1、每日一练)2023年人教版高中英语必修一Unit4NaturalDisasters重点知识点大全 单选题 1、The novel published last month, ________ author was a 15-year-old girl, is a best-seller. A.whichB.whoC.whenD.whose 答案:D 考查定语从句。句意:这本小说上个月出版,作者是一个15岁的女孩,是一本畅销书。分析句子,设空处引导的是定语从句,从句中缺少定语,修饰先行词the novel。故选D。 2、________in a story book,
2、the girl didn’t notice the stranger. A.BuryingB.BuriedC.To buryD.Having buried 答案:B 考查非谓语动词。句意:沉迷于故事书中,这个女孩没有注意到这个陌生人。分析句子结构可知,动词bury在句中作状语成分,和主语the girl之间是被动关系,需使用过去分词buried,be buried in专心于。故选B。 3、Looking at green, growing things can put people in a better _______. A.shelterB.remarkC.moodD.zon
3、e 答案:C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:看着绿色,生长的东西可以让人心情更好。A. shelter庇护所; B. remark评论; C. mood情绪; D. zone区域。短语:put sb. in a ...mood“使某人有……的情绪”,故选C。 4、Children who are not active or________diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. A.whoB.of whomC.whoseD.that 答案:C 考查关系词。句意:不运动或饮食中脂肪含量高的儿童体重会迅速增加。分析句子可知,此处为连词whos
4、e引导的限制性定语从句,先行词Children在从句中作定语成分,和从句中的主语diet为所属关系。故选C项。 5、Was it in the village ______ we used to live in ______ the accident happened? A.that; whereB.which; that C.where; thatD.which; where 答案:B 考查定语从句和强调句。句意:事故是在我们过去住的那个村庄发生的吗?根据句子结构,第一空为which引导的限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the village,先行词在定语从句中作live in的宾语,应用
5、关系代词which引导;分析句子,全句使用了强调句型“It + is/was + 被强调部分 + that + 句子其它部分”的一般疑问句形式,本句强调的是原句中地点状语“in the village where we used to live in”,句子其它部分由that引出。故选B。 6、The close relationship among defense contractors, the Pentagon (美国五角大楼) and politicians has become a US monster ________seeks unceasing war over peacef
6、ul coexistence. A.whoB.thatC.for whichD.whose 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:这些军火商与五角大楼和美国政客之间的密切关系,已经演化成了一个庞然大物,它只想要无尽的战争,而不是和平共处。句中先行词为 a US monster,指物,在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which或that引导。故选B。 7、Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with every human weakness stood at the point in history magic ended and scien
7、ce began. A.who; whereB.which; whereC.who; whenD.which; that 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:牛顿被证明是一位天才科学家,有着人类的种种弱点,他站在了历史上魔术结束、科学开始的时刻。分析句子可知,两个设空处都引导定语从句;第一空处关系词代替先行词Newton在从句中充当主语,应用关系代词who,第二空处关系词代替先行词point在从句中充当地点状语,应用关系副词where,故选A项。 8、I’ll ask the teacher about the subjunctive mood______I’m very puzzled a
8、bout; and that’s also ______ most of our classmates have doubt. A.which; whatB.why; thatC.which; whereD.that; how 答案:C 考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:我会问老师关于虚拟语气的问题,我对此很困惑;这也是我们大多数同学怀疑的地方。“I’m very puzzled about”是定语从句,从句中缺少宾语,先行词“the subjunctive mood”是物,因此第一空用关系代词which/that引导定语从句,“most of our classmates have dou
9、bt”是表语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,根据语境可知,句子表示“这也是我们大多数同学怀疑的地方”,因此空格处是“......的地方”,因此第二空用where引导表语从句,故选C。 9、______ run fast should take part in the 400-meter race in the sports meet tomorrow. A.Anyone whoB.Whoever C.No matter whoD.Those who 答案:D 考查定语从句。句意:那些跑得快的人应该参加明天运动会的400米赛跑。结合句意和句子结构可知,空处应处理为定语从句或者主语从句,故排
10、除C;anyone作先行词时,关系代词who是单数概念,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故排除A;whoever引导主语从句作主语时看作第三人称单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故排除B;those作先行词时,关系代词who是复数概念,谓语动词用原形,故D项符合题意。故选D。 小提示: 10、We packed all the books in the boxes________they wouldn't get damaged. A.as long asB.as ifC.in caseD.so that 答案:D 考查连词辨析。句意:我们把所有的书都打包放进箱子里,以便它们不被损坏
11、A. as long as只要;B. as if好像;C. in case以防,万一;D. so that以便。根据句意可知,设空处后的句意是前面句子的目的,因此“so that”符合句意。故选D。 小提示: 11、It was in the lab ________ was taken charge of by Professor Black ________ they did the experiment. A.that; whereB.which; that C.whom; thatD.which; where 答案:B 考查定语从句和强调句型。句意:他们是在Black教授
12、负责的实验室里做实验的。分析句子可知,第一空引导定语从句,先行词是lab,关系词在从句中作主语,应用that或which引导;第二空和句首的It was构成强调句型,被强调部分是地点状语in the lab,故此处用that。故选B项。 12、The project savings from cooling is about $4,000 a year on a new roof ________ life span is about 50 percent longer than that of a traditional roof. A.whatB.whoseC.whichD.such
13、 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:这个项目在新屋顶冷却方面每年可节省约4000美元,新屋顶使用寿命比传统屋顶长50%左右。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是a new roof,关系词和life span之间是所属关系,应用whose引导,在从句中作定语。故选B项。 13、The Battle at Lake Chang jin (《长津湖》) is the most inspiring movie _______ I have ever seen. A.whenB.whichC.whatD.that 答案:D 考查定语从句。句意:《长津湖》是我看过的最鼓舞人心的电影。分析句子可
14、知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“movie”,指物,前面有形容词最高级修饰,在从句中作宾语,故应用关系代词“that”引导从句。故选D项。 14、In recent years, we have seen large areas of wetland ______ by human activity. A.damageB.damagedC.damagingD.to damage 答案:B 考查非谓语动词。句意:近年来,我们看到大面积的湿地被人类活动破坏。damage与large areas of wetland是逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,作宾语补足语。故选B。 15、In 19
15、63 the World Food Programme was set up, one of________purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A.itsB.whoseC.whomD.which 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:1963年,联合国成立了世界粮食计划署,其目的之一是缓解世界范围内的饥荒。分析句子可知,此处包含一个非限定性定语从句,由句意可知,句中先行词 the World Food Programme在非限制性定语从句中作名词purposes的定语,所以用关系代词whose引导从句。故选B。 16、When people
16、 talk about the cities of the U.S., the first________comes into mind is New York. A.oneB.thatC.whichD.of them 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:当人们谈论美国的城市时,首先想到的是纽约。A.one 一个;B.that 那个;C. which 那个;D. of them 他们的。分析句子结构可知,这是一个定语从句,先行词是the first是序数词 ,应该用关系代词that引导从句,且that在从句中作主语。故选B项。 17、We all like the teachers ___
17、class is interesting and creative. A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.that 答案:C 考查定语从句关系代词。句意:我们都喜欢那些在课堂上很有趣和很有创意的老师。A. who谁(疑问词可引导名词性从句;引导定语从句,在定语从句中指代人做主语); B. whom谁(宾格,可引导名词性从句和定语从句,在定语从句中指代人做宾语); C. whose 谁的(疑问词可引导名词性从句;引导定语从句,在定语从句中指代人或物做定语语);D. that那个(可引导名词性从句不作成分;引导定语从句,在定语从句中做主语或宾语)。分析句子,该空需要一个关系代词引
18、导定语从句,修饰限定先行词teachers,定语从句中主系表成分完整,需要关系代词whose作先行词teachers的定语。故选C项。 18、Teenagers nowadays are a “technology” generation, different from those ________ their parents used to be. A.whomB.whatC.whoD.that 答案:C 考查定语从句。句意:现在的青少年是“科技”一代,与他们父母那代人不同。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是those,指人,关系词在从句中作表语,根据定语从句引导词的特殊用法,
19、先行词为those,引导词使用who。故选C。 19、The girl ______ injured in the accident came back safe and sound. A.who we supposedB.whom we supposed she was C.who we supposed wasD.whom we suppose 答案:C 考查定语从句。句意:我们认为在事故中受伤的那个女孩安全归来了。分析句子结构可知,本句为定语从句,we supposed为插入语,句中先行词为The girl,在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词who引导,且与injure之间为被
20、动关系,应用被动语态。故选C。 20、It seems ________ nothing would ever stop her from continuing this work. A.as ifB.even ifC.in caseD.if 答案:A 考查连接词。句意:似乎没有什么能阻止她继续这项工作。A.as if 好像;B.even if即使;C. in case假使;D. if如果。It seem as if ...“看起来好像...,似乎...”,as if引导表语从句。故选A。 21、I have bought the same dress ________ she is
21、 wearing. A.asB.thatC.whichD.what 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:我买了一件和她穿的一样的衣服。分析可知,空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词dress被the same修饰,且在从句中作宾语,只能用关系代词as引导。故选A。 小提示: 22、This is the best hotel in the city ________ I know. A.itB.whereC.thatD.which 答案:C 考查定语从句。句意:这是我所知道的这个城市最好的旅馆。分析句子结构可知,空处需用关系词引导定语从句,先行词是hotel,指物,关系词在定语从句中作宾语
22、所以空处需用关系代词that/which引导定语从句,又因先行词被最高级best修饰,所以空处需用关系代词that引导定语从句。故选C。 23、We study in a classroom ______ windows face to the south. A.whoseB.whichC.whereD.that 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:我们在一间窗户朝南的教室里学习。本句考查定语从句,先行词为a classroom,关系词在从句中充当定语成分,表示the classroom's,应用whose。故选A项。 24、With much heat __________ from
23、the sun, the panels __________ it into energy __________the building. A.capturing; dominate; poweredB.capturing; convert; powered C.captured; dominate; poweringD.captured; convert; powering 答案:D 考查过去分词、现在分词和固定搭配。句意:利用从太阳捕获的大量热量,电池板将其转化为能源,为建筑提供动力。分析句子可知,第一空作宾补,表示与宾语heat之间的被动关系,所以应填其过去分词形式capture
24、d;第二空填谓语动词,句子描述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,convert...into...为固定搭配,表示“将......转换为......”,符合语境,dominate“统治,支配”,不合语境;第三空填现在分词powering作后置定语,表示“提供动力”,修饰名词energy,表示与其逻辑主语energy之间的主动关系。故选D项。 25、We should do all ________ is useful to people. A.whoB.thatC.itD.which 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:我们应该做一切对人们有帮助的事。A. who谁;B. that那个,引导从句
25、C. it它;D. which哪个。根据句子结构可知,此句是定语从句,先行词是all,排除D。引导词用that,在从句中作主语。故选B。 26、But since test scores still________gaokao(college entrance exam), it may be difficult to completely________private tutoring institutions that help students cram for exams. A.deliver … wrap upB.decide … stick to C.dominate …
26、root outD.depend … throw out 答案:C 考查动词(短语)词义辨析。句意:但由于高考成绩仍占主导地位,可能很难彻底根除帮助学生备考的私人辅导机构。A. deliver 投递、wrap up包裹、圆满完成;B. decide决定、stick to坚持;C. dominate占主导地位、root out根除;D. depend取决于、throw out扔掉。根据句意,因为高考仍然以考试成绩为主,所以很难彻底根除帮助学生备考的私人辅导机构,所以第一空表示“占主导地位”;第二空表示“根除”,故选C。 27、As is often suggested, we should
27、 try to deal with everything in a peaceful way rather than by means of ______. A.forceB.strengthC.powerD.energy 答案:A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:正如人们经常建议的那样,我们应该尝试用和平的方式而不是用武力来解决一切问题。A. force武力;B. strength力量,优势;C. power权力;D. energy精力。根据“ in a peaceful way”和“rather than”可知,此处表示用和平的方式而不是用武力来解决一切问题。故选A。 28、During
28、the pandemic, all patients and their families, without ________, must carry their ID card and show their health QR code before entering the hospital. A.permissionB.effortC.exceptionD.access 答案:C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:在疾病大流行期间,所有患者及其家属,无一例外,在进入医院前都必须携带身份证并出示健康二维码。A. permission许可;B. effort努力;C. exception例外;D
29、 access通道。根据句意和句中“all patients and their families”可知,句中强调的是所有患者及其家属,无一例外,“exception”意为“例外”,名词词性,“without exception”意为“无一例外”。故选C项。 29、The experience in Paris gave the young musician a unique________ into the influence of music on children, so he founded a school to teach children to play the piano.
30、 A.privilegeB.libertyC.insightD.emergency 答案:C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:在巴黎的经历让这位年轻的音乐家对音乐对儿童的影响有了独特的见解,所以他创办了一所学校教孩子们弹钢琴。A. privilege特权;B. liberty自由;C. insight洞察力,见解;D. emergency紧急情况。根据“the influence of music on children”可知,此处表示这位年轻的音乐家对音乐对儿童的影响有了独特的见解。故选C。 30、When the big earthquake happened, in less than
31、a minute, the whole city lay ______. A.in ruinsB.in troubleC.in dangerD.in shock 答案:A 考查固定短语辨析。句意;大地震发生时,不到一分钟,整个城市就成了一片废墟。in ruins严重受损;破败不堪;in trouble处于不幸中;in danger处于危险中;in shock震惊。地震发生导致整个城市成为废墟。故选A。 小提示: 完成句子 31、We are going to learn some Chinese poems ____________ in the Tang Dynasty. 我们
32、将学习在唐朝时期创作出来的一些中国诗歌。 答案:that/which were written 考查定语从句和时态。表达“创作”应使用动词write。分析句子可知,空处应使用that或which引导的限制性定语从句,修饰先行词poems(复数,指物),并在从句中充当主语成分。由于poems与动词write之间是被动的关系,且write这个动作发生在过去,应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填that/which were written。 32、知识就是力量。 ________ is ________. 答案: Knowledge power 考查名词。首字母大写,表示“
33、知识”应用不可数名词knowledge做主语;表示“力量”应用不可数名词power作表语。故答案为①Knowledge ②power。 33、After the terrible earthquake, the homeless need___________________. 可怕的地震过后,无家可归的人不仅需要食物和水,还需要合适的住所。 答案:not only food and water but also proper shelter 考查并列连词和名词。根据句意,空处应用并列连词“not only…but also”并列名词“食物和水”food and water(不可数名词
34、和名词短语“合适的住所”proper shelter(此处shelter为抽象名词,不可数)。故填not only food and water but also proper shelter。 34、1976年唐山发生的地震震惊了全世界。 The earthquake ______________ in 1976 in Tangshan shocked the people all over the world. 答案:which/that happened 考查定语从句和时态。分析句子并结合句意可知,本句为定语从句,需要填入定语从句的关系词和从句的谓语happen(发生),关系词
35、指代先行词earthquake(指物)并在从句中作主语,应该用that或which引导,时间状语in 1976表明用一般过去时,故填which/that happened。 35、他的母亲听到这个消息感到震惊。 It ________________ to hear the news. 答案:shocked his mother 考查时态。根据句意可知,谓语为动词shock,时态使用一般过去时,it作形式主语,后面的不定式to hear the news作真正的主语。故填shocked his mother。 36、一句多译 令全世界震惊的是,这架飞机起飞几分钟后就坠毁了。 1
36、 was that the plane crashed just minutes after take-off. (主语从句) 2 .The plane crashed just minutes after take-off, ________.(定语从句) 答案: What shocked the world which shocked the world 1 .考查主语从句。“令……震惊”应该翻译为shock,根据要求用主语从句翻译“令某人……是”,应该用连接代词what引导这个主语从句;根据后面的was,主语从句应该用过去时。故翻译为What sh
37、ocked the world。 2 .考查定语从句。“令……震惊”应该翻译为shock,根据要求用定语从句翻译“飞机坠毁”这件事“令世界震惊”,要用一个关系代词代指逗号前的“飞机坠毁”这件事,并且引导非限制性定语从句,只能用which;根据前面主句的时态是一般过去时,从句应该用一般过去时。故翻译为which shocked the world。 37、那座桥有200米长。 ________________ the bridge is 200 metres. 答案:The length of 考查名词。根据句意可知,“长”译为“ length ”在句子中做主语。此处表示“桥的长度”,
38、故译为“the length of the bridge”。故填the length of。 38、在紧急情况下,我们应该保持镇静,这点至关重要。 We should ______________ in case of emergency, which matters much. 答案:calm ourselves down 考查固定短语。固定短语:calm down 冷静下来;根据汉语提示,本句主语为we,宾语也是说我们,所以宾语用ourselves,据此可知,空白处填calm ourselves down,故填calm ourselves down。 39、随时都有急诊服务,并提
39、供医疗咨询。 The emergency services were ____________ with medical advice. 答案:on hand 考查固定短语。根据句意可知此处需要表达“随时,在手边”,是固定短语on hand。故填on hand。 40、The company __________________ as a result of the accident. 由于那次事故,该公司遭受了重大损失。 答案:suffered a great loss 考查一般过去时和固定短语。空处意为“遭受了重大损失”,为固定短语suffer a great loss;su
40、ffer在句中做谓语成分,a great loss在句中做宾语成分;由语境可知,那次事故发生在过去,遭受了重大损失也发生在过去,谓语应用一般过去时。故填suffered a great loss。 语法填空 41、. (2022年新高考I卷)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the a
41、rea. (用适当的词填空) 答案:that 考查定语从句。句意:大熊猫国家公园旨在为生活在大熊猫范围内的所有物种提供更有力的保护,并大大改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句,先行词为species,且先行词被all修饰,从句缺少主语,只能用关系代词that。故填that。 42、Just before September, Miller _________(strike)by a car and lost his right arm. (所给词的适当形式填空) 答案:was struck 考查时态和语态。句意:就在9月之前,米勒被一辆汽车撞倒,失去了右臂。根据
42、时间状语Just before September可知,用一般过去时。主语Miller与strike之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。根据句意,故填was struck。 43、In ancient China lived an artist ________ paintings were almost lifelike. (用适当的词填空) 答案:whose 考查定语从句。句意:中国古代有一位画家,他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist,且先行词在从句中作定语,故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 44、The boy and the dog ________
43、are in the picture are very lovely. (按要求补全句子) 答案:that 考查定语从句。句意:照片里的男孩和狗都很可爱。此处为定语从句修饰先行词The boy and the dog,先行词在从句中作主语,且既有人又有物,只能用that引导。故填that。 45、The park was full of people,____ (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine. (所给词的适当形式填空) 答案:enjoying 考查现在分词。句意:公园里有很多人,他们在阳光下玩得很开心。分析句子结构可知,____ (enjoy)
44、themselves in the sunshine作people的定语, enjoy与其逻辑主语people之间是主动关系,用现在分词,所以填enjoying。 46、The soldiers were sent to the earthquake stricken area immediately to save the people ________ (trap) in the ruins. (所给词的适当形式填空) 答案:trapped 考查非谓语动词。句意:士兵们立即被派往地震灾区,营救被困在废墟中的人们。句中谓语动词为were sent,所以此处的动词trap要以非谓语的形式
45、出现。动词trap和其逻辑主语the people之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词trapped作后置定语,修饰the people。故填trapped。 47、One of the most important buildings in this___________(ruin) city is a public bath. (所给词的适当形式填空) 答案:ruined 考查非谓语动词。句意:这座严重受损的城市中最重要的建筑之一是公共浴池。分析句子结构可知,空格处应填入定语修饰city“城市”。ruin意为“毁坏,破坏”,该句中的city与ruin之间为逻辑上被动关系,故用过去分词rui
46、ned的形式来作定语,也可将ruined用作形容词,意为“荒废的,严重受损的”。故填ruined。 48、We were relieved to learn that all the miners________(be rescued)from the accident. (所给词的适当形式填空) 答案:had been rescued 考查时态。句意:得知所有的矿工都已从事故中被救出,我们松了一口气。此处从句表示过去的过去应用过去完成时,且为被动语态。故填had been rescued。 49、It was with the help of the local guide that
47、 the mountain climber ________ (rescue). (所给词的适当形式填空) 答案:was rescued 考查动词时态语态。句意:在当地导游的帮助下这名登山者被救了。分析句子可知,rescue是谓语动词,与主语climber是被动关系,用被动语态;整个句子是强调句型,由was可知用一般过去时,且主语the mountain climber是单数,故填was rescued。 小提示: 50、These plants must _______(shelter) from direct sunlight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 答案:be sheltered 考查动词的语态。句意:这些植物必须被遮蔽以避免阳光直接照射。结合句意These plants与shelter之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,情态动词must之后应用动词原形,空处应填be sheltered。故填be sheltered。






