2012年南京市中考英语试题（整理版）.doc

2012年南京市中考英语试题及答案
一、选择题（共两部分，满分25分）
A） 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
请认真阅读下面各题，从A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
( )1. Nanjing, ____ capital of Jiangsu Province, has ___long history.
A. a, a B. the, 不填 C. the, a D. 不填, the
( )2. — There used to be a lot of fish in the lake many years ago.
— Yes, but there are very _______ now because of the pollution.
A. few B. fewer C. little D. less
( )3. _________ Millie likes to go to the cinema, but she never sees horror films.
A. Since B. As C. Though D. /
( )4. Chicago isn’t so famous ________ Washington D.C.. However, it’s the third _______ city in the USA.
A. like; largest B. as; largest
C. like; large D. as; large
( )5．—You’ve won the drawing competition. Congratulations! Among all the pictures in the competition，I found _______was really amazing. By the way, when did you draw it?
—During the trip to the Sydney Opera House _______ September.
A. yours; in B. yours; on C. you; in D. you; on
( )6. My bedroom is about __________ of the size of yours.
A. two-three B. two-threes C. second-three D. two-thirds
( )7. The old man always_____ the clothes from ________century.
A. puts on, the twenties B. has, twenties
C. dresses, the twentieth D. wears, the twentieth
( )8.—Could you tell me ______________?
—It’s twenty minutes by underground.
A. how I can arrive to the club
B. how much it costs to reach your school
C. how far it is from your home to the museum
D. how long it took me to get to the supermarket
( )9. At present, more and more people prefer ________ in the countryside because there is _____ pollution in the city.
A. living, more B. to live, less
C. living, less D. to live, more
( )10．—I miss my mother very much. She has gone abroad on business for nearly a year but luckily she will be back in a week.
—Pardon? I ______ something else just now. ________ will she come back?
A. was thinking; How long B. thought; How often
C. was thinking; How soon D. thought; When
( )11. Ladies and gentlemen, please turn off your mobile phones. The plane will_______ soon.
A. get on B. get off C. take off D. take out
( )12. She seldom needs help with her work, _______she?
A. doesn’t B. needn’t C. does D. need
( )13. —Come in Peter, I want to show something to you.
—Oh, how nice of you! I______ you ______to bring me a gift.
A. never think; are going B. never thought; were going
C. don’t think; were going D. hadn’t thought; were going
( )14. English is a language that many people around the world ___not speak perfectly but _________at least understand.
A. may, can B. would, might
C. can, must D. should, can
( )15. —Could you get home at three o’clock?
—______. The meeting in our company won’t be over at that time.
A. I think so B. I’m afraid so
C. Yes，I hope so D. I’m afraid not
B).完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请先阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Self reflection means stopping the mad rush of activity and calming yourself and your mind so your brain can evaluate(评价) the input it has already received. Some people prefer to do __16__ self reflections mentally，while others keep a diary or written notes of some kind. Whether written or purely mental，the __17__ is the same.
School textbooks are often divided into units of study. This can make it __18__ for someone who wants to begin the process of self reflection to get started. Wait times when you complete a unit of study in any of the __19__ you are learning：math，science or any other topic. Sometimes you are reminded that the unit is over __20__ there is some kind of test. Use these natural breaks as chances to stop and reflect.
__21__ a quiet place. This can even be sitting at your desk at school when you finished early and the other students are __22__ working. If you are going to take notes，take your reflection diary. Write down some __23__ on things that you learned in this unit that you did not know before you began. Let your mind ponder(思考) on the notes you have written some connections. Next，think about the things that you still wonder about. __24__ learned a new way to solve a math problem， but you′re not sure when to use it. Write questions will help you remember to __16__ seeking answers the next time you are expert the same topic.
Self reflection is an essential skill for a successful student. If you have never taken the time to reflect, try it now.
16. A. our B. your C. their D. its
17. A. promise B. profile C. program D. process
18. A. easier B. slower C. busier D. tougher
19. A. questions B. subjects C. certificates D. activities
20. A. instead of B. because C. because of D. than
21. A. Pass B. Lose C. Find D. Refuse
22. A. still B. seldom C. almost D. never
23. A. evidence B. answers C. mistakes D. notes
24. A. On time B. For example C. Right now D. In all
25. A. stop B. decide C. forget D. continue
二、阅读理解（共15题；每小题2分，满分30分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A,B,C,D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
In 1901，the citizens of Colorado Springs in the USA decided to collect everyday items and to seal (封住)them in a special box. The box was marked “To be opened after midnight， December 31st，AD 2000”，and was kept in the Colorado College Library.
One hundred years later，on the appointed(约定)day，300 people gathered to watch the opening of the box. Many in the crowd were the descendants(后代)of people who had placed things inside the box.
When the box was opened after midnight，the things inside the box were in very good condition. There were newspapers，photos，diaries，name cards，family trees，books and lots of letters，including one written by Theodore Roosevelt，who became the President of the USA later that year. One of Roosevelt’s friends lived in Colorado Springs at that time.
Many of the letters were written to their descendants. They describe the hopes that the people of 1901 had for the people of the next century. At that time， Colorado Springs had just a few thousand people. Now nearly half a million people live there.
Colorado College Library has scanned the materials and put them on a website. Cecll Muller，whose grandfather had placed a collection of postcards in the box，said that the time capsule was a great treasure. “This is a wonderful educational resource(资源).We can learn so much about our history,” he said. “I never knew my grandfather，but now I feel very close to him. ”
26.According to the passage，“time capsule” means___________.
A. a collection of clocks and watches
B. a machine for travelling through time
C.a collection of items for people to look at in the future
D. a collection of unwanted items
27.Many of the letters in the time capsule talked about___________.
A. the history of the town B. the people who lived in the town
C. the politics of the USA D. people’s hopes for the future
28.Cecll Muller says that the time capsule___________.
A. helps him to get to know his grandfather
B. is worth a lot of money
C.brings back his memories of his grandfather
D. helps him to remember his younger days
B
Have you ever heard someone use the phrase“once in a blue moon”? People use this expression to describe something that they do not do very often. For example , someone might say that he tries to avoid eating sweets because they are unhealthy ,but will eat chocolate“once in a blue moon”.Or someone who does not usually like to go to the beach might say “ I visit the shore once in a moon.”While many people use this phrase ,not everyone knows the meaning behind it.
The first thing to know is that the moon itself is never really blue. This is just an expression fact , the phrase“blue moon”has to do with the shape of the moon , not the color.
As the moon travels around the earth , it appears to change shape. We associate names with certain shapes of the moon. For example, when we can see a small part of the moon is called a crescent moon. A crescent is a shape that looks like the tip of a fingernail When we cannot see the moon at all, it is called a new moon.
When we can see the whole moon is called a full moon. Usually, there is only one full moon every month. Sometimes , however will be two full moons in one month. When this happens, the second full moon is called a moon”.
Over the next 20 years , there will only be 15 blue moons . As you can see , a blue moon every rare event. This fact has led people to use the expression“once in a blue moon”to other very rare events in their lives.
29. Which of the following would be a good example of using the phrase“once in a blue moon”.
A. Simon often tells jokes. Simon tells jokes once in a blue moon.
B. Tom rarely remembers to do exercise. Tom does exercise once in a blue moon.
C. Mary likes to go shopping every weekend. Mary goes shopping once in a blue moon.
D. Cindy nates to stay up, but she stays up every day. Cindy stays up once in a blue moon.
30. When does a blue moon happen in nature?
A. When the moon has a blue moon.
B. When we cannot see the moon at all.
C. When there are two full moons in one month.
D. When we can only see a small part of the moon.
31. How often will a blue moon happen over the next twenty years?
A. Once a year. B. Less than once a year.
C. More than once a year. D. At least twice a year.
32. What does the underlined part “This fact” in the last paragraph refer to(所指)?
A. A blue moon is a very rare event.
B. The moon appears to change shape.
C. The moon itself is never really blue.
D. A blue moon has to do with the shape of the moon.
C
America is growing older. Fifty years ago, only 4 out of every 100 people in the United States were 65 or older. Today,10 out of every 100 Americans are over 65. The aging of the population will affect American society (社会) in many ways —education, medicine, and business. Quietly, the growing of America has made us a very different society —one in which people have a quite different idea of what kind of behavior is suitable at various ages.
A person’s age no longer tells you anything about his/her social position (职位、地位), marriage or health. There’s no longer a particular year in which one goes to school or goes to work or gets married or starts a family. The social clock that kept us on time and told us when to go to school, get a job, or stop working isn’t as strong as it used to be. It doesn’t surprise us to hear of a 29-year-old university president or a 70-year-old man who has become a father for the first time. Public ideas are changing.
Many people say, ‘I am much younger than my mother-or my father-was at my age.’ No one says ‘ Act your age’ any more. We’ve stopped looking with surprise at older people who act in youthful ways.
33.It can be learnt from the text that the aging of the population in America ______.
A. has made people feel younger
B. has changed people’s social position
C. has changed people’s understanding of age
D. has slowed down the country’s social development
34.The underlined word ‘one’ in the first paragraph refers to____.
A. a society B. America C. a place D. population
35."Act your age " in the last paragraph means people should ______.
A. be active when they are old
B. do the right thing at the right age
C. show respect for their parents young or the old
D. take more physical exercise suitable to their age
36. If a 20-year-old man becomes general manager of a big company, the writer of the text would most probably consider it ______.
A. normal B. wonderful
C. unbelievable D. unreasonable
D
Ever thought of moving to a new country? How about starting a new country? Patri Friedman is planning to do just that. He left Google years ago to set up the Seasteading Institute. And his dream is to build seasteads-----floating micro-nations in the middle of the ocean.
So, what will life on a seastead be like? Probably a bit like life on a cruise liner ( 游轮), but much larger, with shops , gyms , swimming pools, schools and other areas. In fact , the early seasteads may actually be specially-rebuilt cruise liners. But as science advances, Friedman believes they’ll become more like floating cities, with several hundred people.
Seasteading raises a lot of questions . First of all , how will the new countries make money? The Seasteading Institute has suggested several money-making ideas, including ocean-based theme parks, casinos ( 赌场) and fish farming. There’s also the questions of safety. With storms, typhoons and pirates( 海盗) , the high seas are a dangerous place. However, the Institute says that it can stand bad weather and prevent crimes with its well-designed systems.
So, is this just a day dream? Well, maybe not. One of the people behind the project is Peter Thiel. He founded PayPal and was one of the first investors (投资者) in Facebook. So far , he’s donated $ 500,000 to the project.
And Friedman isn’t wasting any time . He recently announced the creation of the Poseidon Award. This will be given to the first seastead with fifty people. Friedman is hoping to hand out the award in 2015.
37. Where did Friedman use to work?
A. In Facebook. B. In Seastead Institute . C. In PayPal. D. In Google.
38. A future seastead may be most likely to look like ___________________.
A. a cruise liner B. a floating city
C. a theme park D. a fishing farm
39. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Friedman is planning to move to a new country.
B. Friedman is worried about the safety of seasteads.
C. Friedman has got some supporters for his project.
D. Friedman has already won the Poseidon Award.
40.Which of the following can be the best titles of this passage?
A. Seasteading: a new idea of living B. Seasteading : a wild way of farming
C. Peter Thiel a man behind the project D. Patri Friedman: a crazy day dreamer

三．词汇检测（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式，每空只写一词。
41. Which do you prefer, a sandwich or a ▲ （汉堡）?
42. She answered my questions almost ▲ （立即）．

43. It's very cold in the South Pole. The average temperature is only ▲ （零下）50 degrees centigrade.
44. I will celebrate my ▲ （第十二）birthday next month.
45. Beijing is the capital of China and it lies in ▲ （北方的）China.
46. Your teacher thought you had ▲ （放弃）physics.
47. They couldn't have passed the driving test easily ▲ （没有）your help.
48. --What is that jumper ▲ of?
--Cotton and wool.
49. --Linda, pass my handbag to me, please.
--With ▲ .
50. --Early to bed and early to rise is good for our ▲ ，
--Yes. It's a good habit.
四．句子翻译（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
51. 至少有10