六一居ۥ士传阅读练习及答案翻译2.doc

《六一居士传》阅读练习及答案翻译(2)

篇一：新视野三版2翻译练习答案

Unit 1 Translation

英译汉

English is known as a world language, regularly used by many nations whose English is not their first language. Like other languages, English has changed greatly. The history of the English language can be divided into three main periods: Old English, Middle English and Modern English. The English language started with the invasion of Britain by three Germanic tribes during the 5th century AD, and they contributed greatly to the formation of the English language. During the medieval and early modern periods, the influence of English spread throughout the British Isles, and from the early 17th century its influence began to be felt throughout the world. The processes of European exploration and colonization for several centuries led to significant change in English. Today, American English is particularly influential, due to the popularity of American cinema, television, music, trade and technology, including the Internet.

人们普遍认为英语是一种世界语言，经常被许多不以英语为第一语言的国家使用。与其他语言一样，英语也发生了特别大的变化。英语的历史可以分为三个主要阶段： 古英语，中古英语和现代英语。英语起源于公元5世纪，当时三个日耳曼部落入侵英国，他们对英语语言的构成起了特别大的作用。在中世纪和现代社会初期，英语的 阻碍普及不列颠群岛。从17世纪初，它的阻碍力开始在世界各地显现。欧洲几百年的探险和殖民过程导致了英语的严峻变化。今天，由于美国电影、电视、音乐、 贸易和技术、包括互联网的大受欢迎，美国英语的阻碍力尤其明显。

汉译英

中国书法（calligraphy）是一门独特的艺术，是世界上独一无二的艺术珍宝。中国书法艺术的构成、开展与汉文字的产生与演进存在着密不可分的关 系。汉字在漫长的演化开展过程中，一方面起着交流思想、继承文化的重要作用，另一方面它本身又构成了一种独特的艺术。书法可以通过作品把书法家个人的生活 感受、学征询、修养、个性等折射出来，因此，通常有字如其人的说法。中国书法不仅是中华民族的文化珍宝，而且在世界文化艺术宝库中独放异彩。

Chinese calligraphy is a unique art and the unique art treasure in the world. The formation and development of the Chinese calligraphy is closely related to the emergence and evolution of Chinese characters. In this long evolutionary process, Chinese characters have not only played an important role in exchanging ideas and transmitting culture but also developed into a unique art form. Calligraphic works well reflect calligraphers personal feelings, knowledge, self-cultivation, personality, and so forth, thus there is an expression that seeing the calligraphers handwriting is like seeing the person. As one of the treasures of Chinese culture, Chinese calligraphy shines splendidly in the worlds treasure house of culture and art.

Unit 2

英译汉

A MOOC (massive open online course) is an online course aimed at unlimited participation and open access via the web. MOOCs are a recent development in distance education and have now become a surging trend in higher education. These classes are aimed at expanding a universitys reach from thousands of tuition-paying students

who live in town, to millions of students around the world. In addition to traditional course materials, MOOCs provide interactive user forums to support interactions between students and professors. MOOCs can encourage communication among participants who bring a variety of viewpoints, knowledge, and skills to the course; inspire people to try on subjects that they wouldnt otherwise pursue or even try on education itself; provide multiple ways to engage with course material, encouraging multimodal (多方式的) learning that can address the needs of learners with a variety of learning styles; and inspire better teaching and use of technologies for face-to-face courses.

慕课是一种网络课程，它旨在通过网络实现广泛参与和开放接入。慕课是远程教育迈出的最新一步，现已在高等教育领域迅速引领潮流。通过这些课程，大学可以扩 大阻碍的范围，从阻碍成千上万住在城里付学费的学生，扩展到惠及全球上百万的学生。除了拥有传统的课程材料，慕课还给使用者提供互动论坛，支持学生和讲师 之间的交流。慕课可以促进参与者之间的交流，使得多种观点、知识和技能涌现到课堂上来；它鼓舞人们尝试之前不可能尝试的课程，甚至是尝试新的教育方式；它 提供多种学习课程材料的方式，鼓舞多方式学习，以各种学习风格满足学习者的需求；另外，慕课促进教学的改善，使技术在面对面授课中得以更好地应用。

汉译英

近年来，随着互联网技术的开展，我国的数字化教育资源建立获得了宏大的成就。特别多高校建立了本人的数字化学习平台，数字化教学在教育中发挥着越来越大的作 用。和传统教学方式相比，数字化教学方式有特别大的优势。一方面，数字化教学使教学资源得以全球共享；另一方面，它拓展了学习者的学习时间和空间，人们可以 随时随地通过互联网进入数字化的虚拟学校学习。这使得人类从接受一次性教育走向终身学习成为可能。

In recent years, with the development of Internet technology, the construction of digital education resources of our country has made great achievements. Many universities have set up their own digital learning platforms, and digital teaching is playing an increasingly important role in education. Compared with the traditional way of teaching, the digital way has a lot of advantages. On one hand, digital teaching makes global sharing of teaching resources possible; on the other hand, it expands the learners study time and space to learn, allowing people to get access to the digital virtual schools through the Internet anytime and anywhere. These advantages make it possible for people to shift from one-time learning to lifelong learning.

Unit 3

英译汉

As an important part of the American culture value system, individualism is admired by most American people. Americans view the family as a group whose primary purpose is to advance the happiness of individual members. In contrast to many other cultures, the primary responsibility of the American family member is not to advance the family as a group, either socially or economically. What would be best for the family is not usually considered to be as important as what would be best for the individual. With freedom comes the responsibility to care for oneself, for it is the freedom of choice that carries with it the responsibility: to accept the consequences of the choices. Many Americans give their children a lot of freedom because they want them to be independent and self-reliant. Along with the American emphasis on individual freedom, the belief in equality between parents and children also has had a strong effect on the family.

作为美国文化价值体系的一个重要组成部分，个人主义遭到大多数美国人的推崇。美国人认为家庭作为一

个群体，其主要目的是促进家庭各成员的幸福。与许多 其他文化相比，美国家庭成员的主要职责，不是在社会上或经济上提高整个家庭的地位。人们通常认为，什么是对个人最好的要比什么是对家庭最好的更为重要。与 自由相伴而来的是照顾本人的责任，由于所选择的自由承载了责任，即必须接受本人的选择所带来的后果。许多美国人给他们的小孩特别多的自由，由于他们希望小孩 们可以独立和自给自足。在美国人强调个人自由的同时，父母与小孩间平等的信念也对美国家庭产生了宏大的阻碍。

汉译英

孝道（filial piety）是中国古代社会的根本道德标准（code of ethics）。中国人把孝视为人格之本、家庭和睦之本、国家安康之本。由于孝道是儒家伦理思想的核心，它成了中国社会千百年来维系家庭关系的道德准那么。 它毫无疑征询是中华民族的一种传统美德。孝道文化是一个复合概念，内容丰富，涉及面广。它既有文化理念，又有制度礼仪（institutional etiquette）。一般来说，它指社会要求子女对父母应尽的义务，包括尊敬、关爱、赡养老人等等。孝道是陈旧的东方文明之根本。

Filial piety is the basic code of ethics in ancient Chinese society. Chinese people consider filial piety as the essence of a persons integrity, family harmony, and the nations well-being. With filial piety being the core of Confucian ethics, it has been the moral standard for the Chinese society to maintain the family relationship for thousands of years. Its undoubtedly a traditional Chinese virtue. The culture of filial piety is a complex concept, rich in content and wide in range. It includes not only cultural ideas but also institutional etiquettes. Generally speaking, it refers to the obligation of children to their parents required by the society, including respect, care, support for the elderly and so forth. Filial piety is fundamental to the ancient Oriental civilization.

Unit 4

英译汉

Valentines Day on February 14 is celebrated in various American and European countries. It is a holiday of love and romance usually by exchanging valentines or love tokens between lovers. There are different origins regarding the festival. One legend goes that the Romans put a priest named Saint Valentine into prison for refusing to believe in the Roman gods. On February 14, Valentine was put to death not only because he was Christian, but also because he had cured the jailers daughter of blindness. The night before he was executed he wrote her a farewell letter signed From your Valentine. Later, February 14 became a holiday for people to show affection for their loved ones Today, people celebrate Valentines Day in different ways, sending greeting cards and flowers, giving chocolate or other gifts, or joining in romantic dinners. The holiday has now become popular all over the world. In China the festival is also becoming increasingly popular with young people.

美洲和欧洲各国都会庆祝2月14日的情人节。这是一个充满爱情和浪漫的节日，恋人之间通常都会交换情人卡和爱情信物。关于这个节日的起源有着不同的说法。 一个传说是罗马人把一个叫圣瓦伦丁的神父关进了监狱，由于他回绝相信罗马神。2月14日那天，瓦伦丁被处死，不仅由于他是基督徒，而且由于他曾治愈了一位 监狱看守双目失明的女儿。他在被处死的前一天晚上给她写了一封署名“你的瓦伦丁”的辞别信。后来，2月14日就成了一个人们可以为他们的情人展示感情的节 日。现在，人们以不同的方式庆祝情人节，他们发送贺卡、鲜花，赠送巧克力或其他礼品，或共进浪漫的晚餐。现在这个节日已流行世界各地。在中

国，这个节日也 正越来越受年轻人的欢迎。

汉译英

农历七月初七是中国的七夕节 (Qixi Festival)，是中国传统节日中最具浪漫色彩的一个节日。一些大的商家每年都举办不同的活动，年轻人也送礼物给他们的情人。因此，七夕节被认为是中 国的“情人节”(Valentines Day)。七夕节来自牛郎与织女（Cowherd and Weaving Maid）的传说。相传，每年的这个夜晚，天上的织女都会与牛郎相会。因此，在七夕的夜晚，人们可以看到牛郎织女在银河 （the Milky Way）相会。小姐们也会在这一天晚上向天上的织女乞求智慧，以获得美满姻缘。但随着时代的变迁，这些活动正在消失，唯有标志着忠贞爱情的牛郎织女的传说 不断流传民间。

July 7th on the Chinese calendar is Chinese Qixi Festival, the most romantic of all the traditional Chinese holidays. Every year, some big businesses organize various activities, and young people send gifts to their lovers. As a result, the Qixi Festival is considered to be Chinese Valentines Day. The Qixi Festival is derived from the legend of Cowherd and Weaving Maid. The legend holds that on this particular night every year the Weaving Maid in heaven meets with Cowherd. So, people can see Cowherd and Weaving Maid meeting in the Milky Way on the night of Qixi. On this night, girls would also beg Weaving Maid for some wisdom for a happy marriage. But, with the changing of times, these activities are diminishing. All that remains is the legend of Cowherd and Weaving Maid, a sign of faithful love, continuously circulated among the folk.

Unit 5 Translation

英译汉

The Age of Discovery, also called the Age of Exploration, is a historical period of European global exploration that started in the early 15th century and continued until the 18th century. It is usually regarded as a bridge between the Middle Ages and the Modern era, in the context of emerging western imperialism and economic competition between European kingdoms seeking wealth through the establishment of trade routes and colonies. Among many great explorers during this period, the most outstanding one was Christopher Columbus since he discovered the New World. European overseas expansion led to the rise of colonial empires, with the contact between the Old and New Worlds producing the exchange: a wide transfer of plants, animals, foods, culture, and so forth. This represented one of the most significant global events concerning ecology, agriculture, and culture in history. European exploration allowed the global mapping of the world, resulting in a new world-view and distant civilizations acknowledging each other.

大觉察年代，也被称为大勘探年代，是欧洲进展全球勘查的一个历史时期，始于15世纪初并不断持续到18世纪。这一时期通常被认为是中世纪和近代之间的桥 梁，当时西方帝国主义刚兴起，欧洲各王国之间正在经济上互相竞争，他们想通过建立贸易道路和殖民地来寻找财富。在这一时期众多伟大的探险家中，最出色的是 克里斯托弗?哥伦布，由于他觉察了新大陆欧洲的海外扩张导致了殖民帝国的崛起，旧大陆与新大陆的接触也促成了两边的互相交换：大量的植物、动物、食物、 文化等得到迁移。这代表了历史上生态、农业和文化在全球范围内最严峻的活动之一。欧洲大勘探让绘制全球性的世界地图成为可能，从而使人们看到一个新的世界 与陈旧的文明正遥相照应。

汉译英

丝绸之路（Silk Road）是我国古代一条连接中国和欧亚大陆（Eurasia）的交通线路，由于这条商路以丝绸贸

易为主，故称丝绸之路。作为国际贸易的通道和文化交 流的桥梁， 丝绸之路有效地促进了东西方经济文化交流和开展，对世界文明进程有着深远阻碍。当前，在新的历史条件下，我国提出了一带一路One Belt, One Road）（即丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路）的战略设想。一带一路以合作共赢为核心，强调相关各国的互利共赢和共同开展。这一战略 一经提出即遭到沿线各国的积极响应。

The Silk Road is a traffic route in the ancient times connecting China and Eurasia. This trade route focuses on the trade of silk, hence the name the Silk Road. As an international trade channel and a bridge of cultural exchanges, the Silk Road effectively improved the economic and cultural exchanges and development between the East and the West, exerting a profound impact on the progress of the world civilization. Nowadays, under the new historical circumstances, our country proposes the strategy of One Belt, One Road (namely the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road). The strategy of One Belt, One Road focuses on cooperation and mutual benefits, emphasizing mutual benefits, win-win, as well as common development of the related countries. Once proposed, the strategy has received positive responses from the related countries along the road.

Unit 6

英译汉

Minimalism (极简主义) is about getting rid of excess stuff and keeping only what you need. Minimalist living, in simplest terms, is to live with as less as possible, mentally and physically until you achieve peace of mind. Results that ensue are less stress, more time, and increased happiness. Minimalists like to say that theyre living more meaningfully, more deliberately, and that the minimalist lifestyle allows them to focus on whats more important in life: friends, hobbies, travel, experiences. Of course, minimalism doesnt mean theres anything inherently wrong with owning material possessions. Todays problem seems to be that we tend to give too much meaning to our things, often forsaking (抛弃) our health, our relationships, our passions, our personal growth, and our desire to contribute beyond ourselves. In addition to its application in peoples daily life, minimalism also finds application in many creative disciplines, including art, architecture, design, dance, film making, theater, music, fashion, photography and literature.

极简主义是指去掉多余的，仅保存需要的部分。用最简单的话来说，极简的生活方式，确实是生活得越简单越好，直到获得心灵的平静，这种简单既是精神上的，也是 身体上的。如此的生活方式会减轻压力，带来更多自由时间，并加强幸福感。极简主义者会说，他们生活得更有意义了，更沉着了，极简的生活方式让他们着眼于生 活中更重要的事物：朋友、爱好、旅游和体验。因此，极简主义并不意味着拥有物质财富从本质上来讲有什么不对。现在的征询题大概在于，我们往往太注重所拥有的 东西，而常常抛弃了健康、人与人之间的关系、我们的热情、个人成长，以及协助别人的愿望。极简主义除了在我们的日常生活中可以得到应用，还存在于特别多创意 领域，包括艺术、建筑、、舞蹈、电影、戏剧、音乐、时髦、摄影和文学等。

汉译英

国民幸福指数（National Happiness Index，NHI）是衡量人们幸福感的一种指数，也是衡量一个国家或地区经济开展、居民生活与幸福水平的指标工具。随着中国经济的高速增长，中国政府越 来越注重人民群众生活质量和幸福指数的提升。政府注重改善民生，努力改善人民群众的经济情况，满足人民群众日益增长的物质文化需求。当前，中国政府倡导释 放改革红利，让人民群众得到更多实惠。所有这些都将有效促进我国国民幸福指数不断提升。

篇二：第二册课后翻译练习

第二册课后翻译练习答案

Unit 1

1. 他走得慢是由于腿有缺点。(because of)

He walks slowly because of his bad leg.

2. 他尽管病的特别重，但仍然来参加会。(despite)

He came to the meeting despite his serious illness.

3. 他确保同样的错误今后不再发生。(see to it that)

He saw to it that the same mistake didn’t happen again.

4. 现在他们之间的理解多了一些，他们相处的就好些了。(now that)

Now that they’ve got to know each other a little better, they get along just fine.

5. 现在我觉察本人被五六个男小孩围住了。(find oneself)

Then I found myself surrounded by half a dozen boys.

6. 在这幸福的时刻，我向你致以最美妙的祝愿。(on…occasion)

I send you my best wishes on this happy occasion.

Unit 2

1. 昨天我去牙科医生那儿将我的一颗蛀牙拔掉了。(pull out)

I went to the dentist yesterday to have a bad/decayed tooth pulled out.

2. 事物的开展从根本上讲是由内因决定的。(depend on)

The development of things depends fundamentally on internal causes.

3. 【谚】条条道路通罗马。(lead to)

All roads lead to Rome.

4. 我本来打算今天给你这本书的，但是我不记得把书带来了。(mean to/intend to)

I meant to give you that book today, but I forgot to bring it with me.

5. 我差点儿接受他的意见。(on the verge of)

I was on the verge of accepting his advice.

6. 离婚可不是儿戏/离婚这档子事可不能等闲视之。(take… lightly)

Divorce is not a matter you can afford to take lightly.

Unit 3

1. 缺乏决心导致了他的失败。(contribute to)

Lack of confidence contributed to his failure.

2. 面对严峻的疾病，他表现出了宏大的勇气。(in the face of)

She has shown great courage in the face of her serious illness.

3. 我们得出结论，她讲的是真话。(come to)

We came to the conclusion that she was telling the truth.

4. 他的秘书没有告诉他那次会议的情况。(fail to)

His secretary failed to tell him about the meeting.