第12讲情景交际用语和谚语.doc

第12讲 情景交际用语和谚语（要点透析）

常见交际用语
1. 问候
Good morning / afternoon / evening. Hello / Hi!
A: How are you?
B: Fine, thank you. And you? / Very well, thank you.
2．介绍
a. This is Mr. / Miss /Mrs.…
b. How do you do? Nice /Glad to see / meet you.
c. My name is…. I'm a student/ worker, etc.
3．告别
a. I think it's time for us to leave now.
b. Goodbye! (Bye－bye! Bye！) See you later / tomorrow./ See you. Good night.
4．打电话
a. Hello! May I speak to…？
b. Hold on, please. He / She isn't here right now. Can I take a message for you?
c. I'm calling to tell / ask you…
d. Goodbye.
5．感谢和应答
a. Thank you (very much). Thanks a lot. Many thanks. Thanks for…
b. Not at all. That's all right. You're welcome.
6．祝愿、祝贺和应答
a. Good luck! Best wishes to you. Have a nice / good time. Congratulations!
b. Thank you.
c. Happy New Year! /Merry Christmas! /Happy birthday to you.
d. The same to you.
7．意愿
I'm going to…I will…I'd like to…I want /hope to…
8．道歉和应答
a. I'm sorry.(Sorry.) I'm sorry for / about …Excuse me.
b. That's all right. It doesn't matter. That's nothing.
9．遗憾和同情
What a pity! I'm sorry to hear…
10．邀请和应答
a. Will you come to… Would you like to…
b. Yes, I'd love to …Yes, it's very kind / nice of you.
c. I'd love to, but…
11．提供(帮助等)和应答
a. Can I help you? What can I do for you? Here, take this / my…. Let me…for you. Would you like some …
b. Thanks. That would be nice / fine. Thank you for your help. Yes, please.
c. No, thanks/ thank you. That's very kind of you, but…
12．请求允许和应答
a. May I…？ Can / Could I…？
b．Yes / Certainly. Yes, do please. Of course(you may). That's OK/ all right.
c. I'm sorry, but…You'd better not.
13．表示同意和不同意
a. Certainly / Sure / Of course. Yes, please. Yes, I think so. That's true. All right. / OK. That's a good idea. I agree (with you)．
b No, I don't think so. I'm afraid not. I really can't agree with you.
14．表示肯定和不肯定
a. I'm sure. I'm sure (that)…
b. I'm not sure.
c. Maybe / Perhaps.
15．喜好和厌恶
a. I like / love…very much. I like /love to…
b. I don't like (to)…I hate (to)…
16．谈论天气
a. What's the weather like today? How's the weather in…？　　b. It's fine/ cloudy/windy/rainy, etc. It's rather warm /cold /hot, etc. today, isn't it?
17．购物
a. What can I do for you? May / Can I help you?
b. I want / I'd like…How much is it？＝What's the price of it? That's too much / expensive, I'm afraid. That's fine. I'll take it. Let me have…kilo / box, etc.
c. How many / much do you want? What color / size / kind / do you want?
d. Do you have any other kind /size/color, etc.?
18．问路和应答
a. Excuse me. Where's the men's / ladies' room / toilet /restroom/ washing room? Excuse me，can you tell me the way to… How can I get to…？ I don't know the way.
b. Go down this street. Turn right / left at the first / second crossing. It's about…meters from here.
19．问时间或星期、日期和应答
a. What day is (it)today? What's the date today? What time is it? What's the time, please?
b. It's Monday/Tuesday/ Wednesday/ Thursday/ Friday/ Saturday/ Sunday. It's January 10th. It's five o'clock / half past five / a quarter to five / five thirty, etc. It's time for…
20．请求
a. Can / Could you…for me? Will / Would you please…？May I have…？
b. Please give / pass me…Please wait (here / a moment ). Please wait (for )your turn. Please stand in line/ line up.

21．建议和劝告
a. You'd better…You should…You need (to)…
b. Shall we…？ Let's…What/ How about…？
22. 禁止和警告
a. You can't / mustn't…If you…， you'll…
b．Take care. Be careful! ＝ Look out!
23. 表达感情
a. 喜悦(pleasure, joy )
I'm glad / pleased / happy to…That's nice. That's wonderful / great.
b. 焦虑
What's wrong? What's the matter / trouble / problem (with you)? I'm / He's / She's worried. Oh, what shall I /we do?
c. 惊奇(surprise)
Really? Oh, dear! Is that so?
24．就餐(taking meals)
a. What would you like to have? Would you like something to eat /drink?
b. I'd like…Would you like some more…？ Help yourself to some…
c. Thank you. I've had enough. Just a little, please.
25．约会
a. Are you free this afternoon/ evening? How about tomorrow morning / afternoon /evening? Shall we meet at 4：30 at…
b. Yes, that's all right. Yes, I'll be free then.
c. No, I won't be free then. But I'll be free…
d. All right. See you then.
26．传递信息
a. Will you please give this note / message to…
b. …asked me to give you this note.
c. Thanks for the message.
27．看病
a. There's something wrong with…I've got a cough. I feel terrible (bad). I don't feel well. I've got a pain here. This place hurts.
b. Take this medicine three times a day. It's nothing serious. You'll be all right / well soon.
28．求助
a. Help!
b. What's the matter?
29．处理交际中的障碍
Pardon? Please say that again /more slowly. What do you mean by…？ I'm sorry I can't follow you. I'm sorry I know only a little English.
【特别提醒】
情景交际解题要注意“四忌”
一忌上词下用。“上词下用”指的是答语部分沿用了题干句子的重点词、信息词，表面看似合理，但往往出错。如用I don't.回答Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.再如：I wonder if I could use your telephone.答语可为Of course you can.注意不可用could。
二忌中文思维。
— Thank you so much for the book you sent me.
— Please don't say so.(正确答语为I'm glad you like it.)
三忌直接回绝。这主要指在对方要求得到帮助，提出请求或邀请时，过于直接，不符合英语国家的交际习惯。
— Can I use your bike?
— No. I don't like to lend it to you.
(正确答语为：Sorry, but I'm using it.)
四忌答非所问。如With pleasure.和It's a pleasure.的区分，前者一般在事前回答，表示“没问题，非常愿意。”后者一般在事后回答，表示“不必感谢，不客气。”
— I'm sorry I broke your mirror.
— Oh, really? It's OK with me.
(正确答语为It doesn't matter./It's all right.)
【谚语】
1. 时间
Time is money.
时间就是金钱或一寸光阴一寸金。
Time flies.
光阴似箭，日月如梭。
Time has wings.
光阴去如飞。
Time is a file that wears and makes no noise.
光阴如锉，细磨无声。
Time stays not the fool's leisure.
时间不等闲逛的傻瓜。
Time and I against any two.
和时间携起手来，一人抵两人。
Time and tide wait for no man.
岁月不待人。
Time cannot be won again.
时间一去不再来。
Strike while the iron is hot.
趁热打铁。
Time is, time was, and time is past.
现在有时间，过去有时间，时间一去不复返。
Time lost can not be recalled.
光阴一去不复返。
Time flies like an arrow, and time lost never returns.
光阴似箭，一去不返。
Time tries truth.
时间检验真理。
Time is the father of truth.
时间是真理之父。
2. 哲理
Lookers－on see more than the players.
当局者迷，旁观者清。
Fact speaks louder than words.
事实胜于雄辩。
Fields have eyes, and woods have ears.
隔墙有耳。
Fool's haste is no speed.
欲速则不达。
Forbidden fruit is sweet.
禁果格外香。
Give a dog a bad name and hang him.
众口铄金，积毁销骨。
Great minds think alike.
英雄所见略同。
Great trees are good for nothing but shade.
大树底下好乘凉。
Hear all parties.
兼听则明。
Fortune knocks once at least at every man's gate.
风水轮流转。
He knows most who speaks least.
大智若愚。
Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.
抱最大的希望，做最坏的打算
One false move may lose the game.
一着不慎，满盘皆输。
Think twice before you do.
三思而后行。
3. 知识与勤奋
Knowledge is power.
知识就是力量。
Failure is the mother of success.
失败是成功之母。
Practice makes perfect.
熟能生巧。
The early bird catches the worm.
早起的鸟儿有虫吃。
Fear always springs from ignorance.
恐惧源于无知。

Reading enriches the mind.
开卷有益。
Rome was not built in a day.
冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。
Genius is nothing but labor and diligence.
天才不过是勤奋而已。
He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.
想不犯错误，就一事无成。
If you want knowledge, you must toil for it.
要想求知，就得吃苦。
Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.
胸中有知识，胜于手中有钱。
Industry is the parent of success.
勤奋是成功之母。
It is never too old to learn.
活到老，学到老。
A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.
浅学误人。
Knowledge makes humble, ignorance makes proud.
博学使人谦逊，无知使人骄傲。
4. 友谊
Life without a friend is death.
没有朋友，虽生犹死。
Old friends and old wines are best.
陈酒味醇，老友情深。
Friends agree best at distance.
朋友之间也会保持距离。
Friends are thieves of time.
朋友是时间的窃贼。
Happiness takes no account of time.
欢乐不觉时光过。
He is a good friend that speaks well of us behind our backs.
背后说好话，才是真朋友。
Time tries friends as fire tries gold.
时间考验朋友，烈火考验黄金。
5. 生活
First come, first served.
先来后到。
Take things as they come.
既来之，则安之。
First impressions are half the battle.
初次见面，印象最深。
Fortune favors those who use their judgement.
机遇偏爱善断之人。
Four eyes see more than two.
集思广益。
He is not laughed at that laughs at himself first.
自嘲者不会让人见笑。
It is hard to please all.
众口难调。
Like father, like son.
有其父必有其子。
Jack of all trades and master of none.
门门精通，样样稀松。
Learn to walk before you run.
先学走，再学跑。
Love me, love my dog.
爱屋及乌。
Many hands make light work.
众人拾柴火焰高。
Misfortunes never come alone.
祸不单行。
No news is good news.
没有消息就是好消息。
6. 自然
Far water does not put out near fire.
远水救不了近火。
Fire and water have no mercy.
水火无情。
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
覆水难收。
It takes three generations to make a gentleman.
十年树木，百年树人。
Many things grow in the garden that were never sown there.
无心插柳柳成荫。
One swallow does not make a summer.
一燕不成夏。
Still water runs deep.
静水流深。
Tall trees catch much wind.
树大招风。
The devil knows many things because he is old.
老马识途。
The fox preys farthest from home.
兔子不吃窝边草。
The frog in the well knows nothing of the great ocean.
坐井观天。
The grass is greener on the other side.
这山望着那山高。
7. 励志
Never say die.
永不言败。
Where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者事竟成。
He laughs best who laughs last.
谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。
Never too old to learn, never too late to turn.
亡羊补牢，为时未晚。
No man is born wise or learned.
没有生而知之者。
He is lifeless that is faultless.
只有死人才不犯错误。
Happy is the man who learns from the misfortunes of others.
吸取他人教训，自己才会走运。
No pains, no gains.
没有付出就没有收获。
No sweet without sweat.
先苦后甜。
Well begun is half done.
好的开始，是成功的一半。
Nothing brave, nothing have. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。
Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.
世上无难事，只怕有心人。
Nothing seek, nothing find.
没有追求就没有收获。
Great hopes make great man.
伟大的抱负造就伟大的人物。
The fire is the test of gold, adversity of strong man.
烈火验真金，艰难磨意志。
God helps those who help themselves.
自助者天助。
8. 其他
Justice has long arms.
天网恢恢，疏而不漏。
Kill two birds with one stone.
一箭双雕。
Make hay while the sun shines.
良机勿失。
Two heads are better than one.
三个臭皮匠，赛过诸葛亮。
Never judge a man by his appearance.
不可以貌取人。
The best hearts are always the bravest.
无私者无畏。
The pot calls the kettle black.
五十步笑百步。
The cat shuts its eyes when stealing.
掩耳盗铃。
Good health is over wealth.
健康是最大的财富。
Good medicine for health tastes bitter to the mouth.
良药苦口利于病。
Health is happiness.
健康就是幸福。
Honesty is the best policy.
做人诚信为本。
Promise is debt.
一诺千金。

第12讲 情景交际用语和谚语（考点突破）
(　　) 1. — Tom, I'm sorry to say that I can't go to watch tonight's match with you, for I have to prepare for the coming exam. (2010·江苏建湖第二中学高三模拟)
— ______. Have some fun!
A. Don't have too many irons in the fire.
B. Don't be a wet blanket.
C. Don't put the cart before the horse.
D. Don't pull my leg.
【解析】
1. C　此项意为做事不要前后颠倒，指应先做重要的事。A项意为不要同时从事多种活动；B项意为不要做令人扫兴的人；D项意为别开玩笑。
(　　) 2. — What's up，Mary?
— I'm worried about the interview I had yesterday.
— ______， and let's keep our fingers crossed and hope for the best. (2010·江苏宿迁市高三第一次模拟)
A. Come on B. No wonder
C. Get ready D. No problem
(　　) 3. — Is this Mr. White's office, Mary?
— Yes, ______.(2010·江苏灌南高级中学高三第一次模拟)
A. that's all right B. it doesn't matter
C. after you D. please yourself
【解析】
2. A　由keep one's fingers crossed (祈求好运)可知应选A项，意为加油，用于鼓励对方。No wonder 难怪；Get ready 准备好；No problem 没问题。
3. C　“您先请”(礼貌用语)符合题意。
(　　) 4. — Tom failed in the job interview.
— ______ He didn't make a good preparation for it. (2010·江苏宜兴市高三模拟)
A. A bad beginning makes a bad ending.
B. All that ends well is well.
C. It's easier said than done.
D. Work makes the workman.
【解析】
4. A　意为“不善始者不善终”，与He didn't make a good preparation for it相对应。B项意为“结果好就一切都好”；D项意为“勤工出巧匠；熟能生巧”。
(　　) 5. — I really don't know whether I can be admitted to dream university in a month.
— ______. Everything is possible.(2010·江苏泰州/南通市高三模拟)
A. Take it easy B. Just ignore it
C. Never give up D. Take your time
【解析】
5. C　用于鼓励对方，与Everything is possible. 相呼应。
(　　) 6. Our shoes are of great variety and quality. _____. Quickly buy it！(2010·江苏南京一中高三模拟冲刺)
A. Opportunity seldom knocks twice
B. Lies have short legs
C. One false move may lose the game
D. Kings go mad, and the people suffer for it
(　　) 7. — Mark didn't win that science award after all.
— ______ I thought for sure he would. (2010·江苏扬州市高三第四次模拟)
A. No doubt. B. So what?
C. No way! D. How come?
【解析】
6. A　此项意为“机不可失”，与句意相符。B项：谎言终究要败露；C项： 一着不慎，满盘皆输；D 项：君王发狂，百姓遭殃。
7. D　怎么会呢？表示惊讶，与句意相符。No doubt 毫无疑问；So what? 那又怎么样？No way 决不。
(　　) 8. — Dad, John isn't cool and buries himself in jobs all day I want to break up with him.
— Break up with such a nice man? ______ I don't want to see you for ever.(2010·江苏六合高级中学高三冲刺模拟)
A. Don't talk that tone to me.
B. Go to hell.
C. None of your nonsense.
D. Don't be a wet blanket.
【解析】
8. B　见鬼去吧！与I don't want to see you forever相对应。
(　　) 9. — The railway station, please.I have to be there in ten minutes.
— ______， but I'll do my best.(2011·江西南昌一中高三月考)
A. No problem B. OK
C. I can't promise D. I can't do that
【解析】
9. C　我不能保证；与but I'll do my best 相符。
(　　)10. — I'm fed up with studying.
— What nonsense! You've only got one year more to do. Then you'll have your qualification and after that ______. (2010·江苏南师附中高三5月模拟)
A. content is better than riches
B. it is not your cup of tea
C. the world is your oyster
D. well begun is half done
【解析】
10. C　前途无量；前程似锦，与句意相符。
A项：知足胜于财富；
B项：不是喜欢的事；
D项：良好的开端是成功的一半。
(　　)11. — How do you find the latest movie Avatar by James Cameron
— ______ I can't think too highly of it.(2011·浙江衢州市杜泽中学高三模拟)
A. It's not to my taste.
B. It all depends.
C. Quite by accident.
D. It's really wonderful.
【解析】
11. D　由I can't think too highly of it可知电影很精彩，故选D项。A项：不是我的口味；B项：视情况而定；C项：偶然。
(　　)12. — Learning a language isn't easy. It takes time
— I agree. ______. There's no short cut.(2010·浙江舟山市定海区高三模拟)
A. All roads lead to Rome
B. Rome wasn't built in a day
C. Practice makes perfect
D. Slow but sure wins the race
【解析】
12. B　罗马不是一天建成的，与It takes time意义相符。
(　　)13. — Could you please tell me the answer to this question?
— ______！ It is not my style to help people cheat. (2010·浙江舟山市定海区高三模拟)
No problem B. No way
C. No wonder D. No doubt
【解析】
13. B　决不，用于断然拒绝别人的请求。
(　　)14. — It shouldn't take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help.
— That's right. ______. (2011·河南郑州四中高三第一次调考)
A. Many hands make light work
B. Something is better than nothing
C. The more the better
D. The sooner, the better
【解析】
14. A　人多好干活；人多力量大，与句意相符。B项：聊胜于无。
(　　)15. — You couldn't have chosen a better gift for me.
— ______.(2010·江苏南京十三中高三考前模拟)
A. I'm sorry you don't like it
B. That's all right
C. I'm glad you like it so much
D. I agree with you
【解析】
15. C　很高兴你喜欢，与上句意义相符。
(　　)16.— Are you going to take the job?
— Certainly, though the salary is not so good. ______，you know.(2010·浙江杭州西湖高级中学高三月考)
A. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush
B. A golden key can open any door
C. Actions speak l