高中阶段常见带介词to的短语归纳.doc

1 forget doing/to do
forget to do 忘记要去做某事。(未做)
forget doing 忘记做过某事。(已做)
The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off.
办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘记他已经关了灯了。( 已做过关灯的动作)
Don't forget to come tomorrow.
别忘了明天来。(to come动作未做)
典型例题
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh，I forgot___.
A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
答案：C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forget to do sth.
而forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了，而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。
2 stop doing/to do
stop to do 停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事。
stop doing 停止做某事。
They stop to smoke a cigarette.　他们停下来，抽了根烟。
I must stop smoking..我必须戒烟了。
典型例题
She reached the top of the hill and stopped ___on a big rock by the
side of the path.
A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest
答案：C。由题意可知，她到了山顶，停下来在一个路边的大石头上休息。因此，应选择"stop to do sth.
停下来去做另一件事"。而不仅仅是爬山动作的终止，所以stop doing sth.不正确。
3 remember doing/to do
remember to do 记得去做某事(未做)
remember doing 记得做过某事(已做)
Remember to go to the post office after school.
记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before?
你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
4 regret doing/to do
regret to do 对要做的事遗憾。(未做)
regret doing 对做过的事遗憾、后悔。(已做)
I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice.
我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没有办法。
I don't regret telling her what I thought.
我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。
典型例题
---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
---Well, now I regret ___ that.
A. to do B. to be doing C.to have done D.having done
答案D。regret having done sth. 对已发生的事感到遗憾。regret to do sth.
对将要做的事感到遗憾。本题为对已说的话感到后悔，因此选D。
5 cease doing/to do
cease to do 长时间，甚至永远停做某事。
cease doing 短时停止做某事，以后还会接着做。
That department has ceased to exist forever.
那个部门已不复存在。
The girls ceased chatting for a moment when their teacher passed by.
姑娘们在老师走过时，停了会聊天。
6 try doing/to do
try to do 努力，企图做某事。
try doing 试验，试着做某事。
You must try to be more careful.
你可要多加小心。
I tried gardening but didn't succeed.
我试着种果木花卉，但未成功。
7 go on doing/to do
go on to do 做了一件事后，接着做另一件事。
go on doing 继续做原来做的事。
After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics.
做完数学后，他接着去做物理。
Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one.
作完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习
8 be afraid doing/to do
be afraid to do 不敢，胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不去做，意为"怕"；
be afraid of doing 担心出现doing的状况、结果。doing 是客观上造成的，意为"生怕，恐怕"。
She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being bitten by a snake.
她生怕被蛇咬着，而不敢在草丛中再走一步。
She was afraid to wake her husband.
她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。
She was afraid of waking her husband.
她生怕吵醒她丈夫。
9 be interested doing/to do
interested to do 对做某事感兴趣，想了解某事。
interested in doing 对某种想法感兴趣，doing 通常为想法。
I shall be interested to know what happens.
我很想知道发生了什么事。 (想了解)
I'm interested in working in Switzerland. Do you have any idea about that?
我对在瑞士工作感兴趣。你想过这事吗?(一种想法)
10 mean to doing/to do
mean to do 打算、想
mean doing 意味着
I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to.
我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。
To raise wage means increasing purchasing power.
赠加工资意味着增加购买力。
11 begin(start) doing/to do
begin / start to do sth
begin / start doing sth.
1)谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，使用doing.
How old were you when you first started playing the piano?
你几岁时开始弹钢琴？
2)begin, start用进行时时，后面动词用不定式to do
I was beginning to get angry。
我开始生起气来。
3)在attempt, intend, begin, start 后接know, understand, realize这类动词时，常用不定式to do。
I begin to understand the truth。
我开始明白真相。
4)物作主语时
It began to melt.
在下列情况下动名词的逻辑主语必须用名词的普通格或人称代词宾格：
a. 无生命名词
The baby was made awake by the door sudden shutting. 这个婴儿被猛烈的关门声吵醒。
b. 有生命名词但表示泛指意义
Have you ever heard of women practising boxing? 你听说过妇女练拳击吗？
c. 两个以上的有生命名词并列
Do you remember your parents and me telling about this? 你记得你父母和我都告诉过你这事吗？
高中阶段常见带介词to的短语归纳
在高中阶段的英语学习中，同学们常常会遇见许多含有to的短语，而其中有些短语所含的to为介词，他的后面要求接名词，代词或动名词形式。往往容易将这种情况与不定式符号后接动词原形相混淆，为了帮助大家区别记忆，现将高中阶段常见带介词to的短语归纳如下：
be/get/become used to 习惯于 be given to 喜欢；癖好 be related to 与…有关系 be addicted to 沉溺于；对…上瘾 be opposed to 反对 devote oneself to献身于；专心于be devoted to 致力于；忠诚于 be admitted to 被…录取；准进入 be reduced to 沦为reduce…to…使…沦为 be attached to附属于；喜欢；依恋 be adjusted to 适应be known to 为…所知 be married to 和…结婚 be sentenced to被判处be connected to 和…连在一起 be exposed to 暴露于；遭受 be compared to 被比喻成 compare… to…把…比作… be/become/ get accustomed to//accustomed to 惯于；有…习惯be engaged to 与…订婚 get down to 着手做 lead to 导致 object to反对；不喜欢；不赞成 put one’s mind to全神贯注于 give rise to 引起look forward to 盼望 pay attention to 注意 stick to 坚持attend to 专心；注意；照料； see to 负责；注意 contribute to对…作贡献；有助于make contributions to对…作贡献 apply oneself to 致力于 come close to几乎；将近reply to 回答 add to 增加 add up to 加起来 in addition to除…之外 turn to转向；求助于 feel up to 能胜任于 look up to 尊敬 admit to承认belong to 属于 take to 喜爱；开始 cling to 附着 fall to 开始respond to 回答；对…作出回应 accustom oneself to 使自己习惯于 amount to等于set an example to 给…树立榜样 refer to 谈到；参考；查阅 agree to sth. 同意某事 （比较：agree to do sth. 同意做某事） prefer… to…更喜欢take/make a trip to到…地方去 join…to…把…和 …连接起来turn a blind eye to对…视而不见turn a deaf ear to 对…充耳不闻 show honour to向…表示敬意 put an end to(bring… to an end) 结束 drink (a toast) to 为……干杯 propose a toast to 提议…… set fire to 放火烧…… happen to… 发生了……事 occur to sb. 想起；想到 total up to 总计达 be close to 几乎；将近 hold to 坚持；抓住help oneself to 随便用…… hold on to 抓住；固守 do harm to 对……有害处do wrong to 冤枉某人 date back to 追溯到 come to 来到；达到；结果为 (比较：come to do sth逐渐做某事) when it comes to… 谈到……时 give an eye to着眼于have an eye to doing 打算 describe to 向……描述 treat sb. to sth. 请某人吃…… trust sth. to sb.把某物委托给某人 pay a visit to 参观…… the key to ……的答案 access to 进入；取得的方法on one’s way to 在去某处的路上；在达成某事的过程中be a stranger to 不习惯；对……陌生 be kind to 对……和善 be important to 对……重要 be senior to 年龄长于…… be junior to年龄小于…… be equal to 和……相等 be particular to ……所特有的 （比较：be particular about 对……过于讲究；挑剔） be subject to 服从；隶属；易遭\受\患 be familiar to 为 ……熟悉 be similar to 和……相似 be open to 对……开放 be loyal to 对……忠诚 be helpful to对……有益处 be useful to对……有用 be good to sb对某人好 （比较：be good for 对……有益处） be bad to 对……不好 be bad for（比较：对……有害处）be new to 对……不习惯；对……陌生 next to（否定词前）几乎；next to ……的旁边due to 由于；归因于…… be due to do sth.预定要做某事 owing to 由于；因……的缘故 thanks to 多亏了；由于 as to 关于；至于 in/with regard to 关于 in/with relation to 关于；就……而论 according to 根据 subject to 在……条件下；依照
专项练习：
1. The engine of the plane was out of order and the thunderstorm ______ the helplessness of the pilot in the sky.
A. added to B. made up C. led to D. took over
2. It was foolish of him to _______ his notes during that important test, and as a result, he got punished.
A. stick to B. refer to C. keep to D. point to
3.Eating too much fat can _______ heart disease and cause high blood pressure.
A. result from B. devote to C. attend to D. contribute to
Keys: 1. A 2.B 3. D