at a great expense 以巨大费用   at a stroke 一举
at intervals of 每隔    at liberty 有权，随意    at the point of 接近，靠近
at the thought of 一想到    at the cost (price) of 以……为代价    at leisure 闲着、失业   
at the disposal of 任凭……使用at stake 在危险中、在成败关头    at bottom 实际上、本质上
at short notice 一得到通知    at seeing us 看到我们    at the happy tidings 听到喜讯  
at sixteen 在16岁时    at the present stage 在现阶段    at all times 永远
工具、和、同随 with，具有、独立（主格）、就、原因。
with work   With television
   就……来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分。
How are the things with you? with their children. with your answer. with revolutionary tendencies with families.有家属的 with machinery to do all the work.
Our sympathies were with the students persecuted by the gang of four during the cultural revolution. 我们是非常同情“文革”中被“四人帮”迫害的青年学生的。(with介词短语作表语)。
   海、陆、空、车、偶、被 by，单数、人类 know to man。
by land (air, sea, water, bus)     by tube 坐地铁       by chance 偶然   by accident 偶然，无意中by virtue of 靠、由    by leaps and bounds 大幅度地    by way of 经由    by the book 按常规
That in 1969 the first artificial satellite was launched to the space is known to man.
即当单数又无冠词的 man 和 known 搭配时，表示人类不用 by。

   this、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。
一天 one day (不说 on one day)       next Saturday 下星期六    this morning 今天早晨
 不能说 at last night, on last Friday, in last month, in this year 这些都是不对的，须去掉介词。

   接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯。
   over、under 正上下，above、below 则不然，
  若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。
over the window. above the city. over the table.
below the hill. below (or under) 30℃.  (两者皆可)below (under) $10000?    （两者皆可〕
   beyond 超出、无、不能，against 靠着，对与反。
It's quite beyond me (It is more than I can understand). 这我完全不懂。 beyond 10 o'clock. beyond my control.     They were touched beyond words. 他们被感动得无法形容。(无)
Beyond two cottages stood his house. “那边 against the south wall 274 votes against 110.
   besides，except 分内外，among 之内 along 沿。
   同类比较 except，加 for 异类记心间。
besides lower cost.包括费用低)   except for 只是
   原状 because of, owing to，due to 表语形容词。
   Under 后接修、建中，of，from 物、化分。
   Before，after 表一点, ago，later 表一段。
   before 能接完成时，ago 过去极有限。
   since 以来 during 间，since 时态多变换。
  与之相比 beside，除了 last but one。
is under repair now正在修建中。 (不能用 in)
即  before, after 常表示一个点的时间状语，而 ago，later 常表示一段的时间状语。
晚饭前 before supper一分钟前 a minute ago
We had scarcely left our school before it began to rain.
He fell ill three days ago.   病了三天。(ago 则只能接动词过去式，同时注意瞬间动词的问题。)
即 beside 的一般用法是“在……旁边”, 但还有“和……相比”等特殊用法。
Look at the last page but one. 请看倒数第2页
They live in the next house but one. 他们住在隔壁过去一家。

   复不定 for、找、价、原，对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。
for 加名(代)加不定式；找到，提供;价格、工资；原因；时间或距离; 去，去某地或开往某地；作，作为;赞成(用于系表结构。)
for us to star t for you on the telephone . for more information about it.
for 200 yuan a month. for your coming. for your struggle. a telegram for Mr. Wang.
for a minute for some distance. The ship was for Dalian.   is for reducing your temperature. for a souvenir.     We are all for cutting down the cost of production.
   快到、对、向 towards，工、学、军、城、北、上、南。
towards the end of term now.    Towards midnight towards us. towards his mother.
招工，上大学，参军，进城，上山，向北方等都属于 up。
而相反的下乡，向南，落榜等都属于 down “大军南下，北上抗日”大概由此而来。
   but for 否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言。
“若不是”But for our great Communist Party, we could never have today's happiness.
for instance 例如    for short 简称      by appearance 从外表    by the aid of 借……的帮助
by far ……得多    by course of ……照……常例    by reason of 由于    by request 应邀
by right of 由于凭借    out of date 过时    out of harmony with 与……不一致   
out of harmony with 摆脱困境   out of bounds 超出权限  out of proportion to 与……不相称  
out of reach 力量不及    out of one's wits 不知所措    out of question 没问题   
out of the question 不可能的    to a great extent 很大程度上    to one's taste 合……胃口 
to one's thinking 据……看来    to one's heart's content 尽情地    to the utmost 尽力  
behind schedule 不准时    behind the times 过时的    behind the curtain 在幕后   
within reach 能力所及    within a hair's breadth 差—点    within a stone's throw of 在附近
   ing 型由于鉴，除了除外与包合。
   之后、关于、在……方面，有关介词须记全。
   in 内 to 外表位置，山、水、国界 to 在前。
英语中 v.-ing 分词转化而成的特殊介词，根据其语法功能，把它们同现在分词，动名词和连同区分开来
respecting 由于, 鉴于; considering 由于, 鉴于;
excepting 除了;; excepting for 除外; excluding 除外；
regarding 关于；concerning 关于
without excepting sb. 包含; including 包括，包含；
following 在……之后;
respecting 在……方面; concerning 有关;