though-although的区别.doc

though,although的区别
1. although较正式，语气强;though较常用。现代英语中两者可随意换用。如：
Though he was tired， he went on working。 =Although he was tired, he went on working.
2. although和though引导的从句放在主句前后均可，有时还可放在句中.如：
He often helps me with my English (al）though he is quite busy. 尽管他相当忙，但是还常常帮我学英语。
Although many difficulties are still ahead， we are determined to make greater achievements。 尽管在前面的道路上还有许多困难，但是，我们决心要取得更大的成就.
3. although/though引导的从句不能与but/however连用，但可与yet/still连用。不能说：Though he was old， but he worked hard。 应把but去掉.当然，保留but而去Though也可.
4. though有时指假设的情况，不指事实，从句用虚拟语气;although不能这样用。如：
Einstein cared little for money， though he could have been very rich. 尽管爱因斯坦本可以成为非常富有的人，但他对金钱却不感兴趣。（though引导的情况是假设的而不是事实）
He will never do such a thing though he (should） be forced to. 即使强迫他,他也决不会干这样的事。（注意：不能用is)
5. though引导的从句，可用倒装语序，即把从句中的表语或状语放到though之前;although却不能这样用。如：
Young though she is, yet she is fit for the job。 （=Young as she is， yet she is fit for the job。)尽管她很年轻，可她还是胜任这项工作的。
6. though从句的主谓语若是系表结构时，可以省略从句主语和be动词.如：
Though alone， he is happy. 虽然他独自一人,却很幸福。
注意：Though loving him, I can not help him。 是错句。因为从句不是be构成的系表结构作谓语。应改为：Though I love him， I can not help him。 或 Though fond of him， I can not help him。
7. though还可与别的词结合使用，如even though， as though等；although则无这种搭配功能。如：
I’ll go and help them even though I stop my work。 即使我停下自己的活不干，我也要去帮助他们。
8. though还可作并列连词,相当于and yet（然而,可是),它引导的分句常对另一分句起补充说明作用;although则无这种用法.如:
I wouldn’t like to go to the evening， though they will invite me to。 我不想去参加晚会，可是他们要请我去。
They now can do most of the things people can do, though most scientists agree that computers can not completely take the place of humans. 人们能做的大部分工作,计算机现在都能做，然而大多数科学家认为,计算机并不能完全代替人类。
9. though可用作副词，放在词尾.although却不可这样用.如:
He said he would come, he didn't， though。 他说要来却没来.

although 与 though的用法区别

一、用作连词

表示“虽然”，两者大致同义，可换用，只是 although 比 though 更为正式：

Though ［Although］ it was raining,we went there. 虽然下着雨，但我们还是去了那儿.

Though [Although］ it was barely four o’clock, the lights were already on. 尽管才四点钟，灯已经亮了.

Though [Although］ we are poor， we are still happy。 我们虽然穷，仍然很快活。

二、用作副词

although 一般不用作副词，而 though 可用作副词，且一般放在句末(不放在句首）,意为“可是”、“不过”:

It’s hard work; I enjoy it though。 工作很辛苦,可是我乐意干。

He is looking fit， though。 但他看起来很健康。

You can count on him, though. 不过你可以指靠他.

三、用于习语

在 as though（好像，仿佛)，even though（即使，纵然）等固定短语中不能用 although:

She closed her eyes as though she were tired。 她闭上眼，仿佛很疲劳似的。

We felt as though we had witnessed the whole thing. 我们感到仿佛目击了整个这件事似的。

He is an honest man， I must say， even though I have opposed him。 尽管我反对过他，我还得说他是一个诚实的人.

She was always afraid of men, even though she had lots of boyfriends.尽管她有很多男朋友，她总是害怕男人。

四、用于倒装

though 引导的让步状语从句可用部分倒装的形式(注意：倒装后位于句首的名词之前不用冠词）,但 although 一般不这样用：

Poor though I am, I can afford it。 我虽穷，但这东西还是买得起的.

Child though he was， he did quite well. 他虽是孩子，但干得很好。

另外注意：
1. although较正式,语气强
Although he was tired， he went on working.

2。 although引导的从句放在主句前后均可，有时还可放在句中.
Although many difficulties are still ahead， we are determined to make greater achievements. 尽管在前面的道路上还有许多困难，但是，我们决心要取得更大的成就。
He often helps me with my English although he is quite busy. 尽管他相当忙，但是还常常帮我学英语.

3. although引导的从句不能与but, however连用，但可与yet, still连用。不能说：Although he was old, but he worked hard. 应把but去掉。当然,保留but而去Although也可.

注意：although 的几不:

although不能指假设的情况
although不能作并列连词
although不能作副词，放在词尾

区别：①although和though同义,在一般情况下，可以互换使用。只是though较普遍，常用于非正式的口语或书面语中,而although则较为正式.另外although语气比though重，常用以强调让步概念.
e.g.Though/Although my car is very old,I don't want to buy a new one.
虽然我的汽车很旧,但我不想买一辆新的.
He insisted on doing it although I warned him not to.
虽然我警告他不要做，但他仍然坚持要做.
②even能和though组合表示强调，但even不能和although组合.因此,不能说even although，在这里even though=even if(no matter if; though即使……也……)
e.g.Even if/Even though we could afford it,we wouldn't go abroad for our vocation.
即使我们付得起这笔钱，也不出国度假。
③当让步状语从句指某种假设情况时，通常用though,而不用although.
e。g.Though all the world were against me，I should still hold to my opinion.
就算全世界都反对我，我还是坚持我的立场.
Though everybody deserts you，I will not。
即使所有人都抛弃你，我也不会的。
④though可以独立用作副词，常放在句末,意为all the same （还是；仍然)或however(可是;然而),而although无此用法。
e。g。She didn’t tell me what she had done，but I know it though。
她没有告诉我她所做的事情，但我还是知道了.
It’s hard work。I enjoy it,though.
工作很苦，可是我喜欢。
⑤though引导让步状语从句时可以倒装,而although从句则不能.
e.g。Bravely though they fought,they had no chance of winning.
虽然他们打得很勇敢，但还是没有机会获胜。
相同点：①在although和though引导的让步状语从句中,主句里不可用but,若要强调前后两部分的对比意义,可在主句前加yet或still。
e。g.Although/Though he has a lot of money,yet/still he is unhappy.
他虽然有很多钱,但并不幸福。
②although和though引导让步状语从句时，常采用省略形式.
e。g.Although tired （=Although he was tired),he kept on working.
虽然很疲劳,但他继续工作.
The problem，though complicated(=though it is complicated），can be solved without much difficulty.
这个问题虽然复杂，但解决起来不会有很大困难.

Though told （tell) to stop， the excited speaker kept on talking at the meeting。
整句话的意思是：尽管被要求停下来，但是这个激动的说话者还是在会议上滔滔不绝.
这个激动的说话者是被告知停下来说以用tell的被动形式的分词。
其实可以还原成:Though he（the excited speaker） was told to stop, the excited speaker kept on talking at the meeting。

当由though引导的句子变成分词短语时，去掉主语和后面的be动词。
主句中的主语是speaker,speaker被告知要停止谈话，所以主语与tell动词之间的关系是被动，所以用过去分词。
though让步状语从句省略掉了（he was）来避免重复.这里可以省略的原因是，让步状从和主句主语一致，所以可以省略，tell和主语HE的关系是被动,所以用told