万能作文框架.doc

一．框架
万能框架1（对比两者取其一）
eg. Where to Live-----in the City or in the Country?
Where to Live ----in a Large Family or a Small One?
Which to Prefer ---Private Cars or Public transportation?
Many people appreciate the conveniences of …
But…is also attractive. With…
Both…and…, however, have their own disadvantages. In…And…also has many problems, such as…
As far as I’m concerned, I…So, given the chance, I would prefer to….
万能框架2 (解决问题)
eg.For a Better Understanding Between Parents and Children
For a Better Understanding Between Consumers and Manufacturers
For a Better Understanding Between Audience and Spring Festival Galas
Nowadays there is often a lack of understanding between…often complain about…, while…usually think…Then, when…
There are some possible reasons for the present situation. First, …Second, …Finally, …As a result, the gap between them is growing wider and wider.
To bridge…gap, in my opinion, both…and…should make an effort. …As for their…, both…should make allowance for each other. If they will take the first step by…, it won’t be long before the arrival of a better understanding between
万能框架3 (社会现象，焦点评论)
eg. Advertisements on TV
Examination Cheating
Pirate Books
Today more and more…are seen… It is difficult to…without…Occasionally…In a word, whether you …it or not, …pours into…
In general, there are…main reasons leading to the prevalence of…With the development of…many…have realized the important role of…What is more, …are interested in…
As far as I am concerned, I…because…But there is no denying that…Therefore, I think it is really high time that…
万能框架4（对事物的不同观点）
eg. On Making Friends
On Bargains
On Advertising
…one can hardly…every sign points to the fact that …In fact…
Some people believe…while others think that…Whatever comment one may make…If…and if …and if…then…
With different outlooks, individuals may have different principles in…As far as I am concerned, I would…I will…
万能框架5(社会问题：污染、希望工程，诚信；家庭计划)
eg.The “Project Hope”
Environmental Pollution
Cheating
…is the key …However, …Therefore, …is determined to…
…is of great necessity. As we know, …not only…but also…Moreover, China, as a developing country, is not likely…Therefore, …
My suggestion is that…
万能框架6(怎样获得成功、友谊、快乐、健康)
eg. Good Health
Friendship
Success
The desire for…is universal. Especially nowadays, the possession of…is regarded by nearly everyone as …Only…can we expect to…
How to…then? First, …Second, …Finally, …
As for me, I have always been taking care to…So, I can…
万能框架7（针对不良现象）
eg.Tobacco Consumption
Job Problem for Graduates
Car Accidents Declining
…is known as one of the most serious problems in today’s world…can be seen everywhere…As is shown in the graph, …
…Furthermore, …As a result, …experiencing a decrease…So I believe a …tomorrow…will be achieved through efforts of every person.
万能框架8(批评式)
eg. Comparison and Unrealistic Competition
Breaking Promise / “Falun Gong” / Aids / Disable

As…nowadays many people swarm into the tide of…we may observe that some of …are nothing but…should…just like …by…
However, the reasons for this phenomenon are complicated and such…are very harmful not only to…but to our society. For example, some people want to…such as…based on… With…expect to… with a sense of… while… based mainly on… Nevertheless… undermine… which will, in the long run, undermine the rapid…development of our country, too.
So, it’s high time that we took measures to put an end to any kind of…We many…or fortify special law into effect. And what’s more, why can’t these people…and…
万能框架9（揭示说明问题—解决问题）
eg. The Ups and Downs of Population Growth
The Prejudice against Women
Changes in College Students’ way of Spending Summer Vacation
As is clearly shown by the…Obviously…
There are…reasons for this…One is that…Another (important) reason lies in the fact that…(What’s more…) Therefore…
To…I suggest/think…In a word, if…there is certain to be…
万能框架10（批评与建议）
Eg. Overpollution and Land
Roads and Cars

The two pictures show us that…If this situation goes on, we will surely have…
It is most likely that…not only…but also…First…Second…Last but not least…
Only on the basis of…In my opinion…Otherwise…
二．过渡词
过渡词的分类：根据过渡词在文章中的作用，大致可分四类：
A． 用于“启”的过渡词语
first, first of all, at first ,in the first place, firstly , to begin with ,to start with, recently , now, at present, in recent years 等
B． 用于“承”的过渡词语
second, secondly ,similarly, in addition ,besides, then, furthermore, moreover , what is more, what is worse, for example, for instance, certainly ,surely, obviously, in other words ,especially, particularly, in particular ,indeed, still ,third, thirdly ,truly ,in fact , in plain terms(=simply speaking ), in practice, for the most part ( 基本上),at the same time , no doubt 等
C． 用于“转”的过渡词语
however , on the other hand ,on the contrary ,in contrast ,in any case, at any rate (无论如何)，conversely(相反的),nevertheless, otherwise, or ,or else, while…, whereas …,but ,despite…, in spite of …, yet , instead等
D． 用于“和”的过渡词语
Consequently , as a consequence, therefore, as a result, above all (=most important), thus , after all (毕竟), generally speaking , in general, finally , at last , eventually, hence, in short（总之） , in conclusion , in a word（总之简言之） ,in sum （总之）, on the whole（就整体而言） , to sum up 等

三．句型
表示比较的常用句型
句型1 X is mach (a great deal, a lot ,considerably, somewhat, a bit , a little, slightly, hardly , scarcely, only just) smaller (bigger , cheaper) than Y
句型2 X is exactly (precisely, just, practically, more or less, almost, nearly, approximately, about)the same as Y
句型3 X is quite (completely, entirely, totally) different from Y
句型4 X is not quite as/so big (expensive, interesting etc.) as Y
句型5 X and Y are different in every way (respect )
句型6 X and Y have a little (something ,much,etc,) in common
句型7 one of the differences between X and Y is that…
句型8 with regard to…, x is bigger than y
句型9 x is different from y in that…
句型10 on the one hand, x is (has ,does)…； on the other (hand), x is (has ,does)
表示因果的句型
句型1
The cause of/ reason for higher prices was an increase in demand.
句型2
The / one effect/consequence/ result of an increase in demand is higher prices.
句型3
The demand has increased. Therefore / so / as a result / accordingly / consequently / because of this / thus / hence / for this reason / now the prices are higher.
句型4
because /as /since / now that the demand has increased, the prices are higher.
句型5
An increase in demand often causes / results in / leads to / produces higher prices.
句型6
Higher prices are caused by / due to an increase in demand
句型7
The prices are higher because of / as a result of / on account of / owing to / through /because /since/as there is an increase in demand.
句型8
When /If there is an increase in demand, (then) prices rise.
其他句型：
句型1
A number of/The majority of/A lot of/A few/most/A minority of students are /were able to obtain all their course books from the libraries.
句型2
During the period 1874-1974 / From 1874 to 1974 /Since 1874 /For a hundred years/From 1874 to1974, …
句型3
As can be seen from /in the chart/ diagram /table /graph, …
句型4
According to / as is shown in table1 / figure2 / chart3 /…
句型5
It can be seen from the chart/ diagram / table /graph/figures /statistics that …
句型6
There is / was /has been a slight / small / slow /gradual / steady / large / dramatic / sharp / rapid / sudden rise / increase / fluctuation / decrease / decline / reduction / fall / drop / in prices / population / production / personal incomes / demand/ water supply
句型7
in relation to x A is twice / three time as high / large as B
句型8
Compared with x, y is
句型9
It is generally / widely accepted / argued / held / believed that…
句型10
Therefore /thus/on this basis/ given this it can be / may concluded /deduced/ inferred that…
句型11
From the table /figures / data / results / information it can / may be seen / concluded /shown / estimated /calculated /inferred that…
句型12
In conclusion / in short / in a word / finally we can/may say/it can /may be said that
句型13
The first thing/ first of all we have / I should like to consider…
句型14
It is a fact / there is no doubt / I believe that…
One of the main arguments in favor of / against x is that …
句型15
I agree / disagree with x when he writes /says that…
句型16
X is correct, but / however /on the other hand
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