U4L3Languagepoints.doc

U4 L3 Language points
1. What are you up to this weekend?
What is/are …up to?这个句子常用在口语中问对方正在做什么或打算做什么.
我弟弟一整上午把自己关在房间里,他要干什么?
My brother locked himself in his room for a whole morning. What is he up to?
你看上去很担心的样子,怎么了?
You look worried. What have you been up to?

2. Do you have anything planned for Saturday and Sunday?
planned for…是过去分词作定语,修饰anything,相当于定语从句that you have planned for Saturday and Sunday.
e.g. a lighted candle
Sticky rice, wrapped in fresh bamboo leaves, is steamed with a sweet or salty filling.
我对那被浪费在小树林和田野上的时间多么遗憾!
How I regretted the hours wasted in the wood and fields!
Ex.
1) I’ll have the gardener ______ some trees. (种些树)
2) Why don’t you have your hair _______? (剪头发)
3) Have the driver __________ the car around at 4. (把车开来)
4) They are going to have their house ________. (粉刷一下)
have somebody do
have something done
get somebody to do
get something done
make somebody do

3. It depends on the weather.
depend on
---“依靠,信赖,相信,视情况而定,取决于…”
1) 知识依赖于社会实践.
Knowledge depends on social practice.
2) 我们不能相信他的话.
We can’t depend on his words .
3) 一个人的成功取决于他自己坚持不懈的努力.
A man’s success depends on his patient diligence.
4) 很大程度取决于她对这一挑战的反应.
A lot will depend on how she responds to the challenge.
---need sb. / sth. for a particular purpose (因某目的)需要某人/某物
我们靠收音机听新闻.
We depend on the radio for news.
另:That depends. / It (all) depends.
那得看情况
e.g. -----Can I come?
-----That depends: there might not be room in the car.

4. go camping 去露营
类似的短语还有:go shopping, go hunting, go fishing

5. help sb. with sth…..
她经常帮助我学英语. She often helps me with my English.

6. Thanks for the offer. 谢谢你提供帮助.
offer 此处为名词,意为 “提供;提出”
他答应给予支持. He promised to make an offer of support.
* offer还可作v. 意为
1) ---present “提供,给予(表示主动给予)”
他把自己的钢笔提供给我. He offered me his pen.
已经给我提供了一份在西班牙的工作. I have been offered a job in Spain.
2) ---put forward “(主动)提出” (后接动词只用不定式)
他提出借给我一些书. He offered to lend me some books.
她友善地提出带我们到处看看. She kindly offered to show us around.
3)---to say that you are willing to pay a particular amount of money “出价,开价”
我出价1000美元买那所房子. I offered him 1000 for the house.
7. Tom, can you suggest any good books for my project?
suggest (vt.)
1) --to tell someone your ideas about what they should do, where they should go etc.; mention an idea
建议,提议
a)+名词或代词
你建议怎么办? What would you suggest?
b)+从句 [谓语动词多用(should) + v.(原形)] (虚拟语气)
他建议我们改天来。 He suggested (that) we (should) come another day.
c)+动名词
我建议会议延期。 I suggested putting the meeting off.

2）---to make someone think that a particular thing is true; bring sth. to mind “表明，说明”
（多跟从句，从句的谓语用真实语气）
她的表情说明她在生气。 Her expression suggested (that) she was angry.
Ex.
1) 他推荐了一两种我们应该买的书。
He ___________________________, which we ought to have.
2) 她建议带孩子去动物园。
She suggested going to the zoo with the child.
＝She suggested that she (should) go to the zoo with child.
3) 他建议我们把工作放到第二天做。
He suggested leaving the work till the next day.
=He suggested that we (should) leave the work till the next day.

8. What’s more, we wouldn’t have to spend a long time travelling on planes to get to our holiday destinations.
What’s more. “而且；更有甚者” 常用来表示一种递进关系，陈述另一个原因或理由。使用时，它常常放在句首，而且常常用逗号与句子分开。
e.g. 现在我不去那里了。时间太晚了，而且天还下着这么大的雨。
I won’t go there at this time. It is so late. What’s more, it’s raining so hard.

9. I feel excited just thinking about it.
excited “兴奋的”，形容词化的过去分词，在句中作表语。
be excited about/to do sth. “对…感到兴奋”
1)一提起生日聚会她就感到兴奋.
She feels excited about the birthday party.
2)收到他的信,迈克听上去很兴奋.
Mike sounded excited to hear from him.

10. …the historical sites?
e.g. Yang started training for his historic space flight in 1998.
这两句中分别出现了historical与historic, 都可译成 “历史的”, 但含义不同. historic意为 “具有历史意义的,重要的”, 而 historical则意为 “历史上的,与历史有关的”.
具有历史意义的地点 a historic spot
历史遗址 a historical site
历史故事 a historical story
具有历史意义的时刻 a historic occasion

11. But I still find it hard to imagine.
1)在find it hard to imagine中it为形式宾语, hard为宾语补足语, to imagine为宾语.
动词find, think, consider, feel, make等后面常常接 “it+形容词(宾补)+不定式(宾语)”.
Ex.
那使我们没法进行下去. That makes it impossible for us to go on.
我们觉得你说这种事情不合适.
We don’t think it proper for you to say such a thing.
2) imagine -- think of (sth.) as possible 想象,设想
a) +n./pron.
你可以想象那里的情况. You can imagine the situation there.
b) +从句
你不能想象我多么想念你们大家. You can’t imagine how I missed you all.
c) +动名词
你能想象她成了飞行员吗? Can you imagine her becoming a pilot?
d)+复合结构
不要以为自己总是对. Don’t imagine yourself to be always correct.

12. If they invented virtual reality holidays, I’d go on an around-the-world tour.
* go on+活动名词 (“去进行这一活动”, 指行为)
而be on+活动名词 (在这一活动进行之中, 指状态)
cf.
a) 我们上周去参观了东京迪斯尼世界.
Last week we went on (=paid) a visit to Disney World Tokyo.
b) 我们上周在东京迪斯尼世界参观.
Last week we were on a visit to Disney World Tokyo.
类似的还有: go on strike (罢工） be on strike
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