非谓语学案.doc

泰兴市青优课比赛学案
Unit 1 Getting along with others
Period 4 Grammar and Usage
考点1：主语,表语
1. ______ (see) is to believe.
2. It’s difficult ________ (find) a best friend.
不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语,以保持句子平衡.
3. My wish is ______ (be) a scientist.
4. Your task is __________ (clean) the classroom.
考点2：宾语,宾补
1. Our teacher promised _______ (see) the film with us.
2．The workers demanded _______ (get) better pay.
3．We think it important ______ (obey) the law.
4. He advised me _________ (read) English as often as possible.
5. I expect you _________ (give) me some help.
6. I made him _____ (do) his work.
归纳： 宾语和宾补是否由不定式充当主要看动词的用法.
考点3：作状语
1．He got up early to catch the train.
2．Tim sat near the fire ______ (get) warm.
3．He is brave enough _______ (go) out alone at night.
4．I’m not such a fool ___________ (believe) that.
作结果状语常用于一些固定搭配中如:too …to, enough to，enough to，only tonever to，so + 形容词/副词 +as to, such+名词+as to do引导.
_________ a living, she had to work from morning till night.
A. To make B. Made
C. Making D. To have made
难点1 定语
动词不定式做定语时,应放在被修饰词的后面，而且放在其他后置定语之后.它和被修饰词之间有三种关系:主谓、动宾和同位.
Practice: 1. I have a large house to ___________________ (live)
2. Please give me some paper to ___________________________ (write)
3. Can you find me a chair to ________________________? (sit)
4. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role _____ in making the earth a better place to live in. (2003上海春季高考)
A. to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing

难点二：不定式的时态和语态
Translate the following sentences into Chinese:
1. No one likes to be laughed at.
2. When the teacher came in, we pretended to be reading.
3. They seemed to have lost something.
归纳: 不定式的时态一般有:
to do (be done)动作尚未(被)发生
to be doing动作正在发生;
to have done (have been done)动作已经(被)发生
Robert is said _______ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.
A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying
Robert is said _______ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studies in.
Robert is said _______ abroad, but I don’t know what country he will study in.
难点三:不定式的省略现象
之一：宾补中的省略
1. I made him do his work.
2. I watched him _________ (disappear) in the distance.
Practice:

1. She could do nothing but ________. (cry)
She could say nothing but _________. (cry)
2. What I want to do now is _________ (find) some books to read.
之二：“前有do,后无to; 前无do, 后有to”.
1.不定式用在介词but, except, besides后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带to.
2. 不定式在系动词 后作表语时, 当主语部分有行为动词do, 作表语的不定式to可略。
Practice:
1. You’d better not ____ (do) it.
2. They would rather _____ (try) and fail than _______ (give up) the plan.
之三：常见的固定搭配有:
A. had better do/ had better not do
B. would rather do sth. than do sth.
C. cannot but do sth.不得不------
D. why not do sth? 表建议 why do sth? 表责备
之四：有两个以上的不定式并列在一起时,第二个不定式的 to 可以省略
1.My teacher was made _____ his teaching because of poor health.
A. giving up B. to give up C. give up D. given up
2. ---I usually go to Shanghai by train
---Why not ___ there by boat for a change?
A. to try to go B. try going C. to try going D. try to go

难点四.综合考查
1. ______ (see) is to believe.
2. ______ (see) is believing.
3. Missing this bus means ______ (wait) for another.
注意:主语和表语要用同一种形式；平行结构中要用同一种形式，要注意一致性。
1. It’s important ______ (learn).
2. It's no use ______ (wait) here.
“It is no use/ no good/ fun / a waste of time/ a good pleasure 等名词 + doing”
对比训练:
1. --- Do remember _______ it to your mother.
--- But I remember _____ my mother. (tell)
2. Tom, the windows are too dirty. They need _________________. (clean)
3. ______ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.
A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk
不定式一般可表动作将要发生，而动名词则表已经发生
Practice:
1. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ____ it more difficult.
A. not make B. not to make
C. not making D. don’t make
2.I found the German language hard ____.
A. learned B. learning
C. to be learned D. to learn
3. ---What do you think of the school?
---It is a very good _____.
A. school to study in B. school for children to study
C. studying school D. school to study
4.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth
_____ for him without delay.
A. to have woven B. to be woven
C. to be weaving D. to weave
5. _________ more about university coursed, call [phone].
A. To find out B. Finding out C. Find out D. Having found out 6.I can’t stand __ with Jane in the office. She just refuses __ talking while she works.
A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping
C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop
7. The teacher asked us ____ so much noise.
A. don’t make B. not make
C. not making D. not to make
8. Isn't it time you got down to _____ the papers?
A. mark B. be marked　　 C. being marked D. marking
9. — Tom enjoys _____ basketball on Sunday afternoons, doesn’t he?
  — Yes, he does. But what his sister enjoys _____.
A. to play; dancing B. playing; to dance
C. to play; to dance D. playing; is to dance
10. I was afraid _____ to my customers because I was afraid _____ them.
  A. of talking back; to lose B. of talking back; of losing
  C. to talk back; to lose D. to talk back; of losing
11. Standing on the top of the hill, I would not do anything but _________ the flowing of the smog around me.
  A. enjoy B. enjoying C. enjoyed D. to enjoy
12. — Is Tom a good talker
  — No, he never speaks to me other than _____ something?
  A. ask for B. to ask for C. asked for D. asking for
 13. I can’t get my car ___ on cold mornings, so I have to try ___ the radiator with some hot water.
  A. run; to fill B. running; filling C. running; to fill D. ran; filling
 14. A doctor can expect _____ at any hour of the day or night.
  A. calling B. to call   C. being called D. to be called
 15. What did the librarian _____ out of the library?
  A. permit to take B. forbid to be taken
C. allow to take D. insist being taken
 16. — Mum, why do you give me so much popcorn?
  — _____ the boring time.
A. Kill B. Killing C. To kill D. Having killed

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