高考攻略READING健康篇.doc

ANALYZE 健康篇【专题介绍】21世纪是一个大健康时代，人类将追求心理、生理、社会、环境的完全健康。健康已成为和谐世界的新潮流。在此背景下，近年来的高考英语阅读理解的选材也越来越人性化，开始注重对人类问题的深层次思考和把握。对健康问题的探讨理所当然成为高考英语阅读理解的一个热点题材。近年来，高考英语阅读理解中出现的有关健康的话题主要有：1. 健康知识的话题，如2007安徽卷的A篇讲的是儿童肥胖的原因；2008北京卷的E篇是关于减肥的话题；2008浙江卷的篇和2008湖北卷的D篇讲的是休息和睡眠对健康的益处；2. 预防心理疾病,增进心理健康的话题，如2007四川卷的B篇讲的是态度对一个人身体健康的影响作用；3. 常见疾病介绍，如2007广东卷的C篇介绍了疟疾这种疾病。【应考策略】1 加强课外知识的积累，了解最新的健康理念和健康潮流。2. 多关注一些时尚流行的健康运动方式（如瑜珈、有氧运动体操等），了解一些重要的保健知识。3. 了解一些常见病种（如艾滋病、结核病、疟疾等）的病理知识和预防知识。 【考例再现】 The Diet Zone: A Dangerous Place Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet . We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically（身体上）. Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brains to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale （秤） instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels. On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we dont have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle. The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients (营养成分). Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemicals that go into diet products are potentially dangerous. Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological and physical harm that comes from using them.1. From Paragraph 1, we learn that _.A. diet products fail to bring out peoples potentialB. people have difficulty in choosing diet productsC. diet products are misleading peopleD. people are fed up with diet products2. One psychological effect of diet products is that people tend to _.A. try out a variety of diet foodsB. hesitate before they enjoy diet foodsC. pay attention to their own eating habitsD. watch their weight rather than their diet3. In Paragraph 3, “gain comes without pain” probably means _.A. losing weight is effortlessB. it costs a lot to lose weightC. diet products bring no painD. diet products are free from calories4. Diet products indirectly harm people physically because such products _.A. are over-consumedB. lack basic nutrientsC. are short of chemicalsD. provide too much energy（北京 2008）【阅读赏析】本文体裁是议论文，其结构路线图如下：开头部分（第一段）开门见山提出论点 论证部分：第一部分（第二、三段）讨论减肥产品对消费者的心理影响，论述方法也是花开两朵，各表一枝，每段各谈心理影响的一个方面；第二部分（第四段）叙述减肥产品对消费者的生理危害 最后一段归纳总结提出要消除错误认识,树立正确观念。本文一共五段，设题五道，设题布局均匀合理。根据上述结构图，我们不难得出最后一题文章结构分析题的答案为B。在考试中，建议大家先通读全文快速掌握文章大意，弄清文章的篇章结构，然后分析段落大意，掌握各个段落的主题句以及细节信息，这样，就能避免对文章的主旨大意和段意的理解偏差。这样的阅读方法尤其适用于本文。【答案解析】1. C。段意归纳题。此段中作者首先谈到一种现象 现在减肥产品铺天盖地，充斥着我们的生活，然后指出有关减肥产品的宣传对消费者造成了误导，减肥产品对人们的心理和生理都有危害。很明显，最后一句是本段的主题句。故选C。2. D。细节理解题。从本段中的Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale （秤） instead我们可以得知：减肥产品使得人们只关注体重上的变化而不是饮食。故选D。3. A。此题表面上看是句意猜测题，实际上也是一个段意归纳题，因为理解了本段的主旨大意，这个题也就迎刃而解了。本段告诉我们减肥产品对消费者的另一心理影响是使他们认为减肥可以“不劳而获”，即通过减肥产品减肥不需要耗费体力，忍受痛苦。4. B。细节理解题。第四段的第二句告诉我们服用减肥产品会导致人们基本营养成分的缺失，说明这些减肥产品缺少营养成分。故选B。PRACTICE阅读下列短文，从每题所给出的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AOne morning a few years ago, Harvard President Neil Rudenstine overslept. For this busy man, it was a sort of alarm: after years of non-stop hard work, he might wear himself out and die an early death.Only after a weeks leave during which he read novels, listened to music and walked with his wife on a beach was Rudenstine able to return to work.In our modern life, we have lost the rhythm between action and rest. Amazingly, within this world there is a universal but silly saying: “I am so busy.”We say this to one another as if our tireless efforts were a talent by nature and an ability to successfully deal with stress. The busier we are, the more important we seem to ourselves and, we imagine, to others. To be unavailable to our friends and family, and to be unable to find time to relax this has become the model of a successful life.Because we do not rest, we lose our way. We miss the guide telling us where to go, the food providing us with strength, the quiet giving us wisdom.How have we allowed this to happen? I believe it is this: we have forgotten the Sabbath, the day of the week for followers of some religions for rest and praying. It is a day when we are not supposed to work, a time when we devote ourselves to enjoying and celebrating what is beautiful. It is a good time to bless our children and loved ones, give thanks, share meals, walk and sleep. It is a time for us to take a rest, to put our work aside, trusting that there are larger forces at work taking care of the world.Rest is a spiritual and biological need; however, in our strong ambition to be successful and care for our many responsibilities, we may feel terribly guilty when we take time to rest. The Sabbath gives us permission to stop work. In fact, “Remember the Sabbath” is more than simply permission to rest; it is a rule to obey and a principle to follow.1. The “alarm” in the first paragraph refers to “_”.A. a signal of stress B. a warning of dangerC. a sign of age D. a spread of disease2. According to Paragraph 4, a successful person is one who is believed to _.A. be able to work without stressB. be more talented than other peopleC. be more important than anyone elseD. be busy working without time to rest3. Some people feel guilty when taking time to rest because they _.A. think that taking a rest means lacking ambitionsB. fail to realize that rest is an essential part of lifeC. fail to realize that religions force them to restD. think that taking a rest means being lazy4. What is the main idea of this passage?A. We should balance work with rest.B. The Sabbath gives us permission to rest.C. It is silly for anyone to say “I am so busy.”D. We should be available to our family and friends.（湖北2008）BHow to eat healthfully can be especially complex for working women who often have neither the desire nor the time to cook for themselves (or for anyone else). Registered dietitian (营养学家) Barbara Morrissey suggests that a few simple rules can help.“Go for nutrient-dense (营养丰富的) foods,” she suggests. “Foods that contain a multiple of nutrients. For example, select whole wheat bread as a breakfast food, rather than coffeecake. Or drink orange juice rather than orange drink, which contains only a small percentage of real juice the rest is largely colored sugar water. You just cant compare the value of these foods, the nutrient-dense ones are so excellent,” she emphasizes.Morrissey believes that variety is not only the spice of life its the foundation of a healthful diet. Diets, which are based on one or two foods, are not only virtually impossible to keep up the strength; they can be very harmful, she says, because nutrients arent supplied in sufficient amounts or balance.According to Morrissey, trying to find a diet that will cure your illness, or make yourself a superwoman is a fruitless search. As women, many of us are too concerned with staying thin, she says, and we believe that vitamins are some kind of magic cure to replace food.“We need carbohydrates, protein and fat they are like the wood in the fireplace. The vitamins and minerals are the match, the spark, for the fuel,” she explains. “We need them all, but in a very different proportions (比例). And if the fuel isnt there, the spark is useless.”5 From the first paragraph we know that working women _.A. think cooking is especially complicatedB. do not share the same views with registered dietitiansC. are busy and not interested in cooking D. are likely to eat healthfully6 Orange juice is different from orange drink because _.A. it contains only a small percentage of real juiceB. it is natural, nutritious and prepared from real juiceC. it is largely orange-colored sugar waterD. it contains nothing but calories7. In Paragraph 4 “a fruitless search” means _.A. an effort with no results B. a search for a diet without fruitsC. a research on fruitless diets D. a diet serving as medicine8. By saying “if the fuel isnt there, the spark is useless”, the author means _.A. carbohydrates, protein and fat are enough to support a human lifeB. vitamins and minerals are virtually of no valueC. carbohydrates, protein and fat, vitamins and minerals are of no useD. without carbohydrates, protein and fat, vitamins and minerals are of no useKey：1-4 BDBA 5-8 CBAD